OBJECTIVE To analyze distribution of the pathogens of catheter-related bloodstream infection ( CRBSI ), and provide doctors with the laboratory evidence of CRBSI diagnosis. METHODS A retrospective analysis of CRBSI pathogens′ distributions from 261 inpatients whose catheter culturing was positive in General Hospital of PLA from Jan 1, 2002 to Aug 31, 2004 was done, and from which true cases of CRBSI were judged and true pathogens or contaminants were identified and counted. RESULTS There were 88 (33.72%) patients diagnosed as CRBSI among 261 cases. They were from intensive care unit (41), surgical department (22), medicine (12), the old patients ward (10), and pediatric ward (3). The first four by rank order of the CRBSI pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii (15.9%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (14.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 11.4% ), and Candida albicans (9.1%). The prominent contaminants were as follows: coagulase-negative staphylococci , Streptococcus pyogenes, Micrococcus and Gram-positive rods. CONCLUSIONS To get a better understanding about distribution of CRBSI pathogens will help its diagnosing as early as possible.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Adolescent ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Clonidine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Tic Disorders ; drug therapy

Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Seizures ; chemically induced

Objective To analyse the influencing factors of quality of life (QOL)among postoperative children with congenital anorectal malformation (ARM), so as to provide evidence for developing comprehensive interventions and improve QOL of children with ARM.Methods The QOL of 100 children aged at 2 and 5 years old were evaluated by using the Chinese version of PedsQLTM4.0 scale, and the total and 4 dimensions scores of QOL were calculated.Univariate and multiple stepwise regression model was applied to analyse the influencing factors of the QOL.Results The results of univariate analysis among ARM children aged at 2 years old showed that the clinical classification, bowel disorders and family residence have different influence on QOL scores of the 4 dimensions and total scale (P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis among ARM children aged at 5 years old showed that the clinical classification, bowel disorders and maternal education had different influence on QOL scores of the 4 dimensions and total scale (P ＜ 0.05).The results of multiple stepwise regression model among ARM children aged at 2 years old showed that the major influence factor of QOL scores in physical function was family residence and bowel disorders(P ＜ 0.05), the major influence factor of QOL scores in social functioning was bowel disorders(P ＜ 0.05), the major influence factor of the total scores was bowel disorders and family residence(P ＜0.05).The results of multiple stepwise regression model among ARM children aged at 5 years old showed that the major influence factor of QOL scores in physical function was maternal occupation and clinical classification(P ＜ 0.05), the major influence factor of QOL scores in emotional functioning was bowel disorders(P ＜ 0.05) ,the major influence factor of QOL scores in social functioning was clinical classification and bowel disorders (P ＜ 0.05), the major influence factor of QOL scores in school performance was maternal occupation(P ＜ 0.05), the major influence factor of total scores was bowel disorders and clinical classification(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Family residence and bowel disorders have effct on QOL of ARM children aged at 2 years old.Maternal occupation, clinical classification and bowel disorders have effct on QOL of ARM children aged at 5 years old.We should take positive interventions on these influencing factors to improve QOL of children with ARM.

Adult ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Peracetic Acid ; toxicity

Objective To explore a more reasonable and effective therapeutic regimen and evaluate prognostic factors in hepatoblastoma patients after combined therapy.Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed on hepatoblastoma between Jan.2000 and Nov.2007 were reviewed and followed-up.Resection with chemotherapy was taken among 16 cases.Chemotherapy included pre-operation and post-operation.Five cases were cured by transcatheter arterial chemombolization(TACE).Six cases were cured by single chemotherapy(both TACE and single chemotherapy were taken in 2 cases).Five cases weren't cured by pre-operation chemotherapy.Nine cases were subjected to curative resection,3 cases to alleviative resection,2 cases with single chemotherapy,1 case with single TACE,and 1 case refused operation and left hospital.Their mean survival duration was 13.5 months(3-98 months).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total survival rate of cases as stage Ⅳ as lower than cases as stage Ⅰ,Ⅱand Ⅲ.Both alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)100 000 ?g/L cases had worse survival rate.The prognosis of mixed type was better than fetal type,embryonal type and anaplasia type.The survival rate of cases with standard chemotherapy was higher than cases with unstandard chemotherapy.And the surgical resection cases had better survival chance than non-surgical resection cases.The survival rate of surgical residual cases was worse than non-surgical residual cases.Conclusions Chemotherapy can improve the total survival rate and long-term survival rate of hepatoblastoma patients.TACE is a safe and effective choice for hepatoblastoma patients.We need to be alert and make the diagnosis as early as possibe,and treat it early and properly.

