Objective To study the renal protective effect of perindopril in diabetic rats. Methods The following groups of rats were studied: normal control rats ,diabetic control rats and diabetic rats treated with perindopril (2mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) . After 4 weeks or 12 weeks treatment , alterations of renal ultrastructure were observed in each group, Urinary albumin excretion was observed every 4 weeks.Results Urinary albumin excretion of diabetic rats treated with perindopril were significantly lower than that of diabetic untreated group(P

Objective To observe the effects of blocking renin-angiotensin system with losartan or perindopril on renal angiotensinⅡand its type 1 receptor （AT1R） expression in STZ-induced （diabetic） rats. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group （NC） and （diabetic） group. Diabetes was induced by STZ （65 mg/kg） abdominal injection. Four weeks later, diabetic rats were further divided into 4 groups: diabetic rats treated with losartan (DL, 20 mg·kg-1·d-1),diabetic rats treated with perindopril (DP,2 mg·kg-1·d-1) and diabetic untreated control group（DC）. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma and renal angiotensin （Ⅱ.）Expression of AT1R was detected by RT-PCR in each group before and after 12 week′s treatment. Results At the 4th week, renal AT1R expression decreased. At the 16th week, plasma angiotensinⅡ,renal angiotensinⅡand AT1R mRNA in diabetic untreated group were significantly higher than those in normal rats. （Renal） angiotensinⅡand AT1R in losartan or perindopril-treatmented group were significantly lower than those in DC group. Conclusion Intrarenal RAS is abnormal in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Renoprotective effects of losartan and perindopril may partly induced by inhibiting renal angiotensinⅡ and AT1R （expression.）

Objective　To observe the effect of losartan on urinary albumin excretion in streptozotocin diabetic rats.Methods　The following groups of rats were studied:normal control rats(NC),diabetic control rats (DC),diabetic rats treated with losartan 〔20mg/(kg*d)〕(DL) and diabetic rats treated with perindopril （2mg/(kg*d)〕(DP).Urinary albumin was observed at the 4th、8th、12th and 16th week.Results　Urinary albumin excretion of diabetic rats treated with losartan or perindopril were significantly lower than that of diabetic untreated group (P＜0.01).The effect was not different between losartan treated and perindopril treated rats.Conclusion　The results suggested that losartan can reduce urinary albumin excretion in diabetic rats.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestation of a patient with hypoparathyroidsmsensorineural deafness-renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome and to sequence the related GATA3 gene of the patient.Methods A 22 year old person with HDR syndrome was reported in regard to clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,and genetic mutation.Some related literatures were reviewed.Results The patient showed tetany,deafness,and positive Chvosteks' and Trousseau' s signs.The initial laboratory studies showed that serum concentration of calcium was lowed and the iPTH level were lower than normal.Binaural pure tone audiometry showed Binaural sensorineural deafness.Colour doppler ultrasound revealed that his right kidney was not observed and the level of creatinine was increased,indicating renal insufficiency.GATA3 mutations on DNA sequence analysis indicated that the 6 exon IVS6-1G-A (G/A heterozygosis splicing),showed the mutation of G to A is in the upstream of the first base in the six exon.After treating with calcium carbonate and vitamin D,the symptoms and signs were improved.Conclusion HDR syndrome is a rare endocrine disease,that should receive more attention in order to avoid missing diagnosis;The IVS6-1G-A as a novel mutation of GATA3 gene,has not been reported so far.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperglycemia in patients with primary aldosteronism.Methods Thirty two patients diagnosed as primary aldosteronism(PA) in our hospital from 2010 to 2013 (PA group),and 40 patients as essential hypertension (EH group).Two groups were measured and compared,including blood pressure,plasma aldosterone,urine aldosterone,and plasma potassium.Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index(HO-MA-IR) were calculated.Results The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 43.75％ in PA group,including 25％ patients of glucose intolerance and 18.75％ patients of diabetes mellitus,which was significantly higher than those of EH group (25％,12.5％,and 12.5％,respectively).PA group's fasting and 2-hour postprandial insulin levels and insulin resistance index were higher than that of EH group.Conclusions The present study indicated that patients with PA had a significantly high prevalence of glucose metabolism disturbance and insulin resistance.Screening test should be performed and avoid missed diagnosis.

Objective To observe the delayed brain myelination of children with phenylketonuria(PKU)combined with epilepsia,and explore effectiveness of the treatment and provide an objective criteria for patient recovering evaluation.Methods There were 42 PKU patients,aged 3 to 72 months were selected.The concentration of phenylalanine tested by high pressure liquid chromatography was greater than 1.2 mmol/L in blood,diagnosed as PKU.According to electroencephalogram and clinical symptom,21 cases were diagnosed as epilepsy,the other 21 cases were used as control group.All patients were taken MRI before treatment.Myelination in 10 sections(cerebellum,pons,mesencephalon,internal capsule posterior limb,corpus callosum,internal capsule anterior limb,occipital lobe,parietal lobe,temporal lobe,frontal lobe)were evaluated.Results Delayed myelinations were located mainly in the cerebral lobes and corpus callosum,average delayed incidence of the 10 region was 44.8% in epilepsy group and 30.9% in control group.The incidence of the corpus callsum was 80.9% in epilepsy group,52.4% in control group,the number of sections of delayed myelination showed statistically significant between 2 groups(P

