Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; genetics ; immunology ; Kidney ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; therapy ; Mutation ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

Schwann cells (SCs) have potently neuroprotective and myelinization abilities. They are one of the earliest and the most frequently used cells that are applied to therapeutic studies in spinal cord injury. At present, SCs are usually used as a platform for therapeutic alliance to integrate various interventions. This review will mainly discuss the issues met in therapeutic alliances with SCs for spinal cord injuries, results of various therapeutic alliances with SCs, positive effects of co-transplantation with SCs on neural stem cells, survival, migration of SCs after transplantation and roles of endogenetic SCs in repairing spinal cord injury.

Objective To determine the value of forced expiratory volume in 6 second (FEV6) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/FEV6 in diagnosis of obstructive and restrictive lung ventilation dysfunction.Methods A total of 470 cases receiving spirometric examinations were analyzed retrospectively.A subject was considered to have obstruction if FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) was ＜ 70％.The restriction was defined as FVC ＜ 80％ in the absence of obstruction.The best cut-off of FEV1/FEV6 and FEV6 were determined through receiver-operating characteristics curve,and the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and Kappa of FEV1/FEV6 and FEV6 were calculated.Results It showed that the current cut-off points used to detect obstruction and restriction could be replaced by FEV1/FEV6 was 71％ and FEV6 was 82％,respectively.FEV1/FEV6 had sensitivity of 97.5％ (154/158),specificity of 98.7％ (308/312),accuracy of 98.3％ (462/470) and Kappa of 0.962 (P=0.000).For restrictive pattern,FEV6 had sensitivity of 96.1％(73/76),specificity of 95.7％ (222/232),accuracy of 95.8％ (295/308) and Kappa of 0.890 (P =0.000).Conclusions FEV6 can be a valid alternative for FVC in the diagnosis of obstructive and restrictive lung ventilation dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the effect of multiple treatments on cystospasm after transurethral resection of prostate(TURP). Methods From 2006 to 2013, 663 patients who had received TURP for BPH were civided into 6 groups:2 were treated by kieselgel or lac-toprene urethral catheter,defined as catheter observe group. 2 were treated by warmed or ordinary temperature douche,defined as temperature observe group. 2 were treated by dicaine mixed or normal douche,defined as mixed douche observe group. The incidence rates and duration of cystospasm and visual analogue scores of pain were observed and the diversities were measured by statistics within each pair groups. Results The incidence rates and duration of cystospasm and visual analogue scores of pain of groups treated by kieselgel urethral catheter,warmed douche and dicaine mixed douche were obviously lower than the groups treated by lactoprene urethral catheter,ordinary temperature douche and normal douche. The kieselgel urethral catheter and warmed douche decreasing the irritation on mucous membrane of bladder,the dicaine decreasing the sensibility of bladder nerves may be the mechanism. Conclusion The incidence rates and duration of cystospasm and visual analogue scores of pain can be obviously decreased by treatments of kieselgel urethral catheter,warmed douche and dicaine mixed douche.

Objective To investigate the effect of indwelling double-J ureteral stents before flexible ureteroscope lithotrity in terms of operation time, postoperative hospitalization time and operation effect. Methods All clinical data of flexible ureteroscope lithotrity from 2009 to 2013 were reviewed. Operation time, postoperative hospitalization time and recurrence rate of calculus of patients who received operation directly and patients who received indwelling of double-J ureteral stents 2 weeks before operation were observed and compared. Results Op-eration time, postoperative hospitalization time, and recurrence rate of calculus of patients who received indwelling of double-J ureteral stents 2 weeks before receiving operation were obviously lower than patients who received operation directly. Conclusion Operation time, postoper-ative hospitalization time and recurrence rate of calculus can be decreased by indwelling double-J ureteral stents 2 weeks before operation.