Trypanosoma is a human parasite severely affecting poor tropical areas.However,current frontline drugs for Trypanosoma treatment have severe side-effects with decreased effectiveness.Based on the fact that aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is a bonafide drug target for several microorganisms,including bacteria and fungi,it is plausible that it may also be effective target of Trypanosoma.The Trypanosoma brucei leucyl-tRNA synthetase(tbLeuRS)was cloned,expressed and purified to develop an in vitro enzymatic assay system.The assay conditions were further optimized for the effective screening of tbLeuRS inhibitors thus establishing an anti-Trypanosoma drug screening system targeting tbLeuRS.The results indicated that this system can be employed for the effective screening of anti-Trypanosoma drugs with satisfactory specificity.In addition,this system can also be used for compound optimization,as well as IC50 testing.Using this system a series of compounds are identified that are effective Trypanosoma inhibitors without toxicity to human cells.Therefore,targeting tbLeuRS may represent a new venue for the development of anti-Trypanosoma drugs.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impacts on skeletal fluorosis pain, joint motor dysfunction and urine fluoride excretion in the treatment with fire needle therapy, electroacupuncture and calcium carbonate D3.

METHODSThe randomized controlled trial was adopted. Ninety-five patients were randomized into a fire needle group (31 cases), an electroacupuncture group (33 cases) and a calcium carbonate D3 group (31 cases). In the fire needle group and the electroacupuncture group, Ashi points, Dazhui (GV 14), Geshu (BL 17), Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Xuehai (SP 10) points were selected and stimulated with fire needle and electroacupuncture separately, three times a week. In the calcium carbonate D3 group, calcium carbonate D3 tablets was prescribed for oral administration, 600 mg each time, twice a day. The duration of treatment was 2 months in the electroacupuncture group and calcium carbonate D3 group and 1 month in the fire needle group. VAS score, the range of motion (ROM) and urine fluoride value were compared before and after treatment in the patients of the three groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, VAS value and ROM were improved significantly in the patients of the three groups (all P < 0.05), the difference was not significant in comparison of the three groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment, the urine fluoride value was increased significantly in the fire needle group [(7.89 +/- 3.61) mg/L vs (9.81 +/- 4.17) mg/L, P < 0.01] and was increased in the electroacupuncture group [(7.53 +/- 3.46) mg/L vs (8.97 +/- 4.21) mg/L, P < 0.05]. The difference was not significant in comparison before and after treatment in the calcium carbonate D3 group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe fire needle therapy, electroacupuncture and calcium carbonate D3 all have the clinical value in the prevention and treatment of skeletal fluorosis and the difference in the therapeutic effect has not been discovered among them yet at present. But it has been found that the fire needle therapy and electroacupuncture display the active significance in the promotion of urine fluoride excretion.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Diseases ; drug therapy ; therapy ; urine ; Calcium Carbonate ; administration & dosage ; Electroacupuncture ; instrumentation ; Female ; Fluorides ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Treatment Outcome

Rectal cancer is one of the most malignant tumors in gastrointestinal tract, while low rectal cancer with locally advanced stage is the most common type in China. The concept of neo-adjuvant therapy has challenged the traditional treatment strategy for rectal cancer, and has showed encouraging effects in local relapse control, radical resection and sphincter preservation. However, some important issues still remain controversial, including course and dose of radiotherapy, choice of chemotherapy regimen, long-term benefits. This article aims to review and discuss related issues of neo-adjuvant therapy.
China ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Rectal Neoplasms ; therapy

Objective To investigate plasma glutathione S-transferase(GSTs) activity and GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, a coal-burning fluorosis endemic area. Methods One hundred and sixty villagers from Yachi Twon using non-improved cooking stoves were selected as the non-intervened group in Bijie City, Guizhou Province where coal-burning fluorosis was prevailing; 153 villagers as the intervented group were chosen from Changchun Twon, where cooking stoves were improved; 151 villagers were served as the control group from Baiyunshan Twon, Changshun County without endemic fluorosis. The activity of GSTs was tested by colorimetric analysis with spectrophotometer. The genotype of the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, presenting as either homozygous wild-type (AA), or heterozygous mutation type (AG), or homozygous mutation type (GG), was detected through the PCR-RFLP procedure. Results The activity of GSTs in plasma of non-intervened group [(12.44±4.97) kU/L]was significantly lower than that of intervened group (P < 0.05), and that of intervened group[(20.78±6.20)kU/L]was significantly lower than that of control group[(24.30±6.27)kU/L, P< 0.05]. The difference of the enzyme activity of three groups were statistically significant (F = 51.71, P < 0.05), but this enzyme activity did not vary significantly in each sex of each grnup(P > 0.05). Compared intervened group [AA:67.3%(103/153), AG:29.4%(45/153),GG:3.3%(5/153)]and non-intervened group[AA:66.9%(107/160), AG:30%(48/160), GG:3.1%(5/160)]with control group[AA:74.8%(113/151), AG:25.2%(38/151), GG:0 (0/151)], the Ile105Val polymorphism site of GSTP1 gene had significant difference(χ2= 6.04,6.07, both P< 0.05), but not significant between intervened and non-intervened groups(χ2 = 0.02, P>0.05). Conclusions Fluorosis can decrease the activity of GSTs and introduce the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, intervention with the fluorine intake will improve the effect of fluoride on the body.