Objective To evaluate the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in inflammatory responses in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury using gene knockout.Methods Twenty-four male C578L/6J wild type mice and 24 male B6.129P2-Nos3tm1Unc/NJU (eNOS gene knockout) mice,aged 10-12 months,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) and mechanical ventilation group (group MV).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 1％ pentobarbital sodium 70 mg/kg,and mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.The animals were mechanically ventilated for 4 h (oxygen flow rate 0.5 L/min,FiO2 50％,VT 15 ml/kg,RR 70 bpm,PEEP 2 cmH2O).After 4 h of ventilation,blood samples were obtained from the internal carotid artery for detection of PaO2.The animals were then sacrificed and the lungs were removed for determination of wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio,myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity,contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),and pulmonary microvascular permeability,and for microscopic examination of the pathological changes of lung (with electron microscope).Results Compared with group S of wild type mice,PaO2 was significantly decreased,while W/D ratio,MPO activity,contents of MDA,IL-6,TNF-oα and NO,and pulmonary microvascular permeability were increased in MV groups of wild type and gene knockout mice,and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group S of gene knockout mice.Compared with group MV of wild type mice,PaO2 was significantly increased,while W/D ratio,MPO activity,contents of MDA,IL-6,TNF-α and NO and pulmonary microvascular permeability were decreased in group MV of gene knockout mice.The pathological changes of lung were significantly attenuated in group MV of gene knockout mice as compared with group MV of wild type mice.Conclusion eNOS is involved in inflammatory responses in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury.

Objective To explore epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)antigens that are potentially useful for cancer early detection and therapy.Methods A high quality cDNA library derived from ascites tumor cells of EOC patients(3 cases of serous EOC,1 case of mucinous EOC,and 1 case of endometrial carcinoma of ovary)was constructed,and the method of combining serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries(SEREX)and suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH)was used for screening cDNA library.All of the positive clones were sequenced and bioinformatics analysis with BLAST software in GenBank was performed.Serological mini-arrays of recombinant tumor antigens(SMARTA)was used to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to these antigens in both 96 ovarian cancer patients and 96 cancer-free controls.Results Fifty-five positive clones encoding different antigenic genes of EOC recognized by IgG and(or)IgM were obtained.It showed that these 55 clones derived from 45 distinct genes and these genes could be grouped into 6 classes as following according to homology with known expressed sequence tag(EST):(1)known ovarian carcinoma related genes:BARD1,et al;(2)homologous genes with other tumors:TM4SF1,et al;(3)homologous genes with special tissues:ILF3,FXR1,et al;(4) homologous genes with special function:TIZ,C1 D,et al;(5)embryo originating genes:PKHD1,et al; (6)novel genes:OV-189,et al.SMARTA results showed that the positive ratio of five EOC antigens TM4SF1(28% vs 9%),CID(21% vs 6%),BARD1(23% vs 5%),FXR1(23% vs 8%),OV-189 (31% vs 13%)which reacting with their IgG autoantibodies,three antigens TIZ(26% vs 8%),FXR1 (28% vs 11%),and OV-189(18% vs 7%)which reacting with their IgM autoantibodies in patients was higher than in controls(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of irinotecan combined with cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSFifteen patients (10 males and 5 females) aged from 32 to 58 years (median age of 47 years) with KPS>70 and the diagnosis of advanced NSCLC by pathology or cytology were treated with cisplatin 80 mg/m(2) plus irinotecan 60 mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion on 1, 8, 15 days, and the treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. After treatment for at least 2 cycles, the therapeutic effects and adverse drug reactions were evaluated.

RESULTSOf all the cases, PR was achieved in 4 (26.7%), SD in 9 (60%), and PD in 2 (13.3%), with an overall response rate of 26.7%. The median survival time was 11 months and 1-year survival rate was 46.7% (7/15). The main toxicities were delayed diarrhea and granulocytopenia.

CONCLUSIONIrinotecan plus cisplatin is an effective and tolerable treatment for advanced NSCLC with low incidence of adverse effects.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ulinastatin on gut mucosal apoptosis and bacterium translocation in a rat model of sepsis.

METHODSFifty rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups, namely the control (n=5, no operation or drugs), ulinastatin pretreatment (n=15, treated with 25,000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 h before operation), ulinastatin treatment (n=15, treated with 25,000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 h after operation) and sepsis model (n=15, without drug treatment) groups. The rats in the later 3 groups were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 3, 6 and 12 h after CLP, the rats were sacrificed and the ileum was removed to examine the pathology and apoptosis of the mucosa. The DNA of Bacillus coli in the whole blood was detected using PCR.

RESULTSSepsis caused of epithelial cell loss in the ileal villi, ulceration and blebbing of the lamina propria. Ulinastatin treatment administered before and after the operation both significantly alleviated these morphological anomalies. The sepsis rats showed significantly increased intestinal mucosal apoptotic index as compared with the other 3 groups (P<0.05). Ulinastatin pretreatment, in comparison ulinastatin treatment 12 h after CLP, significantly increased the intestinal mucosal apoptotic index (P<0.05). Bacillus coli DNA was positive in sepsis and postoperative ulinastatin treatment groups but negative in the control and pretreated groups.