Objective To observe the effect of Yishen Paizhuo Decoction(Decoction for reinforcing the kidney and discharging the turbid)on chronic renal failure(CRF)patients.Methods The 82 CRF patients were randomized into observation group(42 cases) and control group(40 cases).In addition to the routine treatment,the observation group was administered modified Yishen Paizbuo Decoction,and the control group was given coated aldehyde oxystarch.The course of treatment was 6 months for both groups. Changes of clinical symptoms,renal functions,blood fat,and hemoglobin were observed,and the linear regression evaluation and renal survival evaluation were employed to evaluate the development of CRF.Results The improvement of observation group in renal func- tions and blood fat was remarkable with the increased renal survival rate,compared with the control group,the difference was signifi- cant(P

Objective Alprostadil can improve the clinical efficacy of the treatment of hepatitis B cirrhosis, but little literature is available about its effect on serum inflammatory factors in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.This study aimed to investigate the effect of alprostadil on serum inflammatory factors and liver function of the patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and its possible action mechanisms.Methods We equally randomized 162 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis admitted to our hospital from August 2014 to July 2015 into a control and an observation group, the former treated by conventional antiviral, liver-protecting and supportive therapies, and the latter with alprostadil in addition, both for 4 weeks.Then, we obtained the serum inflammatory factors, the contents of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as such liver function indexes as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBil) and prothrombin activity (PTA), and compared them between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the observation than in the control group (82.72% vs 62.96%, P<0.05).Compared with the baseline, the patients in the observation group showed significant improvement after treatment in serum IL-6 ([275.62±43.39] vs [97.15±19.73] pg/mL, P<0.05), hs-CRP ([425.54±55.58] vs [50.23±6.69] ng/L, P<0.05), TNF-α ([321.74±80.73] vs [85.45±13.61] pg/mL, P<0.05), ALT ([139.54±37.36] vs [96.13±23.62] μmol/L, P<0.05), TBil ([395.39±41.13] vs [271.55±25.12] μmol/L, P<0.05), and PTA ([38.50±4.19] vs [68.36±8.11]%), and the improvement was significantly better than in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Alprostadil helps alleviate the inflammatory condition, improve the liver function, and promote clinical efficacy in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.

Objective: To explore the emergency treatment of acute respiratory tract injury caused by inhalation of phosphorus trichloride.Methods: The clinical data of 16 patients with acute respiratory tract injury caused by inhalation of phosphorus trichloride were analyzed.Intratracheal inhalation of salbutamol sulfate solution and pulmicort repules atomized liquid by aerosol rebreathing method was performed immediately after the diagnosis was made.Anti-inflammatory,fluid replacement,and other symptomatic treatment were given at the same time.Treatment lasted for 3-5 days.Results: The symptoms and signs improved significantly after 3-5 times of inhalation.Among the 16 patients,15 were cured and one improved;the cure rate was 93.75%.The shortest observation period was 2 days and the longest 7 days with an average period of 2.38 days.All cases were followed up for 3 months.No complications were found except one with pleural thickening.Conclusion: Early treatment of acute respiratory tract injury with intratracheal corticosteroid and?2 receptor activator is satisfactory for patients with inhalation of phosphorus trichloride.The method is fast-acting,efficient,with less side-effects,convenient,and easily accepted by patients.

Objective: To study the regulation of chromium on the related gene expression of glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle in diabetic rats. Methods: cDNA fragments were cloned, sequenced from our former research and its homology analysis has been done. RT-PCR was performed using the primers designd according to the sequence of cDNA. Results: The sequence identities between Cr-3 and GLUT4 were 98%. The GLUT4 mRNA expression level of DM+Cr group was obviously lower than that of normal group (P

AIM: To investigate whether grafting neural stem cells (NSCs) improves the impaired cognitive deficits and spatial recognition after ischemic-hypoxic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats. METHODS: Non-immunosuppressed 7-day-old SD rats were used as research subject and randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) sham group (n=10); (2) HIBD group (n=11); (3) transplant group (n=13). (2) and (3) were anesthetized and subjected to a hypoxic/ischemic injury obtained by combination of left carotid ligation and exposure to 8% oxygen for 2 h. At 3 days post injury, hypoxic-ischemic brain damaged animals were re-anesthetized and randomized to receive stereotactic injection of NSCs prelabeling with BrdU or control media into the hippocampus in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Cognitive (i.e., learning) deficits were assessed at 2 to 4 weeks after transplantation. At the end of the behavioral tests, the animals were killed and evaluated for NSC survival and histopathological analysis. RESULTS: Transplant group showed significantly improved cognitive function in selected tests as compared with HIBD group during the 4-week observation period. They took less time than HIBD group in finding the 3 arms baited with water and had a decreased number of working and reference memory errors in radial maze acquisition tests. Histological analysis showed that transplanted NSCs attenuated CA1 cell loss after HIBD, and NSCs survived for as long as 4 weeks after transplantation and were detected in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that transplanted NSCs attenuate brain damage and cognitive dysfunction after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. This approach warrants continued investigation in light of potential therapeutic uses.