Birth Weight ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Biology

Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Zenker Diverticulum ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To analysis the basic condition of the health resources in Chongqing ,and to explore the effect of the al‐location of health resources on doctor‐patient relationship .Methods Health statistics yearbook of Chongqing city was collected ,the fairness of the allocation of health resources in chongqing carried on the analysis and evaluation ,using the DEA model to analyze and evaluation the efficiency of the allocation of health resources in chongqing ,self‐designed questionnaire was used;hospitals ,doc‐tors and patients were investigated ,the descriptive and statistical analysis carried on .Results The distribution of health resources in Chongqing was inequitable on a regional .This inequitable distribution had been evaluated to the effect that ,as per the DEA mod‐el ,7 prefectures were effective with another 5 slightly effective and 26 as DEA ineffective .In the 8 hospitals that had been investiga‐ted ,the occurrence of medical disputes was undergoing a surge ,which indicates the tense relation between doctors and patients .Con‐clusion The total amount of health resources in Chongqing is fairly insufficient ,the high quality health resources are scarce .Unbal‐anced allocation of health resources and allocation inefficiency is the main reason for nervous doctor‐patient relationship and contra‐diction focus .

A nitric oxide inhaling equipment cooperated with the ventilator synchronously, is introduced in this paper. This equipment monitors the inspiratory flow of the ventilator by a gas flow meter, and works out the flow value of NO on the therapeutic condition using the formula of gas dilution. Then its mass flow controller controls the flow of NO and delivers it to the respiratory circuit. At the same time, the concentrations of NO and NO2 are detected by the electrochemical NO/NO2 sensors before the therapeutic gas enters into the patient. The experimental result shows that this equipment can work with the ventilator in-phase periodically, the volume of E/(I+E) NO be saved, and the output of NO2 < or = 0.7 x 10(-6). Thus the equipment not only has realized the intellectual monitoring and gas-dispensing, but also has improved the precision of inhaled NO concentration with a better reliability and security during the therapy.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Nitric Oxide ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Respiratory Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ventilators, Mechanical

With references of historical materials and modern literature regarding acupoint characteristic, a secondary analysis on the concept, origin, related factors and research methods in present research of acupoint characteristic is performed. The acupoint characteristic should be considered as an acupoint inherent attribute that could explain physiological and pathological manifestations at the same time, including location attribute and function attribute, which is related with time and treatment method. Some re-thinking on acupoint characteristic is proposed as well as advice on further research method and direction, hoping to promote the research development of acupoint characteristic.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

OBJECTIVETo review the role of epigenetic regulation in neonatal diseases and better understand Barker's "fetal origins of adult disease hypothesis".

DATA SOURCESThe data cited in this review were mainly obtained from the articles published in Medline/PubMed between January 1953 and December 2009.

STUDY SELECTIONArticles associated with epigenetics and neonatal diseases were selected.

RESULTSThere is a wealth of epidemiological evidence that lower birth weight is strongly correlated with an increased risk of adult diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. This phenomenon of fetal origins of adult disease is strongly associated with fetal insults to epigenetic modifications of genes. A potential role of epigenetic modifications in congenital disorders, transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) have been studied.

CONCLUSIONSAcknowledgment of the role of these epigenetic modifications in neonatal diseases would be conducive to better understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases, and provide new insight for improved treatment and prevention of later adult diseases.

DNA Methylation ; Diabetes Mellitus ; genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; genetics ; Genomic Imprinting ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; genetics ; Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome ; genetics

Adult ; Cutis Laxa ; complications ; diagnosis ; Emphysema ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective: To examine the expression of glucocorticoid receptor in human colon cancinoma tis-sues and call lines and to explore the survival of colon cancer cell lines treated with dexamethasone alone or in combination with 5-Fu and L-OHP in a way of dexamethasone pretreatment or co-administration in vitro.Methods: The expression of glucocorticoid receptor was detected in 61 cases of colon cancer tissue samples and 4 types of colon cancer cell lines by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining and flow cytometry. MTT assay was employed to detect the chemosensitivity of colon carcinoma cells to L-OHP and 5-Fu with dexamethasone pretreatment for 24 hours or co-administretion. Results: Positive GR expression was found in 57.3% colon cancer tissue samples and in Lovo and HCT-116 cell lines, not in HT-29 and SW-480. Apoptosis was detected in GR-expressed Lovo and HCT-116 cells at 72 hours after 1×10~(-4)mol/L Dex treatment, and the rates of apoptosis were higher than those in the control groups without Dex (P<0.01),GR-negative cells, HT-29 and SW-480 even treated with 1 × 10~(-4)mol/L Dex for 72 hours. Pretreatment and co-administration for Lovo cells with 1×10~(-4)mol/L Dex could decrease the IC50 of L-OHP from 13.7±1:1.3μg/mL to 5.9±0.6μg/mL and 4.8±0.7μg/mL, respectively. IC50 of 5-Fu was decreased from 72.2±8.1 μg/mL to 21.1±4.1μg/mL and 18.6±4.0μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: There is expression of glucocorticoid receptor in part of colon carcinoma tissue samples and cell lines. Apoptosis does occur in GR-expressed Lovo and HCT-116 cells induced by dexamethasone in vitro. Pretreatment for 24h and co-administration with Dex can increase the chemosensitivity of Lovo cells to L-OHP and 5-Fu.

This article analyzes the concept,the formation process,the main content of the United States food defense plan,the duties of stakeholders and the key points of the implementation.This article also summarizes the characteristics,similarities and differences between China and the United States in terms of food defense system,discusses the difficulties and put forward some suggestions for the food defense plan in China.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.Methods Thirty nine fetuses with meningocele and encephalocele confirmed by prenatal ultrasound and abortion were acquired and their clinical data and sonographic features were retrospectively analyzed.Results Ultrasound screening in 111 620 cases showed 39 fetuses were with meningocele and encephalocele,accounting for 0.35％.Among them,16 cases were diagnosed with meningocele (including 1 case with two bulging parts) and 23 cases with encephalocele.Prenatal ultrasound could clearly detect the location and size fetal skull defect,and bulging features.According to their sonographic features,meningocele or encephalocele was determined.Conclusion Ultrasound could be a reliable prenatal screening method,provide an important basis for clinical intervention and have a significant clinical value in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.