Animals ; Hexanes ; blood ; toxicity ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To optimize and improve the content determination method for nitroglycerin ointment. Methods:An HPLC method was used,the column was Hypersil ODS(150 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase was acetonitrile ∶water(50 ∶50),the detection wavelength was set at 220 nm,the flow rate was 1 ml·min-1 ,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: The results showed a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 0. 020 3-0. 203 3 mg · ml-1 ( r =0. 999 9),and the average recovery was 99. 51%(RSD=1. 06%,n=9). Conclusion: The method is rapid,accurate and reproduci-ble,and can be used to determine the content of nitroglycerin in nitroglycerin ointment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of a method of renconstruction of Type Ⅱb defect of thumb both and reserving the length of the donor toe.Methods From March 2012 to Febrary 2014,there were 11 cases of thumb defect treated in our hospital.According to Gu Yudong's classification,all were type Ⅱ b.Three were open defect and others were closed defect.All were treated with combined transfer of big toe wrap-around flap and autogenous iliac graft for thumb reconstruction while a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap was used to resurface the donor defect.The donor site of the belly was sutured directly.Results All of the reconstructed thumb survived.Among 11 flaps,arterial crisis occurrred in 1 case,venous crisis occurred in 2 cases,and all survived after operative treatment.The patients were followed-up from 3 mooths to 15 months,all the thumbs had a good appearance.The thumb opposition function was good and sensation recovery to S3 + and two-point discrimination from 6-8 mm.The donor big-toe was preserved.All the flaps had satisfactory color and texture,but looked a little plump.All the patients had no effect on walking and running.Four flaps had more beautiful appearance after flap plastic.There was only one linear scar on the belly donor without any discomfort.Conclusion It is an effective method of combined transfer of big toe wrap-around flap and autogenous iliac graft while a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap was used to resurface the donor defect used to reconstrucution of Type Ⅱ b defect of thumb is very good.

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of compound gastritis mixture (CGM) in treating precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma (PLGC).Methods Totally 85 PLGC patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group took CGM and the control group took Vitacoenzyme tablets. One therapeutic course was three months, and the treatment lasted for two courses. The clinical symptoms, electronic gastroscopy presentation, and pathological tissues before and after treatment were observed, the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results There was statistical significance in TCM syndrome between the two groups (P<0.05), and the effective rate in the treatment group was more obvious than that in the control group (P<0.01). The symptoms of the two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05,P<0.01), but the improvements of the main symptoms in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group (P<0.05,P<0.01). The total effective rate of electronic gastroscopy presentation was 80.0% (36/45) in the treatment group, which was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Pathological curative effects of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia in the treatment group were also better than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion CGM has definite clinical efficacy in treating PLGC.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of daily smoking among residents at ages of 15 years and older in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into tobacco control. Methods: A total of 2 700 permanent residents at ages of 15 years and older were sampled using a multistage random sampling method in three districts of Wuhan City in July, 2019. Residents' demographics, tobacco use, secondhand smoke exposure and awareness of harmful effects of tobacco were collected using the core questionnaire of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, and the factors affecting daily smoking were identified among residents at ages of 15 years and older using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 2 700 questionnaires were allocated, and 2 551 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.48%. The respondents included 1 272 men (49.86%) and 1 279 women (50.14%), and the proportion of daily smoking was 19.84% among the respondents, with a mean daily tobacco use of 16.6 cigarettes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified men (OR=66.191, 95%CI: 25.344-172.873), ages of 45 to 64 years (OR=2.586, 95%CI: 1.158-5.775), farmers (OR =8.477, 95%CI: 1.126-63.786), secondhand smoke exposure at home (OR=9.395, 95%CI: 5.401-16.340), secondhand smoke exposure in workplaces (OR=1.923, 95%CI: 1.081-3.423) and no smoking at home (OR=0.459, 95%CI: 0.277-0.763) as factors affecting daily smoking among residents at ages of 15 years and older in Wuhan City. Conclusions There is a high likelihood of daily smoking among men, the middle-aged and elderly, farmers and individuals with exposure to secondhand smoke in workplaces at ages of 15 years and older in Wuhan City. Health education pertaining to tobacco control requires to be reinforced among high-risk populations, and creation of a tobacco-free home is recommended in public places and workplaces based on the complete smoking ban.

Objective To construct single chain antibody specific to membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum by gonetic engineering technique. Methods The V\-H (heavy-chain variable region) and V\-L (light-chain variable region) genes were amplified by PCR from the genomic DNA of NP11-4 cell line, and sequenced by Sanger's method. The ScFv was constructed in pTHA90 vector using V\-H and V\-L genes, then expressed by IPTG. Results The V\-H and V\-L genes were obtained through PCR. The DNA sequences showed that V\-H and V\-L were new variable region genes of antibody. They were registered by GenBank. A ScFv gene with (Gly4Ser) 3 intralinker in the pTHA90 vector was successfully constructed. The ScFv was expressed as thioredoxin-fused proteins about 36\^2 kDa. Conclusion A specific ScFv against the membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum was constructed and expressed.

