To study time and dose related changes after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) in rat brain, right caudate nucleuses of rats were irradiated by OUR XGD gamma units. The maximum dosages of 20,50,75 and 160Gy were given using a 4 mm collimator. HE, Nissl, Luxol fast blue staining and immunohistochemistry were utilized to observe histological changes.Histological changes in the right caudate nucleuses such as microvessel injury, which appeared as telangiectasia, vasodilatation, vessel wall thickening and edema, and astrocyte changes, which appeared as hypertrophy and proliferation, were observed at various time points after GKR. These findings demonstrate time dependent and dosage dependent changes are found in normal cerebral tissue after GKR. These results provide an explanation of the process taking place during the latent period before delayed radiation necrosis develops.

Objective To study the management of prostate sarcoma. Methods Four cases of prostatic sarcoma were presented with review of the literature. Results Of the 4 cases,two were spindle cell sarcoma,one leiomyosarcoma and the other rhabdomyosarcoma.Combined modality therapies were used,including surgical,radiation,chemotherapy,Chinese herb medicine and immunotherapy.One case has been out of follow up and one has survived 22 months without tumor.The other two patients died within 7 and 19 months after operation. Conclusions Prostatic sarcoma is an aggressive malignancy with a bad prognosis.Individualized treatment should be formulated.

Objective To develop the Chinese version of the 35-item Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) and to assess the reliability and validity of MOS-HIV among HIV-infected individuals.Methods Between April and July of 2007,a croas-sectional survey of 758 HIV-infected individuals was conducted.Responses to the MOS- HIV were analyzed for its reliability and validity.Results Pearson's correlation coefficients of items for test-retest relia- bility ranged from 0.46-0.92,all internal consistency reliability coefficients exceeded 0.69,and all items were more strongly correlated with hypothesized scale than any other scale.Eight scales of MOS-HIV were significantly associated with CD_4 cell counts.Conclusions The Chinese version of MOS-HIV offers good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to assess the quality of life of HIV infected individuals in China,thus providing evidence for further studying AIDS related quality of life in this country.

Objective To study effects and other related problems of surgery for patients with cervical spine fracture and ankylosing spondylitis.Methods Twelve patients with cervical spine fracture and ankylosing spondylitis were treated with surgery from April 1986 to April 2004.All eases were studied retrospectively.They were followed up for an average of 67.5 months and their complete clinical data were kept.The neurological function was evaluated by ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) impairment scale,and the image analyzing software (Image-Pro Plus 5.1) was used to measure the angles of superior and inferior vertebral bodies of the fusion segment at flexion and extension positions.The difference between flexion and extension angles,?,served as the parameter of interspinal movement.According to the definition of spinal fusion by FDA (Food and Drug Administration),the?≥4?was considered as nonfusion.Other related problems were discussed by descriptive study.Results The average improvement in the nine patients with neurological injury was 1.3 ASIA grades.The injured segments in 10 cases were treated with fusion,of whom nine were fused by internal fixation.The fusion rate was 100%.Three cases were scheduled to have laminoplasty,but two had to receive laminectomy instead because of intraoperative complete fracture at the hinged side.Ten patients were complicated by insufficient function of major organs preop- eratively,and endotracheal intubation was difficult to perform in eight cases.Postoperative complications occurred in three cases,but fortunately healed completely.There were no deaths or fatal complications.Conclusions The neurological function can be improved by surgery for patients with cervical spine fracture and ankylosing spondylitis. Although the cervical spine is instable for most of the patients,fusion with internal fixation is indicated and can be successful.Those who had preoperative systemic diseases are likely to suffer from postoperative complications.The difficult endotracheal intubation is a common intraoperative problem.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is an epithelial cell growth factor that can stimulate intestinal development, repair the damage of epidermal cells as well as reduce the incidence of pathogen infection and diarrhea. In order to produce a recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) expressing porcine epidermal growth factor (pEGF), we constructed a recombinant vector stably expressing pEGF in L. plantarum strains. First, L. plantarum strain Lp-1 was isolated from intestinal contents of piglets. Then the functional domain of pEGF, M6 precursor protein signal peptide (SP) and super strong constitutive promoter (SCP) were connected with the backbone plasmid pIAβ8 to construct the recombinant vector that was transformed into Lp-1 by electroporation. Afterwards, pEGF was expressed in Lp-1 and detected by Tricine-SDS-PAGE and ELISA. After orally irrigated early-weaned BALB/c mice with the recombinant L. plantarum every morning and late afternoon for 10 consecutive days, body weight, villous height and crypt depth in the intestine were measured to examine the influence of the recombinant bacteria on the intestinal development of early-weaned mice in vivo. Finally, the results of our experiments demonstrated that pEGF was successfully expressed in Lp-1 and the molecular weight of pEGF was 6 kDa. In addition, the recombinant pEGF can enhanced the daily gain and exerted significance influence (P < 0.05) to the small intestinal morphology of early-weaned BALB/c mice. In conclusion, pEGF could be expressed in L. plantarum and the recombinant pEGF possesses good biological activity.
Animals ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; Genetic Vectors ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Precursors ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Swine

