Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Heparin ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced

With the development of natural products, the research activities on the solubilization methods of water-insoluble natural products have been carried out worldwide. Big molecular weight and poor solubility of most natural active ingredients lead to a very poor oral absorption and low bioavailability, which has extremely limited their development in pharmaceutical fields and clinical application. As a result, it is necessary to find out a suitable technique to improve the solubility and enhance the oral bioavailability of insoluble natural drugs. Based on the related references published in these years, this review introduced some new techniques to improve the solubility and bioavailability of natural drugs, including prodrugs, inclusion complex, solid dispersion, cocrystals, osmotic pump, liquisolid compacts, micronization, self-microemulsifying, nanosuspensions, lipsomes, polymeric micelles and so on, and summarized the theory, characteristics, application range, application examples, problems and development direction of each technique.
Administration, Oral ; Biological Availability ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Water

Objective Respiratory variations in the pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform amplitude (△POP) have been popularly studied as a dynamic indicators for fluid responsiveness assessment.The authors hypothesized that △POP can indicate fluid responsiveness in septic shock patient in emergency department.Methods A prospective study of 28 patients with septic shock was carried out in Emergency Room and Emergency Intensive Care Unit from 1 October,2010 to 30 September,2011.Hemodynamic data including cardiac index,stroke volume Variation (SVV) and △POP were recorded before and after volume expansion treatment.Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in cardiac index of 15％ or greater.Results Changes in △POP after volume expansion were greater in responders than that in non-responders (P ＜ 0.01).There was a significant relation between △POP and SVV before volume expansion (r =0.900,P ＜ 0.0001).Conclusions △POPcan indicate fluid responsiveness non-invasively in septic shock patient in emergency department.This marker has potential clinical application with high sensitivity and reliability.

0.05).Conclusion The application of oxygen inhalation with a special facial mask during propofol-sedated gastroscopy appears to be more safer than that of oxygen inhalation via snuffle tube.

The viable but noncuturable (VBNC) state is a survival strategy when bacteria are exposed to en- vironment stress. The VBNC state is part of the life cycle of non-differentiating bacteria, and it has a far-reaching impact on traditional bacteriology. Cells in the VBNC state fail to grow on the routine bacterio- logical media, here its significance in human health and environment science are detailed. Cells entering the VBNC state exhibit dwarfing and a number of metabolic changes in respiration rates and macromolecular synthesis. This paper summarized the variations in DNA and protein comparing to the culturable cells. We also discussed the ability of cells to resuscitate from the VBNC state and return to an actively metabolizing and culturable form. Some new methods for monitoring the VBNC state were listed. Finally the future was suggested.

Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations ; Yin-Yang

Objective Aortic dissection is accute in occurrence along with fast change , which is inclined to to induce psy-chotic symptoms and affect the lives of patients .The study was to investigate the effects of healthcare cooperative intervention on pa-tients with psychiatric symptoms secondary to aortic dissection . Methods We established medical cooperation organization structure to clarify the division of responsibility along with a quick assessment form , a process chart and a green channel for emergencey treat-ment.The above method was applied to intervene 32 patients with psychiatric symptoms secondary to aortic dissection and observe the diagnosis time , the time from diagnosis to surgery , the remission time of psychiatric symptoms , the incidence of adverse events and the length of stay. Results 32 patients were diagnosed within 30min followed by emergency surgery within 30min after diagnosis, which was 1-2 hours shorter than the previous diagnosis and surgery preparation time .5-21 d after surgery , psychiatric symptoms have been effectively controlled.Extubation, falling out of bed, self-injury or injury and other adverse events did not occur .No patient died, and the average length of stay was 13.5d, which was 1.75d shorter than the length of stay of previous similar patients . Conclusion The healthcare cooperation method can quickly identify patients with psychiatric symptoms secondary to aortic dissection , prevent adverse events and shorten the length of stay .

Objective To study the risk factors associated with death of patients suffered from acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia (AE-IP) with very high mortality and very difficult to handle so as to find the most suitable treatment strategy for these patients.Methods The data of 26 patients with AE-IP admitted to Emergency Intensive Care Unit in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2010 to September 2013 were restrospectively analyzed.Comparison of general condition of patients,treatment strategy and response to non-invasive ventilation of patients was made between survival group and death group.Results There was no significant difference in general condition of patients between death group and survival group.But compared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF),connective tissue disease-related interstitial pneumonia had a tendency to accounting for higher proportion in the survival group.The rats of endotracheal intubation and invasive ventilation were significantly increased in death group (14％ vs.84％,P ＜ 0.05).There was significant improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after non-invasive ventilation for 2 hours in the survival group (176 ± i10 vs.218 ±64,P ＜0.05) while the death group had no significant improvement.Conclusions In patients with AE-IP,connective tissue disease associated interstitial pneumonia might have better outcome than IPF.AE-IP patients have a very high mortality rate once patients intubated,thus the decision of intubation in such patients needs to be very cautious.The patients with negligible improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after non-invasive ventilation for 2 hours may have a poor prognosis.

To describe the relationship between miRNA-21 and renal fibrosis.Methods NRK-52E cells cultured in vitro,then constructed fibrosis model induced by transforming growth factorβ1 ( TGF-β1 ) , then bone morphogenetic protein-7 ( BMP-7 )-containing lentivirus vector was used to transfect the NRK-52E cells to anti-fibrosis, SMAD1, SMAD6, FN1, rno-miR-21-5p gene expression were detected.Results After TGF-β1 treatment, the BMP-7 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly decreased, FN1 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly increased ( P<0.05 ) . After transfected by BMP-7-containing lentivirus vector, BMP-7 mRNA expression significantly increased(P<0.05), FN1, SMAD6 and rno-miRNA-21-5p mRNA decreased, SMAD1 mRNA increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is positively correlated with the miRNA21 and TGF-beta 1, its maybe related to the changes of BMP-7, SMAD1 and SMAD6.

Objective To report the results of balloon catheter dilation in 13 infants with anastomotic stenosis after surgical correction of esophageal atresia. Methods Thirteen cases of anastomotic stenosis after surgical correction of esophageal atresia were enrolled, age ranging from 3 to 10 years. Barium esophagography before balloon dilation showed the diameter of esophageal stenosis ranging 1 to 3 mm and the stenosis was dilated by using balloons of 6 to 12 mm diameter. Results All the 13 cases obtained complete resolution of the stenosis after dilation for twice or thrice. There was no esophageal perforation or other complications with a period of clinical symptomless of 6 to 30 months. Conclusions Ballon catheter dilation is a simple, safe and reliable method for treating anastomotic esophageal stenosis in infants.