In order to identify the chemical constituents of Yushu tablets comprehensively, we studied the chemical constituents of CHCl3 extract from Yushu tablets by the ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS). It showed that there were more than 100 compounds separated, and forty-nine peaks among these were identified on the basis of high resolution mass spectrometry data and literature data reported. Determination of twelve peaks was further confirmed by standard substances. These components assigned to the different plant sources mainly included phenylpropanoids, triterpenoids, quinones and m-trihydroxybenzene compounds. By analyzing the chemical components of CHCl3 extract from compound Chinese medicine Yushu tablets comprehensively, this study provided the foundation for studying chemical components, pharmacodynamic substance and quality control of Yushu tablets.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

AIM: To observe the surgical effects of the taumatic lens subluxation and cataract after manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus and foldable intraocular lens implantation.
METHODS: A 3. 0mm tunnel limbus incision was operated through the predicted bulbar conjunctiva and sclera on 26 cases ( 26 eyes ) with taumatic lens subluxation ( suspensory ligament rupture range less than 120 ) and cataract (Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ) . And after the manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus, foldable intraocular lens was implantated. Intraocular lens loop was imbedded in the middle of the lens zonular ligament breakup to reset the pouch. The surgical complications and postoperative vision changes were observed.
RESULTS:Three month after operation, 22 eyes had a intraocular lens centric position taking up 85% of the whole. Four eyes had a slightly eccentric position ( 1 ~2mm), taking up 15% of the whole. 21 eyes had their visual acuity 0. 5~0. 8, taking up 81% of the whole. Five eyes of visual acuity was 0. 2~0. 8. Within 24h intraocular pressure of 12 eyes (46%) after operation were elevated, and returned to normal after 2~7d. There was no severe complication during operation and postoperation.
CONCLUSION: The manual fragmentation and emulsification of nucleus and foldable intraocular lens implantation of the traumatic lens subluxation and the cataract through the 3. 0mm corneal sclera limbus tunnel incision is a simple and effective surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of interferon-λ1 (IFN-λ1) in respiratory epithelial cells in children with human rhinovirus (HRV) infection. METHODS: Sputum samples and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children who were hospitalized due to acute respiratory infection from February to October, 2017. Bacterial culture was performed, and nucleic acid test was performed for 11 respiratory pathogens. A total of 90 children with positive HRV alone were enrolled as the HRV infection group, and 95 children with positive respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) alone were enrolled as the RSV infection group. A total of 50 healthy children who underwent outpatient physical examination during the same period of time and had negative results for all pathogen tests were enrolled as the healthy control group. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all groups, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure viral load and the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1. RESULTS: In the HRV infection group, there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 between boys and girls and across all age groups (P>0.05). In the HRV infection group, there was no correlation between the mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 and HRV load (P>0.05). The mRNA expression of IFN-λ1 in the HRV infection group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than that in the RSV infection group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HRV can induce the expression of IFN-λ1 in respiratory epithelial cells, suggesting that IFN-λ1 may play an important role in anti-HRV infection in children.
Antiviral Agents ; Child ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Interferons ; Male ; Picornaviridae Infections ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Rhinovirus

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the advantages of combination therapy with interferon-alpha plus nucleoside analogue-lamivudine or HBV vaccine in children with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSA total of 120 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B were divided into three groups, 40 patients per group. Each group was treated with one of the following therapies respectively: Group A IFN-alpha 1b 10 MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw); Group B IFN-alpha 1b 10MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw) plus lamivudine 3 mg/kg for 6 months. Group C IFN-alpha 1b 10 MU/m2 three times per week (Tiw) plus HBV vaccine 30 microg one a month.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in normalizing rate of ALT among the three groups at end of treatment. There was more significant difference in negative rate (seroconversion) of serum HBV DNA and HBeAg in group B than group A and group C (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination therapy of IFN-alpha 1b plus lamivudine seemed to be more effective than the therapy with IFN-alpha alone and the combination of IFN-alpha and HBV vaccine.

Anti-HIV Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of balance-impact tuina therapy for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).Methods:A total of 118 eligible LIDH patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 59 cases in each group.The observation group was intervened by balance-impact tuina therapy,while the control group was intervened by conventional tuina therapy,both for consecutive two weeks.The scores of visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (QOL-C30) were observed before and after treatment;the relapse rate was estimated at the sixth month and twelfth month following the treatment.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:After intervention,the total effective rate was 96.6％ in the observation group versus 91.5％ in the control group,and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The VAS and ODI scores declined significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly lower than the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The QOL-C30 score increased significantly after treatment in both groups (both P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).The relapse rates at the post-treatment sixth month and twelfth month in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the conventional tuina therapy,the balance-impact tuina therapy shows advantage in lessening pain,improving the function and enhancing the quality of life in the treatment of LIDH,and it has a lower relapse rate.Thus,this therapy is worth promoting in clinic.

OBJECTIVEThe immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an experimental Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) chitosan-DNA vaccines were evaluated in mice.