Objective To investigate the seroepidemiology of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adult men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chongqing area. Methods Nonprobability sampling method was used to test EB-CA-IgG, EB-NA-IgG and EB-VCA-IgM in the sera of 1082 MSMs from the clinical trials of HIV/AIDS treatments in Chongqing area from 2012 to 2015, and 1059 healthy individuals by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test. The difference was considered statistically significant when P<0.05. Results The 1082 MSM included 130 HIV positive and 952 HIV negative subjects. The prevalence of prior EBV infection was 92.6% in total MSM population, 88.5% in HIV-positive MSM, and 93.2% in HIV-negative MSM. The prevalence in total MSM and HIV negative MSM was significantly higher than that in control group (89.9%). Prior EBV infection was not?found?in?0.5%?of?the?total?MSM,?0.8%?of?HIV?positive?MSM?and?0.4%?of?HIV?negative?MSM,?all?significantly?lower?than?that?of control group (5.0%) (P<0.05).?Finally,?the?rate?of?EBV?reactivation?in?HIV?positive?MSM?(10.0%)?was?significantly?higher?than?that in control group (3.8%) and in HIV negative MSM group(4.1%) (P<0.005). Conclusions EBV infection is highly prevalent in MSM, higher than that in the general population. The rate of EBV reactivation in HIV negative MSM is similar to that in general population. The rate of seroepidemiology-based EBV reactivation is significantly higher in HIV positive MSM, which may be associated with the immunocompromised status post HIV infection.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms involved in the ligustrazine alleviation of the pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) during exacerbation.

METHODSSeventy patients of COPD and CCP with acute exacerbation were randomly and equally divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received standard treatment with antibiotics, antiasthmatic and expectorant medications, and oxygenation; and the ligustrazine treatment group received ligustrazine treatment (80 mg/d; i.v.; for 2 weeks) in addition to the standard treatment. Before and at the end of 2 week treatment, the clinic responses of the two regimens were evaluated, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined; arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), outflow tract of right ventricle (RVOT), and internal diameter of right ventricle (RV) were measured.

RESULTSGood clinic benefits were achieved in both the standard and ligustrazine regimens, plasma level of ET-1, values of mPAP, RV and RVOT decreased significantly, plasma level of NO and PaO2 values decreased (all P < 0.01 vs pre-treatment to all parameters). Compared with the control group, ligustrazine greatly enhanced the clinic efficacy from 77.1% to 97.1% (P < 0.05), and also resulted in more significant changes of all these parameters (P < 0.01 vs control group for all parameters). For both groups, the levels of plasma ET-1 were positively correlated with values of mPAP, RVOT, and RV (r = 0.710, 0.853, and 0.766, respectively, all P = 0.000), and negatively correlated with plasma NO and PaO2 (r = - 0.823, and - 0.752, respectively, all P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine is effective in treating pulmonary artery hypertension during acute exacerbation of COPD and CCP in patients from the plateau area. The observed changes in the plasma levels of NO and ET-1 in response to ligustrazine treatment suggest that ligustrazine may act through the selective effect on pulmonary blood vessels to enhance the synthesis and release of NO and suppress those of ET-1 from lung vascular endothelial cells, thus reducing pulmonary artery pressure and decreasing pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Altitude ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Chronic Disease ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Respiration

The extracting technology of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma was optimized. With extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid as indexes, orthogonal test was used to evaluate effect of 4 factors on extracting technology, including concentration of solvent, the dosage of solvent, duration of extraction, and frequency of extraction. The results showed that, the best extracting technology was to extract in 70% alcohol with 8 times the weight of herbal medicine for 2 times, with 3 hours once. High extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid were obtained with the present technology. The extracting technology was stable and feasible with high extraction rate of four compounds from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma, it was suitable for industrial production.
Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Coumarins ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; Gallic Acid ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Phenols ; isolation & purification ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

Objective To study the modulation in number and function of endothelial progenitor cell ( EPC ) in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS ) after trauma in swine, and to investigate its pathogenesis. Methods Forty pigs were divided into sham group and MODS group ( each, n = 20 ). The model of MODS of two-hit injury, namely hemorrhagic shock and endotoxemia, was reproduced. The peripheral blood was collected before hemorrhage ( T1 ) and endotoxin injection ( T2 ), and 1 hour ( T3 ), 24 hours ( T4 ), 48 hours ( T5 ) after endotoxin injection. Phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ( p-p38MAPK ) in mononuclear cell was determined by Western Blot, the content of tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α) was determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ), and the number of EPC was determined with flow cytometry. Results Model of MODS was successfully reproduced in 17 pigs. In model group, the expression of p-p38MAPK ( A value ) peaked at T3 ( 4.83±0.52 ), and gradually declined at T4 and T5 ( 4.36±0.43, 1.93±0.33 ), and the expression of p-p38MAPK at T3-T5 was significantly higher than that at T1 ( 1.00±0.22, all P<0.01 ). The plasma concentration of TNF-α( ng/L ) at T3 in MODS group was obviously elevated compared with that of sham group ( 532.43±52.17 vs. 129.03±20.45, t=31.163, P<0.001 ), and it peaked at T3, it then gradually lowered, and it was significantly higher at T4 and T5 than that in sham group ( T4: 398.93±35.75 vs. 131.12±29.53, t = 26.562, P < 0.001; T5: 287.48±27.26 vs. 126.44±26.96, t=17.861, P<0.001 ). The number of EPC ( ×107/L ) was apparently increased in MODS group at T3 compared with sham group ( 4.832±0.624 vs. 3.545±0.363, t=9.542, P<0.001 ), and it peaked at T3, then gradually decreased, and the number of EPC at T4 and T5 was significantly lower than that in sham group ( T4:2.628±0.627 vs. 3.442±0.325, t=5.043, P<0.001;T5:2.203±0.711 vs. 3.471±0.323, t=2.972, P<0.001 ). Conclusion Phosphorylation of p38MAPK could increase the plasma concentration of TNF-αand decrease the quantity of EPC in MODS,which may be one of the mechanisms of MODS.