Objective To investigate the reliability of cast measurements by comparing Photoshop and conventional hand-held method. Methods Maxillary standard plaster models from 10 orthodontic cases with crowding were enrolled in this study. The space available and the space required of anterior region were measured by using Photoshop in the digital pictures or conventional method used by 5 observers respectively.The measurement results of the same sample among every observer were analyzed with ANOVA, and the difference between the 2 methods was calculated and paired t test was used to analyze the data. Results The repeatability of measurement results was not good when the space available was measured with conven-tional method by different observer( M1 ～ M5 ), and the measurement results of M1 were significantly different from that of M3 and M5 respectively( P ＜ 0.05 ). The repeatability of measurement results was relatively good when the space available was measured by using Photoshop, and the measurement results of M5 were significantly different from other observers ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The measurement results of space required measured by different observer were very close, and the reproducibility was excellent when they were measured by means of Photoshop or conventional methods. Conclusion There were no much difference between Photoshop and conventional method to measure the required space. Photoshop had significant advantage over conventional method when available sRace was measured.

Adolescent ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Face ; surgery ; Facial Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; surgery ; Humans ; Nose ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of inducing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HuMSCs) to differentiate into Leydig cells through conditioned medium derived from Leydig cells.

METHODSHuMSCs and Leydig cells were obtained by tissue blocks culture attachment and enzymatic digestion respectively. HuMSCs were induced by conditioned medium of Leydig cells as an experiment group while those before induction were cultured as a control group. The expressions of LHR, 3β-HSD and StAR in the induced HuMSCs were determined by RT-PCR after 3, 7 and 10 days of culture; those of CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and 3β-HSD measured by immunofluorescence staining after 2 weeks; and that of 3β-HSD detected by Western blot after 4 weeks.

RESULTSThe experimental group showed positively expressed LHR, 3β-HSD and StAR at 3, 7 and 10 days, CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and 3β-HSD at 2 weeks, and 3β-HSD at 4 weeks, while the control group revealed negative expressions at all the time points.

CONCLUSIONInduced with conditioned culture medium derived from Leydig cells, HuMSCs are likely to differentiate into steroidogenic cells and eventually into Leydig cells.

Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Humans ; Leydig Cells ; cytology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Umbilical Cord ; cytology

Objective To study effects of Rupixiao granules on contraction of uterus of mice in vitro. Methods Mouse model with isolated uterine contraction was established. The mice pretreated with estradiol benzoate were sacrificed and then the uteri were taken out. The normal contractions were recorded by the biological function system. Effects of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mg.mL-1 Rupixiao granules on spontaneous and oxytocin-induced (5 U.L-1) uterine contractions were recorded,inhibition of Rupixiao granules on mean constriction amplitude,constriction frequency and contraction activity of pitocin-pretreated uterus was observed and the inhibition rates were calculated. Results Compared with the baselines, the amplitude, frequency, activity of spontaneous uterine contraction were significantly down-regulated by Rupixiao solution at a range of 10-60 mg.mL-1 ,as well as it could inhibit oxytocin-induced spasmodic contraction of isolated uterus at 10-50 mg . mL-1 ( P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion The Rupixiao granules inhibits spontaneous contraction of isolated mouse uteri and oxytocin-induced spasm of uterine smooth muscle in vitro.

Objective To investigate the surgery-related complications and risk factors of ileocolic Crohn's disease (CD).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 52 patients with ileocolic CD who underwent surgery at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to April 2016 were collected.Observation indicators:(1) surgery-related complications,(2) risk factors analysis of surgery-related complications:gender,age of onset,preoperative body mass index (BMI),course of disease,smoking history,history of appendectomy,perianal lesions,oral ulcer,C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate,disease behavior,short crohn's disease activity index (sCDAI),preoperative amino salicylic acid therapy,preoperative hormone therapy,preoperative antituberculosis therapy,preoperative immunosuppressive agents therapy,preoperative biologic agents therapy,emergency operation,surgical method and ileocolic anastomosis method,(3) follow-up.The follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect recurrence of disease up to August 2016.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as-x ± s.The univariate analysis was done using the chi-square test,and multivariate analysis was done using the Logistic regression model.Results (1) Surgery-related complications:of 52 patients,12 had postoperative complications.Four patients complicated with wound infection had good healing of the wound after debridement and dressing change.Of 4 patients with abdominal infection,3 were improved by anti-infection symptomatic treatment and 1 die of septic shock at postoperative day 1.One patient with intestinal obstruction had a smooth recovery after open adhesiolysis.One patient with intestinal fistula discharged from hospital due to a critical condition under families' requestion.One patient with acute cholecystitis and 1 with acute pancreatitis were respectively improved by conservative treatment.(2) Risk factors analysis of surgery-related complications:theresult of univariate analysis showed that sCDAI and emergency operation were the factors infecting surgery-relatedcomplications of ileocolic CD (x2 =6.299,8.494,P ＜ 0.05).The result of multivariate analysis showed that sCDAI was an independent factor infecting surgery-related complications of ileocolic CD [OR =2.716,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.216-6.066,P ＜ 0.05].(3) Follow-up:all the 52 patients were followed up for 5-76 months with a median time of 39 months.During the follow-up,15 had recurrence of diseases and then underwent medical treatment.Conclusions Patients with ileocolic CD are easily complicated with wound infection and abdominal infection in the active period,and sCDAI is an independent factor infecting surgery-related complications of ileocolic CD.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia among residents in Haining City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide into the management of dyslipidemia. Methods: Totally 1 953 residents at ages of 15 to 69 years were recruited using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in 5 townships (streets) of Hainan City. Subjects' demographic features, smoking status, alcohol consumption, family history of diseases and development of chronic diseases were collected. The height, body weight, waist circumstance and blood pressure were measured, and the fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid and blood lipid levels were determined. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was analyzed and standardized by the 7th population census data. The factors affecting dyslipidemia were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 1 893 valid questionnaires were recovered. The respondents included 949 males (50.13%) and 944 females (49.87%), and had a mean age of (47.90±14.34) years. A total of 513 participants were detected with dyslipidemia, and the prevalence and standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia were 27.10% and 27.01%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia and hypolipoproteinemia was 16.53%, 3.22%, 1.74% and 15.27%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR=1.571, 95%CI: 1.268-1.947), family history of stroke (OR=1.645, 95%CI: 1.192-2.270), hyperuricemia (OR=1.809, 95%CI: 1.370-2.388), central obesity (OR=1.423, 95%CI: 1.066-1.900), obesity (OR=1.736, 95%CI: 1.335-2.257), underweight (OR=0.171, 95%CI: 0.049-0.593) significantly correlated with dyslipidemia. Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia is lower than the national level among residents at ages of 15 to 69 years in Haining City, and hypertriglyceridemia and hypolipoproteinemia are predominant types of dyslipidemia. Male, obesity, family history of stroke and hyperuricemia are risk factors of dyslipidemia.