METHODSThe chitosan-DNA vaccines were prepared by embedding pcDNA3.1(+)-cadF and pcDNA3.1(+)-peblA with chitosan respectively. BALB/c mice were intranasally immunized in a four-dose primary series (7 d intervals) at doses of 60 microg chitosan-DNA vaccines each time. The comparative immunogenicities of nine formulations were assessed on the basis of the generation of antigen-specific antibodies in serum and intestinal secretions. Mice were attacked repeatedly through intragastric administration of C. jejuni HS:19 at the 8th week after the immunization and protective efficacy was determined by detecting the degrees of protection afforded against C. jejuni invaded.

RESULTSThe mice immunized with chitosan-DNA vaccines have generated high levels of IgA and IgG from the sera and IgA from the intestinal secretions and the P/N value went up to 20.58, 30.13 and 6.87 respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of intestinal SIgA increased correspondingly. Moreover the chitosan-DNA vaccines induced strongest level of protection in BALB/c mice against challenge with C. jejuni HS:19 strain and the protective efficacies was 93.70.

CONCLUSIONThe results of this study indicate that the chitosan-DNA vaccines could induce significant protective immunity against C. jejuni challenge in the mice model.

Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; immunology ; Campylobacter Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Campylobacter jejuni ; immunology ; Chitosan ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effect of thymosin alpha(1) on lung infections in critical patients with tracheotomy.

METHODSForty-two patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group to receive daily subcutaneous thymosin injection at 11.6 mg and saline of 2 ml for 7 days, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the infection rate, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukiu-6 were significantly lower in the treatment group.

CONCLUSIONThymosin alpha(1) can be effective for prevention and treatment of lung infections in critical patients with tracheotomy and may improve the patients' immunity and prognosis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Injuries ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; prevention & control ; Thymosin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Tracheotomy ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate if the interaction between TGF-beta1/Smad pathway and ERK pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells exists.

METHODSThe rat arota was removed. The primary VSMC were isolated and cultured in vitro, then the VSMC were divided into four groups: (1) control group, (2) (TGF-beta1 group, (3) ERK blocking agent group, (4) TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. The expression of Smad2/3, ERK1/2 proteins, the content of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 proteins were detected by Western blot, and the expression of Smad2/3 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) .

RESULTS(1) In contrast to control group, the content of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 group was increased (P < 0.05), that in ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference between control group and TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group. Compared with TGF-beta1 group, the contents of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in TGF-beta1 + ERK blocking agent group was decreased (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 proteins among different groups. (2) There were no differences in expression of Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA among different groups.

CONCLUSION(1) TGF-beta1 can induce Smad2/3 proteins to be phosphorylated dependent on the activated ERK pathway. (2) ERK pathway does not effect the expression of Smad2/3 at the level of protein and mRNA.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Smad Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; physiology

Objective To evaluate the effects of blood withdrawal from peripheral intravenous catheters (PIC) on blood samples via meta-analysis.Methods We performed a systematic search in Cochrane Library,PubMed,EBSCO,CINAHL,Embase,CMBdisc (China Biology Medicine disc),Wan Fang Data,VIP (China Science and Technology Journal Database),CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure)to collect randomized controlled trails (RCTs)about the effects of blood withdrawal from peripheral intravenous catheters.The quality of RCTs was critically appraised and data were extracted by two reviewers independently.Meta-analysis was conducted for eligible RCTs.Results Totally 22 studies were retrieved and 7554 blood samples were included.Results of meta-analysis showed as compared with standard blood drawn by direct venipuncture (DVP),there was no significant risk of hemolysis rates of blood samples collected from PVC [random effect RR =2.01,95％ CI (1.01,4.00),P=0.05];with certain procedures,results of laboratory tests of blood samples withdrawal from PIC had little impacts on red blood cell count(RBC),white blood cell count(WBC),platelet count (PLT),fasting blood-glucose(FBG)and serum levels of sodium,potassium,calcium,chlorine,and the differences had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusion Blood samples withdrawal from PIC will not increase hemolysis if sampling after infusion has been stopped for 2～3 min and 2～5 ml blood is discharged,which are reliable for blood routine and biochemical tests.After a comprehensive consideration,the technique of blood withdrawal from a PIC could be used interchangeably from DVP.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of finger reconstruction in child with second toe transplantation,and evaluate the postoperative appearance and function regarding the reconstructed donor feet.Methods From June 2002 to May 2011,sixteen cases were reconstructed in sub-emergency with second toe transplantation.Two thumbs,eight index fingers,and 6 middle fingers were reconstructed.All patients were followed-up from 12 to 24 months.The functions of reconstructed fingers were analysed.Results All the reconstructed fingers survived.Vascular crisis occurred in 1 patient,and survived after re-anastomosis.Necrosis of skin grafts at the domon site with exposed tedons was seen in 1 ease,and healed after changing dressings.All the reconstructed fingers showed good in growth and development,and performed good functions as grabbing,grasping and nipping.Two-point discrimination was between 6 mm and 10 mm.The donor site of the foot had normal gait,without obvious influence on walking.Also,no pain was complained.Conclusion The method of transplanting the second toe can reconstruct the appearance and function of the finger defects in child,and has little effect on the appearance and motion of feet.It is an effective treatment method.