Objective:To evaluate the effects of perioperative glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomized into three groups.The group of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric(104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous(0.20 g/kg?d~(-1)) total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting for 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.Nutritional status was determined by body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of albumin,prealbumin transferin,glutamine,muscle concentration of glutamine and nitrogen balance.Results:No serious complications occurred in any groups during the trial.Body weight,triceps skinfold thickness,arm muscle circumference,plasma concentrations of prealbumin,transferin and nitrogen balance were not significantly different among groups.On postoperative day 6,the concentration of glutamine in blood and muscle in Gln-TPN group was higher than that in other two groups.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial to alleviating the state of catabolism caused by chemotherapy and operation.It can raise the concentrations of glutamine in blood and muscle,decrease the loss of muscle and fat tissue and promote synthesis of protein.

Objective: To study the effect of gamma irradiation on the permeability of the blood brain barrier(BBB) in rat brains. Methods:The right caudate nucleuses of Sprague Dawley rats were irradiated by OUR XGD gamma units.Maximum dosages of 20,50,75 and 160 Gy were given using a 4 mm collimator.Immunohistochemistry with antibody of serum albumin was used for detecting the extravasation of endogenous serum components.Ultrastructural changes of BBB were observed through injection of lanthanum nitrate into blood vessels. Results: Extravasation of albumin and BBB opening in the right caudate nucleuses were detected as early as 12 h after irradiation at 50,75 and 160 Gy,and were detected 1 d after irradiation at 20 Gy.Immunoreactivity and emematous water reached their maximum after 3 d, gradually decreased during the following few days,and disappeared by day 7(20,50 Gy) or day 14(75 Gy).Irradiation at 160 Gy elicited persistent extravasation of albumin and BBB opening for 14 d. Conclusion: These are transient impairments to BBB after irradiation at 20,50,75 Gy,and persistent impairments after irradiaton at 160 Gy.

Purpose:To study the activity of toremifene and its synergistic effect with anti-tumor drugs on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549,which might be expected to provide a new mode of therapy for the clinical management of lung cancer.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of these agents on human lung cancer cell line A549 were measured by a tet- razolium-based volorimetric assay (MTT assay).Results:Toremifene can inhibit the growth of A549 cell directly.The A value of the low dose toremifene combined with anti-tumor drugs were lower than that of anti-tumor drugs alone.Toremifene combined with VCR,ADM,DDP and VP-16 showed better effects.Conclusions:Toremifene combined with chemotherapy drugs shows significant synergistic anti-tumor effect on A549 cell.This might provide experimental evidence for lung cancer therapy.

Objective To study the D gene polymorphism of Rh-negative blood group in Kunming resident population with PCR technology for gene typing,and to establish and perfect PCR detecting method for RhD gene.Method 46 samples of Rh-negative blood samples were collected and PCR amplification with exon-SSP had been done firstly.The samples of D gene part existing were screened,then PCR amplifying by intron-SSP had been conducted.The PCR amplification production with intron-SSP was used to DNA sequence.Results Among 46 Rh-negative samples,the number of D gene lost intacfly was 29;the complete existing one with all exons was 12.The sequencing results were that 2 samples of only containing D10 were RhD-CE(3-9)-D and the sample with only D4 and D6 was the newly discovered variant allele RhD-CE(2-3,5,7-9)-D.RhD ? was not found in our study.Conclusion(1)There is high frequency of RhD-CE(3-9)-D in Kunming area.(2)A new variant allele of RhD-CE(2-3,5,7-9)-D is first found in Kunming area.

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative effects of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition support on immune function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods:60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer randomized into three groups.The groups of A(standard TPN group)and B(glutamine-supplemented TPN group) were given an isocaloric 104.6 kJ/(kg?d) and isonitrogenous 0.20 g/(kg?d)total parenteral nutrition for 10 days(5 days before operation and 5 days after operation) together with a course of chemotherapy before operation lasting 5 days.The 25%～35% of nitrogenous source of group B was supplied by glutamine dipeptiven.The group of C(control group) was treated by routine program.All variables were measured before and after operaition.Immune function and inflammatory responses were investigated.Results:No serious complication occurred in any group during the trial.The percentages of CD3~(+)cell and CD8~(+) cell decreased in three groups after operation.The percentage of CD4~(+)cell and NK cell and the ratio of CD4~(+)/CD8~(+) of group B was the highest in the three group on the sixth day after operation.Total lymphocyte count was higher in group B than that in group A and the levels of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2) in group B were lower than those in group A.Conclusions:Glutamine-supplemented TPN is beneficial in raising total lymphocyte count and decreasing the level of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E_(2).And it can also modulate immunosuppressive status and inflammatory response of postoperative patients.