In order to identify the chemical constituents of Yushu tablets comprehensively, we studied the chemical constituents of CHCl3 extract from Yushu tablets by the ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS). It showed that there were more than 100 compounds separated, and forty-nine peaks among these were identified on the basis of high resolution mass spectrometry data and literature data reported. Determination of twelve peaks was further confirmed by standard substances. These components assigned to the different plant sources mainly included phenylpropanoids, triterpenoids, quinones and m-trihydroxybenzene compounds. By analyzing the chemical components of CHCl3 extract from compound Chinese medicine Yushu tablets comprehensively, this study provided the foundation for studying chemical components, pharmacodynamic substance and quality control of Yushu tablets.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

AIM: To observe the surgical effects of the taumatic lens subluxation and cataract after manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus and foldable intraocular lens implantation.
METHODS: A 3. 0mm tunnel limbus incision was operated through the predicted bulbar conjunctiva and sclera on 26 cases ( 26 eyes ) with taumatic lens subluxation ( suspensory ligament rupture range less than 120 ) and cataract (Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ) . And after the manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus, foldable intraocular lens was implantated. Intraocular lens loop was imbedded in the middle of the lens zonular ligament breakup to reset the pouch. The surgical complications and postoperative vision changes were observed.
RESULTS:Three month after operation, 22 eyes had a intraocular lens centric position taking up 85% of the whole. Four eyes had a slightly eccentric position ( 1 ~2mm), taking up 15% of the whole. 21 eyes had their visual acuity 0. 5~0. 8, taking up 81% of the whole. Five eyes of visual acuity was 0. 2~0. 8. Within 24h intraocular pressure of 12 eyes (46%) after operation were elevated, and returned to normal after 2~7d. There was no severe complication during operation and postoperation.
CONCLUSION: The manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus and foldable intraocular lens implantation of the traumatic lens subluxation and the cataract through the 3. 0mm corneal sclera limbus tunnel incision is a simple and effective surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of interferon-λ1 (IFN-λ1) in respiratory epithelial cells in children with human rhinovirus (HRV) infection. METHODS: Sputum samples and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children who were hospitalized due to acute respiratory infection from February to October, 2017. Bacterial culture was performed, and nucleic acid test was performed for 11 respiratory pathogens. A total of 90 children with positive HRV alone were enrolled as the HRV infection group, and 95 children with positive respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) alone were enrolled as the RSV infection group. A total of 50 healthy children who underwent outpatient physical examination during the same period of time and had negative results for all pathogen tests were enrolled as the healthy control group. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all groups, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure viral load and the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1. RESULTS: In the HRV infection group, there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 between boys and girls and across all age groups (P>0.05). In the HRV infection group, there was no correlation between the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 and HRV load (P>0.05). The mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 in the HRV infection group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than that in the RSV infection group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HRV can induce the expression of IFN-λ1 in respiratory epithelial cells, suggesting that IFN-λ1 may play an important role in anti-HRV infection in children.
Antiviral Agents ; Child ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Interferons ; Male ; Picornaviridae Infections ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Rhinovirus

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the advantages of combination therapy with interferon-alpha plus nucleoside analogue-lamivudine or HBV vaccine in children with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSA total of 120 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B were divided into three groups, 40 patients per group. Each group was treated with one of the following therapies respectively: Group A IFN-alpha 1b 10 MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw); Group B IFN-alpha 1b 10MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw) plus lamivudine 3 mg/kg for 6 months. Group C IFN-alpha 1b 10 MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw) plus HBV vaccine 30 microg one a month.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in normalizing rate of ALT among the three groups at end of treatment. There was more significant difference in negative rate (seroconversion) of serum HBV DNA and HBeAg in group B than group A and group C (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination therapy of IFN-alpha 1b plus lamivudine seemed to be more effective than the therapy with IFN-alpha alone and the combination of IFN-alpha and HBV vaccine.

Anti-HIV Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of balance-impact tuina therapy for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).Methods:A total of 118 eligible LIDH patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 59 cases in each group.The observation group was intervened by balance-impact tuina therapy,while the control group was intervened by conventional tuina therapy,both for consecutive two weeks.The scores of visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (QOL-C30) were observed before and after treatment;the relapse rate was estimated at the sixth month and twelfth month following the treatment.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:After intervention,the total effective rate was 96.6％ in the observation group versus 91.5％ in the control group,and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The VAS and ODI scores declined significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly lower than the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The QOL-C30 score increased significantly after treatment in both groups (both P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).The relapse rates at the post-treatment sixth month and twelfth month in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the conventional tuina therapy,the balance-impact tuina therapy shows advantage in lessening pain,improving the function and enhancing the quality of life in the treatment of LIDH,and it has a lower relapse rate.Thus,this therapy is worth promoting in clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of Xinma Granules on respiratory mucosal immune function in chronic asthmatic mice.Methods Fifty female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,low-dose Xinma Granules group,high-dose Xinma Granules group and Dexamethasone group,with 10 mice in each group.Except for the normal group,the mice in the other groups were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin(OVA)to establish a chronic asthma model.After corresponding treatment,the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)and immunoglobulin E(IgE)in bronchial lavage fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The expression of E-cadherin in lung tissue was detected by Western Blot.Results HE staining showed obvious airway inflammation in asthmatic mice.The concentration of sIgA in the bronchial lavage fluid of the model group was lower than that of the normal group(P＜0.05);the concentration of sIgA in the high-dose and the low-dose of Xinma Granules groups and the Dexamethasone group was higher than that in the model group(P＜0.05);the concentration of IgE in bronchial lavage fluid of model group was higher than that of normal group(P＜0.05);the concentration of IgE in the high-dose and the low-dose Xinma Granules groups and the Dexamethasone group was lower than that in the model group(P＜0.05).The relative expression of E-cadherin protein in lung tissue of the model group was lower than that of the normal group(P＜0.05);the relative expression of E-cadherin protein in lung tissue of mice in the high-dose and low-dose Xinma Granules groups and Dexamethasone group was higher than that in model group(P＜0.05).The improvement effect on above various indexes in high-dose Xinma Granules group and Dexamethasone group were superior to that in low-dose Xinma Granules group(P＜0.05),the differences between the both groups were statistically insignificant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Xinma Granules may improve the airway mucosal immune function of asthmatic mice by improving airway inflammation,increasing the concentration of sIgA in the respiratory tract,and enhancing the expression of E-cadherin protein in the respiratory tract.

