OBJECTIVEto compare the therapeutic effect of posterolateral fusion (PLF), posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and posterior circumferential fusion (PCF) for lumbar spondylolisthesis.

METHODSfrom January 2003 to December 2008, 232 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with pedicle screw fixation and followed for reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into three groups based on fusion method: group A (PLF, 66 case), group B (PLIF, 54 case)and group C (PCF, 112 case). The three groups were reviewed and compared for clinical outcome and fusion rate.

RESULTSthe mean follow-up period was 21 months (range, 6-60 months). The fusion rate was 80.1% for PLF, 92.5% for PLIF and 93.7% for PCF group (P > 0.05). As to isthmic spondylolisthesis or Meyerding grade degenerative II and III spondylolisthesis, the fusion rate was 60.7% for PLF group, 90% for PLIF group and 93.3% for PCF group (P < 0.05). Compare the fusion rate for PLF group and PLIF+ PCF group (P < 0.05), fusion rate for PLIF group and PCF group (P > 0.05). The rate of excellent and good together was 84.8% in PLF group, 90.7% in PLIF group and 93.6% in PCF group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSposterior lumbar interbody fusion and posterior circumferential fusion are more consistent with bio-mechanics, have a higher fusion rate, for the treatment of spondylolisthesis they are the preferred surgical approaches.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the spatiotemporal pattern of event-related potentials (ERPs) of relational memory retention between color-location binding and semantics-location binding.

METHODSThe ERPs of 19 channels were recorded from 14 healthy subjects while performing the two binding delayed-match-to-sample tasks. A paired-sample t test was used for analysis of both the behavioral performance and ERPs, and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) of the t values was applied to ERPs.

RESULTSBehavioral performances (reaction time and accuracy) in color-location binding were significant better than those of semantics-location binding. The SPM(t) of the ERPs showed significant effects in the middle frontal region and most areas of the parietal lobe (about 200 ms), the bilateral prefrontal and frontal regions (260 approximately 320 ms), and the left occipital region (500 approximately 580 ms).

CONCLUSIONRetention of semantics-location relation involves more brain regions than that of color-location relation, and the largest effect occurs in the frontal region.

Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Frontal Lobe ; physiology ; Humans ; Memory ; physiology ; Retention (Psychology) ; physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis

To compare the DAAO expression level in different Pichia pastoris host strains, the gene encoding DAAO from Trigonopsis variabilis was cloned into plasmid pPIC3.5k and then transformed into P. pastoris GS115 and KM71 respectively. The positive transformants PDK13 (MutS) and PD27 (Mut+) were obtained by PCR analysis. Their optimal and different expression conditions were investigated. To compare with PD27, PDK13 was determined to poss a slower consumption of methanol, a longer induction time, a lower oxygen request and apparently higher expression of DAAO. The highest expression levels were reached up to 2700, 2500 IU/L in shaking flask and 10140, 8463.5 IU/L in fermentor respectively. The over-expression of DAAO can meet its large demand for production of 7-ACA, alpha-keto acid and L-amino acid. In addition, the phenylpyruvate and L-phenylalanine were obtained by crude DAAO reacting with DL-phenylalanine at 37 degrees C for 3h.
D-Amino-Acid Oxidase ; genetics ; Fermentation ; Methanol ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine ; metabolism ; Pichia ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo establish a protocol of rapid clonal propagation of Dioscorea zingiberensis using mature leaves as explants.

METHODOut the optimal hormone combinations for callus induction, adventitious bud initiation, adventitious bud multiplication and rooting were found out by using MS medium with the macroelements at half strength as basal medium and studying the effects of BA, NAA and IBA on the processes.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONMore than 80% of leaf explants formed callus when they were cultured on the media containing 1.0 - 5.0 mg x L(-1) BA and 1.0 - 2.0 mg x L(-1) NAA for 60 days; more than 60% of calli initiated adventitious buds within 50 days after they were transferred to the media containing 2.0 - 5.0 mg x L(-1) BA and 0.2 - 0.5 mg L(-1) NAA; all the adventitious buds rooted well after they were planted on the medium with 2.0 mg x L(-1) IBA for 20 days; the regenerated plantlets grew vigorously after they were transplanted and the survival rate was up to 80%.

Culture Media ; Dioscorea ; growth & development ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; growth & development ; physiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Regeneration ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; methods

AIMTo study the structure and crystal forms of chlorobenzylidine.

METHODSKarl Fischer titrimetry, FTIR, thermal analysis, single and powder X-ray diffraction were used for the studies of the structure of chlorobenzylidine and for the identification of two forms of chlorobenzylidine.

RESULTSChlorobenzylidine and its diastereoisomer have been studied in this article. They can be distinguished by their different melting points. Two crystal forms of chlorobenzylidine (form A and form B) have also been detected and studied. Form A was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, it crystallized in the triclinic system, space group P1(-), with two formula units per cell, is monohydrate. Karl Fischer titrimetry, FTIR, thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction were used for identification of the two forms.

CONCLUSIONThe studies of structure and crystal forms of chlorobenzylidine are very useful for the clinical research and the selection of recrystallization process.