CONCLUSIONIncreased intestinal musocal apoptosis and gut bacterial translocation occur in rats following sepsis, and ulinastatin can effectively decrease intestinal mucosal apoptosis and inhibit bacterial translocation.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bacterial Translocation ; drug effects ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ileum ; drug effects ; microbiology ; pathology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; microbiology ; pathology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; drug therapy ; Trypsin Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel (Taxotere) (DTX) and oxaliplatin (OXA) for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

METHODSThirty-six patients with histologically confirmed recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer received chemotherapy with DTX and OXA. DTX at the dose of 75 mg/m(2) was administered on day 1 by intravenous infusion in 60 min, followed by OXA at 100 mg/m(2) given by a 2 h infusion. The chemotherapy cycles were repeated every 21 days, and the patients received at least 2 cycles.

RESULTSAll the patients were available for response evaluation, among whom 3 (8.3%) showed complete responses and 17 (47.2%) showed partial responses, with an overall response rate of 55.6%. The main adverse effects included hematological toxicities and peripheral neuropathy.

CONCLUSIONCombination of DTX and OXA produces good therapeutic effect with tolerable toxicity profile for treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; drug therapy ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo clarify the resource of medicinal plants of genus Polygonum s. lat. distributed in Anhui Province.

METHODConducting field investigation and consulting related specimens and data.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe distribution, growing environment and medicinal use of 32 taxa have been clarified. A scientific basis for further study for these medicinal plants has been provided.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; pharmacology ; Antidiuretic Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ecosystem ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification ; Polygonum ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Damage ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Necrosis ; Sulfinic Acids ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factors ; genetics ; Up-Regulation ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging features and pathological diagnosis of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

METHODSThe clinical data of 50 patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma admitted in our hospital from February 2016 to February 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were examined by routine pathology and immunohistochemical staining. Among them 15 cases were examined by MVD and VEGF, and the other 15 glioma patients were taken as control group.

RESULTSIn 50 patients, the disease was chronic, and the main clinical symptoms were numbness, cognitive disorder and disorder of consciousnessetc. Brain CT image of 33 cases (66%) mainly showed slightly higher density; 46 cases (92%) had head enhanced MRI lesions; 38 cases (76%) showed intracranial multiple lesions, 36 cases (72%) showed invasion of supratentorial, and 11 cases showed midline invasion (22%). Pathological diagnosis confirmed 47 cases (94%) with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, the proliferation index of the Ki-67(90%) in 41 case (82%) was higher.

CONCLUSIONPrimary central nervous system lymphoma is manifested with diffuse large B cell lymphoma as its main type, or with complicated clinical manifestations, lacks of features and certain imaging characteristics, but a few patients are easily pathologically misdiagnosed, therefore the biopsy is necessary for diagnosis of these patients.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between mechanical ventilation-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and mammalian taget of rapamycin ( mTOR) signaling pathway in mice. Methods Fifty healthy male C57BL∕6 mice, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 2 groups ( n=25 each) using a random number table method: control group ( group C ) and mechanical ventilation group ( group V) . The mice breathed spontaneously for 6 h in group C, and the mice were mechanically ventilated for 6 h in group V. Open field test and contextual fear conditioning test were conducted at 1 and 3 days after the end of ventilation. Hippocampal tissues were obtained at 1 day after the end of ventilation for determina-tion of the expression of mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ( by Western blot) and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons ( by TUNEL) . The p-mTOR∕mTOR ratio and apoptosis index were calculated. Results Compared with group C, the time animals spent in the central square was significantly prolonged, the number of crossing the grid was reduced, the percentage of freezing time was decreased, the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱwas up-regulated, and the p-mTOR∕mTOR ratio and apoptosis index were increased in group V ( P<0. 05) . Conclusion The mech-anism by which mechanical ventilation induces apoptosis in hippocampal neurons may be related to activation of mTOR signaling pathway in mice.

PURPOSE: Previous studies reported an association between an increased risk of tongue cancer and radiation treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) in patients with and without a history of radiotherapy for NPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1965 to 2009, a total of 73 patients were diagnosed with TSCC with a history of radiotherapy for NPC. The patients were matched in a 1:3 ratio with patients with sporadic TSCC according to age, sex, and year of the TSCC diagnosis. The primary endpoint was the overall survival. RESULTS: The median interval from NPC to TSCC was 82 months. The NPC survivors were more likely to be diagnosed with a more advanced T classification, less likely to have lymph node involvement, and more likely to have the tumor located in the dorsum of the tongue than sporadic TSCC. Regarding the histologic characteristics, the NPC survivors were more likely to have a weak lymphocytic host response, low tumor budding, and low risk of a worse pattern of invasion. The sporadic TSCC patients had a better overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.690; p=0.033) than the NPC survivors. In competing risks analysis, the cumulative incidence functions for the competing event (documented non-tongue cancer death) were significantly higher in the NPC survivors (Gray's test, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: TSCC patients with a history of radiotherapy for NPC appear to have particular clinicopathologic features, a poorer survival, and are more likely to die from non-tongue cancer causes than those with sporadic TSCC.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Case-Control Studies* ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Prognosis* ; Radiotherapy ; Survivors ; Tongue Neoplasms ; Tongue*