OBJECTIVETo compare two different procedures of colostomy in the laparoscopic- assisted abdominoperineal resection(LAPR), and to reduce the related complications of colostomy.

METHODSSixty- three cases with anorectal cancer undergone LAPR from June 2001 to December 2005 were registered and followed up. Circular stapler anastomosis with sigmoid colon and abdominal skin were applied on 61 cases of the colostomy, and 2 cases were hand sutured. All patients were assigned to group A and B. Thirty- seven cases received the procedure of colostomy through the rectus abdominis peritoneally in group A,other 26 cases through extraperitoneal tunnel and the rectus abdominis in group B.

RESULTSDescending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum were dissected using laparoscopic instruments in 63 cases. No conversion to open procedure and no operative death occurred in two groups of patients. There was no significant difference between two groups in mean operation time, but significant differences were found in the time of return of bowl function[A group (2.4 +/- 1.1)d vs B group (1.9 +/- 0.8)d,P < 0.05], duration of postoperative hospital stay [A group (19.9 +/- 7.8)d vs B group (14.5 +/- 3.9)d,P < 0.01] and stoma related complications(A group 29.4% vs B group 4.0%,P < 0.05). Postoperative hospital stay were shorter, and less colostomy related complications were found in group B.

CONCLUSIONColostomy through extraperitoneal tunnel and the rectus abdominis is a better procedure in LAPR, which can reduce the related complications of colostomy and shorten postoperative hospital stay.

Abdominal Cavity ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Colostomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Peritoneum ; surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo establish a primary culture method of rat testis Leydig cell.

METHODSThe primary rat Leydig cells were treated with or without 4 U/ml human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and testosterone in culture medium was detected by radioimmunoassay. The morphology and biological characteristics of Leydig cell were observed.

RESULTSThe culture cells were highly homogeneous, proliferative and had a high differentiation rate. The high purified Leydig cells were verified by their dynamic morphological changes and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase delta4-delta5 isomerase (3beta-HSD) histochemical staining. The testosterone secretion induced by hCG significantly increased (P < 0.05) 24 hours after inoculation than that induced without hCG in the control.

CONCLUSIONIt suggests that the Leydig cell cultured in vitro may secrete high concentration of testosterone, and this study laid the basis of androgen replacement therapy for partial androgen deficiency in aging male.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leydig Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; secretion ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; Testosterone ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate if the interaction between TGF-beta1/Smad pathway and ERK pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells exists.

METHODSThe rat arota was removed. The primary VSMC were isolated and cultured in vitro, then the VSMC were divided into four groups: (1) control group, (2) (TGF-beta1 group, (3) ERK blocking agent group, (4) TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. The expression of Smad2/3, ERK1/2 proteins, the content of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 proteins were detected by Western blot, and the expression of Smad2/3 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) .

RESULTS(1) In contrast to control group, the content of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 group was increased (P < 0.05), that in ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference between control group and TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. Compared with TGF-beta1 group, the contents of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 proteins among different groups. (2) There were no differences in expression of Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA among different groups.

CONCLUSION(1) TGF-beta1 can induce Smad2/3 proteins to be phosphorylated dependent on the activated ERK pathway. (2) ERK pathway does not effect the expression of Smad2/3 at the level of protein and mRNA.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Smad Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; physiology

AIMTo investigate the effect of taurine on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitric oxide products (NO2 /NO3 ) content in myocardium and plasma during shock resuscitation.

METHODSTwenty-four rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups (n=8): control group, shock group, taurine group. The model of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation was used. The activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the contents of nitric oxide products (NO2- /NO3-) in plasma were observed before shock and shock 1.5 hours, after resuscitation 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours. The activities of NOS and the contents of NO2-/NO3- in myocardium homogenate were measured after resuscitation 3 hours. Meanwhile, pathologic samples treated routinely.

RESULTS(1) During resuscitation, the activities of NOS, LDH and the contents of NO2- /NO3- in plasma of shock group were significantly higher than that of before shock and shock 1.5 hours (P < 0.01). (2) After resuscitation 3 hours, the activity of NOS and the contents of NO2- / NO3 in myocardium of shock group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01). The cardiac myocyte appeared edema, fatty degeneration. (3) All the changes of above mentioned could be attenuated by intravenous injection taurine (40 mg/kg) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that the NOS activation and NO release may mediated myocardium injury induced by shock resuscitation, taurine can ameliorate the myocardium injury, which may be related to decreasing the generation of NO.

Animals ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Plasma ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Resuscitation ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; blood ; metabolism ; Taurine ; pharmacology