Benzylidene Compounds ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Differential Thermal Analysis ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Polycyclic Compounds ; chemistry ; Stereoisomerism

Objective To analyze the correlation between SF-36 and QOL-35 and the consistency of the two kinds of life-quality questionnaires when evaluating the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods 781 in-hospital-patients, who underwent coronary angiography from June 2008 to April 2009, were included in this study. Quality of life was measured by the Chinese versions of SF-36 and QOL-35. Demographic and clinical information were collected.Correlation Analysis was done between SF-36 and QOL-35 in the patients with coronary artery disease. Results The total score of SF-36 was 62.63 ± 12.47 and the QOL-35 total score was 62.70 ± 9.69. Data from the simple correlation analysis showed that SF-36 and QOL-35 total scores (r=0.725, P＜0.01 ), SF-36 physical functioning and QOL-35 independent living capacity (r=0.933, P＜0.01), SF-36 mental health and QOL-35 mental health (r=0.132, P＜0.01), SF-36 social function and QOL-35 social function score (r=0.215, P＜0.01 ) were all relevant. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was significant correlation between SF-36 and QOL-35 (r=0.946, P＜0.01 ). Conclusion SF-36 and QOL-35 were consistent in the evaluation on the quality of life, at the overall level.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the minimal invasive arthroscopic surgery technique and clinical results of both the medial and lateral meniscal transplantation following the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with double bundles and bone tunnels.

METHODSIn August 2008 a minimal invasive surgery of both the medial and lateral meniscal allograft transplantation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was preformed for 1 case with both the medial and lateral meniscectomy by arthroscopic surgery. The method of two bone plugs attached on tibial plateau was employed for medial meniscal allograft transplantation and the technique the bridge in slot for lateral meniscal allograft transplantation. The VAS, Lysholm score and IKDC rating were recorded before and after operation. The stability of knee was assessed by Lachman test, drawer sign and pivot shift test.

RESULTSThe patient was followed up 26 month after the operations. The degrees of knee flexion, extension and function of walk were normal. The Lachman test, drawer sign and pivot shift test were nearly normal. The VAS after operation was 2 points lower than that before operation. The Lysholm score post-operation was 20 points higher than pre-operation. The IKDC became B degree in late following-up from C degree before the operation. MRI revealed anterior cruciate ligament graft was continuous and the meniscal allograft was normal shape on year 1 after the operation. The posterior horn of medial meniscal allograft and anterior corner of lateral meniscal allograft showed slightly shrunk. The second-look arthroscopy showed that the healing occurring between meniscal allograft and the capsule and meniscal allograft was normal shape on month 18 after the operation. The anterior horn of medial and lateral meniscus was slightly worn.

CONCLUSIONSBoth the medial and lateral meniscal transplantation following the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in appropriately selected patients with the medial and lateral meniscus-deficient knee may recover the knee mechanic balance and stability, which is a option of treatment for that young and activity patients. It is proposed that the medial and lateral meniscal grafts harvested from a single donator. Attention should be paid to the direction of the bone tunnels fixing the horns of the meniscus in order to avoid communication with the tunnels of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; methods ; Arthroscopy ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) in the digestive system.

METHODSClinical data of 29 patients with NEN from January 2000 to December 2012 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were analyzed retrospectively and the prognosis was evaluated according to the new WHO classification.

RESULTSThere were 19 males and 10 females and the average age was 46.5 years. All the patients had no clinical manifestations of carcinoid syndrome, and they all received surgical treatment. Two cases were gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC), who received radical total gastrectomy and distal gastric resection respectively. Three cases had neoplasm in the duodenum, including 2 NEC and 1 neuroendocrine tumor(NET), and they all underwent Whipple's procedure. Two cases were small intestine NEC, who received partial small intestine resection. Three cases had neoplasm in the appendix, including 1 NEC treated with right hemicolectomy and 2 NET with appendectomy. One case was ascending colon NEC, who received right hemicolectomy. Eighteen cases had neoplasm in the rectum, including 4 NEC treated with low anterior resection and abdominoperineal resection respectively, and 14 cases of NET underwent low anterior resection, local resection, and endoscopic resection respectively. The 1- and 3- year survival rates of 13 NEC cases were 38.4% and 7.7% respectively. The 5-year survival rate of 16 NET cases was 81.3%.

CONCLUSIONSNEN of digestive system is located mainly in the rectum and the clinical symptom is unspecific. Radical resection of NEN is the preferred treatment. The prognosis of NEC is poor, and that of NET is better.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male

Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome caused by pheochromocytoma is rare. We reported a 15-year-old female patient who was admitted to hospital with typical Cushing’s syndrome. She had not started menstruation. Her plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and 24-hour urinary free cortisol levels were extremely high. Gonadal and progestational hormone levels were also abnormal. Abdominal computed tomography scans and enhanced scans revealed multiple irregular tumors in the right adrenal. Pelvic echogram showed an infantile uterus, while the ovaries were at an immature stage of development. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic right adrenalectomy was performed without intraoperative complications. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the tumor were consistent with pheochromocytoma. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe procedure with satisfactory outcomes and allows for rapid recovery.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secretion ; therapy ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; secretion ; Female ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma ; diagnosis ; secretion ; therapy