Aim The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of GSTP1 codon 105 polymorphism, alone and in combination with GSTM1-deletion polymorphism, on erythrocyte GST activity in 196 Han Chinese. Methods GST activity was measured in healthy Chinese by a spectrophotometric method (n=196;101 males and 95 females; age range 21～81 years; median 43.5 years). GSTM1 polymorphisms were analyzed by a PCR-Multiplex procedure, whereas GSTP1 polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was 56.1% and the frequency of I/I, I/V, and V/V genotypes was 60.7%, 35.2% and 4.1%, respectively, in Han Chinese. The mean erythrocyte GST enzyme activity for I/V genotype group(3.53?0.63 U?g -1Hb) was significantly lower than that for I/I genotypes (4.25?1.07 U?g -1Hb, P=0.000), while significantly higher than that for V/V genotypes (2.44?0.67 U?g -1Hb, P=0.004). In GSTM1(-) group, the GST activity of carriers of GSTM1(-)/GSTP1- I/I is significantly higher than that of GSTM1(-)/GSTP1- I/V or-V/V, however, in GSTM1(+) group, there is no difference between different subgroups. There was no significant difference in the mean GST activity among different age groups. Erythrocyte GST activities were significantly higher in females than in males, but not significantly. Conclusion The GST activity measured by CDNB-based assay is probably strongly correlated with the GSTP1 105Val genotype, although other GST enzymes would tend to dilute the GSTP1 genotype effect.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of reduction and fixation with multi-Kirschner wires for treatment of Lisfranc fracture-dislocations.

METHODSThere were 49 patients (37 male and 12 female aged from 20 to 28 years old) involved in the study. According to the Myserson damage typing, type A in 12 cases, B1 in 3, B2 in 28, C1 in 4 and C2 in 2. Kirschner wires were applied to fix and reconstruct the three-column in three directions according to the structural characteristic of midfoot. Reconstruction of three-column needed not only to reduce and to fix every single column, but also to establish union of the columns.

RESULTSAccording to the evaluation of AOFAS for midfoot, 14 cases were excellent (90 to100), 22 cases good (80 to 89), 8 cases fair (70 to 79) and 5 cases poor (60 to 69), with an average score of 84.200+/-9.663.

CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis and treatment of Lisfranc fracture-dislocations should comply with the theory of three-column reconstruction of foot arch, which can achieve the static balance of biomechanics and provide a stable environment for healing of fracture and soft tissue. Reduction and fixation with multi-Kirschner wires is an effective treatment method for Lisfranc fracture-dislocations.

Adult ; Bone Wires ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Joints ; injuries ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; injuries ; Middle Aged ; Tarsal Bones ; injuries

BACKGROUND:Anticancer drug and organic metal complexes wil form a new structure or a change in ion concentration, thus changing both the activity and toxicity to produce a synergistic effect. OBJECTIVE:To synthesize new high-efficient and low-toxic metal-fluorouracil complexes as anticancer drugs. METHODS:Copper, zinc and iron salts and fluorouracil were used to synthesize four copper, zinc and iron-fluorouracil complexes that were [Cu(5-Fu)2Cl2], [Cu(5-Fu)2(NO3)2], [Fe(5-Fu)3]SO4 and [Zn(5-Fu)2Cl2]. Preliminary chemical structures of the four complexes were confirmed by elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. Their inhibitory activity on human cancer cells, human leukemia cellline K562 and human colon cancer cellline HCT-116, was measured by MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:[Cu(5-Fu)2Cl2], [Cu(5-Fu)2(NO3)2], [Zn(5-Fu)2Cl2] and [Fe(5-Fu)3SO4] were successful y synthesized. These four complexes at a mass concentration of 0.1-100 mg/L inhibited the proliferation of K562 and HCT-116 to different extents. The IC 50 values of these four complexes on K562 and HCT-116 cells were lower than those of fluorouracil, and their cytotoxicity was 1.5-7.8 times higher than that of fluorouracil. To conclude, copper/iron/zinc-fluorouracil complexes exhibit synergic inhibitory effects on cancer cellproliferation.

BACKGROUND:Previous research indicated that iron-fluorouracil-phenanthroline complex has good antitumor activity in vitro, which can inhibit the proliferation of human cancer cels. OBJECTIVE:To detect the antitumor activity and toxicity of iron-fluouracil-phenanthroline complex, [Fe(5-Fu)2(Phen)SO4],in vivo. METHODS:A total of 40 Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were intraperitoneally injected with 72, 102.9, 147, 210 mg/kg [Fe(5-Fu)2(Phen)SO4] and the half lethal dose of the complex was detected. One day after the establishment of mouse S180 sarcoma models, the model mice were randomly divided into eight groups, and administered with the intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg (low dose group), 30 mg/kg (middle dose group), 60 mg/kg (high dose group) [Fe(5-Fu)2(Phen)SO4], normal saline (negative control group), cisplatin (positive control group), 5-fluorouracil, iron-salt and phenanthroline, respectively. The injection was done once a day, lasting for 7 days. The weight of sarcomas, body weight, the main organ coefficient and histopathological changes of the main organs were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The half lethal dose of [Fe(5-Fu)2(Phen)SO4] was 103.9 mg/kg. Compared with the negative control group, high dose group, positive control group and 5-fluorouracil could significantly inhibit the growth of the tumor (P< 0.05 orP< 0.01), and the effect of high dose group was the most obvious (P < 0.01). Compared with cisplatin, 60mg/kg [Fe(5-Fu)2(Phen)SO4] had a weaker inhibitory effect on the kidney, but higher inhibitory effect on the liver, spleen and thymus, indicating the complex has a lower nephrotoxicity, but stronger immunotoxicity and hepatotoxicity than cisplatin.