AIMTo introduce the manufacture and use of a simple, new type of drop recorder of frog heart.

METHODSTo improve the perfusion device of (see text for symbol) and Straub method. Two electrodes of drop recorder were fixed in an injector of 20 ml. The input tube, output tube and resistance tube were all made of plastic material.

RESULTSThis device could be used to observe effects of preload, after-load, hormone and electrolyte on the cardiac output in isolated frog heart.

CONCLUSIONThe new type of drop recorder was economical and could be easily operated, it could be also connected to computer. Using the new type of drop recorder, effects of various physical and chemical factors on cardiac function could be observed directly, accurately.

Animals ; Electrodes ; Heart ; physiology ; Infusion Pumps ; Ranidae ; Weights and Measures ; instrumentation

OBJECTIVEThis study explored the subjective quality of life in children with Tourette syndrome (TS) in order to provide a basis for more effective interference of TS.

METHODSA total of 174 children with TS (≥ 8 years old) and 186 aged-matched healthy children as controls were enrolled. The subjective quality of life was investigated by a case-control study.

RESULTSThe total score of subjective quality of life in the TS group (156.6 ± 21.1) was lower than that in the control group (164.2 ± 21.2; P<0.01). The scores of family life, school life, cognitive component, anxiety experience and depression experience (19.1 ± 3.5 vs 20.7 ± 3.0, 24.1 ± 4.4 vs 26.6 ± 3.2, 90.6 ± 13.3 vs 97.9 ± 15.3, 24.0 ± 4.6 vs 25.1 ± 3.1 and 23.8 ± 4.4 vs 24.7 ± 3.5) in the TS group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the total score of subjective quality of life in children with TS was negatively related to the age, the course of disease, the severity of symptoms, the total score of child behavior problem and family conflict (r=-0.432, -0.213, -0.869, -0.137, -0.257; P<0.01), while it was positively related to family active-cultural orientation (r=0.084, P<0.01). The multiple step regression analysis indicated that the factors influencing the subjective quality of life in children with TS included the severity of symptoms, age, family conflict and family active-cultural orientation (β'=-0.787, -0.171, -0.109, 0.106; P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe subjective quality of life is not well in children with TS. It is important to control clinical symptoms and improve family environment for the improvement of the subjective quality of life in children with TS.

Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Tourette Syndrome ; psychology

BackgroundThe quest to look for seed cells is a hot spot of cornea transplant research in solving the problem of the lack of donor. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) have been successfully induced into retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) in vivo,but the successful induction of BMSCs into corneal endothelial cells has not been reported.Objective This experiment was to study the transplantation of BMSCs on corneal endothelial surface using the splitting Descemet's membrane. MethodsFour healthy adult rhesus monkeys were divided into the experimental group ( 3 monkeys) and control group ( 1 monkey). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation combined with adhering means. The cultured cells were identified by flow cytometry and its ability to differentiate was determined by allowing them to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro and labeled by 5-bromodeoxyuridine ( BrdU ) for subsequent identification. Corneal grafts of 7 mm in size with tearing of the Descemet' s membrane were prepared in the experimental group and control group. After labeling by 5-bromodeoxyuridine( BrdU ) ,cultured cells were transplanted onto the endothelial surface of cornea grafts in the experimental group, but no cultured cells were seeded in the graft of the control group. The corneal grafts were then sutured in situ, and were removed 1,2 or 3 months after operation to examine the distribution and connection between transplanted cells and their morphologic changes under the electron microscope. Results High purity MSCs were harvested by density gradient centrifugation combined with adhering method. Cultured cells reached confluency after 12 to 16 days, presenting with a spindle shape and parallel or swirling arrangement. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 94.26％ of cells were positive for CD29,7. 51％ for CD34 and 4. 02％ for CD45. Larger nuclei filled with plastosomes, golgiosomes and rough endoplasmic reticula were found on the graft under the transmission electron microscope( TEM ). After 3 weeks, MSCs were differentiated into adipocytes where Oil Red O staining resulted in an orange-red staining in the cytoplasm and blue staining in the nuclei. The transplanted cells attached loosely on the endothelial surface of the corneal graft and came in contact with each other in one month. The shape of the cells appeared as spindle-shaped and polygonal after 2 months and became tightly packed after 3 months. The positive cells retained the BrdU label and presented with brown nuclei. No endothelia cells grew in the cornea graft in the control group, with an absence of BrdU labeling. Conclusions Mesenchymal stem cells can be transplanted onto the corneal endothelial surface successfully and form a monolayer using the centrifugation method, and present with good survival and proliferation ability.