Objective To determine the normal ranges of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) in normal children and children with symptoms of heart failure(HF),and to study their clinical implications.Methods Concentrations of serum NT-proBNP were determined in 80 normal children and 70 children with clinical symptoms of HF.Venous blood was taken in each subject,and plasma NT-proBNP was determined by ELISA method.Eighty normal children included 40 boys and 40 girls.Their ages ranged from 1 to 16 years old.Seventy children with HF were divided into two groups.The first group(n=45,21 males,24 females) included children with symptoms of HF caused by dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Their ages ranged from 1 to 16 years,and they had a left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) of less than 50%.The second group(n=25,11 male,14 female) consisted of children with symptoms of HF due to ventricular septal defect(VSD).Their ages ranged from 1 to 16 years,and they had an LVEF of 51%-78%.The serum NT-pro BNP levels were determined by ELISA method and LVEF was measured by echocardiography and clinical symptom score of heart failure was defined by using Ross Score.Results Serum concentration of NT-proBNP was 223.05 fmol/mL in normal children from 1 to 16 years old.NT-proBNP levels did not show a significant age-related or sex-related differences.In children with HF,the plasma NT-proBNP levels were significantly elevated(mean:1353.3 fmol/mL) compared to normal children(t=8.964 P

The writing of vocational college thesis is the maln way to test whether the students are able to analyze and solve practical problems with the professional knowledge and skills they've learnt, as well as improve the capability of production and practice. This paper analyzes the present situation of the thesis written by higher vocational college students majoring in pharmaceutical sci-ences, and figures out the four kinds of evaluation standards about graduation thesis for students in various pharmaceutical fields with different problems. The four kinds of evaluation standards includes key point analysis on Standard Operation Procedure (SOP), planning strategy for pharmaceutical mar-keting, investigation of rational use of drugs in hospitals and subject research. The author puts forward the solving method for the problem, and formulate the evaluation requirements.

Female ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheotomy ; methods

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,therapy and prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).Methods Forty-three PCNSL patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The most frequent PCNSL clinical presentations were an increased intracranial pressure, focal neurologic deficits.The median survival time of patients was 18.0 months (14.2—21.8 months,95% CI).Cox regression model analysis revealed that ependymal and leptomeningeal involvement was the only independent factor for overall survival (P=0.002).Conclusions PCNSL is a aggressive disease with a poor prognosis and difficult to diagnose before operation.The optimal treatment modality for newly diagnosed PCNSL is still under investigation.

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Workplace

Adult ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholecystectomy ; methods ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Keratin-8 ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; RNA, Viral ; metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The effects of application of in-process quality control in Guizhi Fuling capsule production were evaluated by 192 batches data analysis. Using a statistical analysis method, each batch of data were to be counted to research for the difference between 96 samples adopting the technologies of in-process control or not. According to quality standards of Guizhi Fuling capsule, all measurements of the 192 batches of the drugs before and after the application of process control technology were analyzed, and they were within the rules. There was a significant difference between adopting the technologies of process control or not. Application of in-process control technology can improve the uniformity of lot-to-lot for Guizhi Fuling capsule.
Capsules ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Polydatin is a monocrystaline compound isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (Polygonaceae) with biological properties, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative and nephroprotective effects. Increasing number of studies have demonstrated the protective effect of polydatin on renal ischemia reperfusion injury. However, the possible mechanisms of this protection are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polydatin on ischemia-reperfusion induced expression of toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) in rat renal tubular epithelia cells (NRK-52E), and analyze the mechanism of polydatin on TLR4 signal pathway. The cultured NRK-52E cells were incubated in three gas incubators for a period of 6 h at hypoxia and 24h at reoxygenation to simulate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro. TLR4 mRNA level was analyzed by real-time-PCR, and the protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB by Western blotting, while TNF-α and IL-1β proteins expressions were detected by ELISA. Polydatin downregulated I/R induced mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, and decreased the protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β. The TLR4 blocker partially antagonized the effect of I/R on NF-κB signaling, and such inhibitory effect was markedly enhanced by polydatin. In the present study, polydatin protects NRK-52E cells from I/R injury possibly by relieving the inflammatory response through regulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To prepare iRGD modified liposome(iRGD-LP)and evaluate their targeting efficiency in vitro and in vivo to colon cancer cell.Methods The iRGD-LP was prepared by film-ultrasonic method,its particle size and Zeta potential were evaluated.The cellular uptake efficiency of RKO cell to LP and iRGD-LP were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Tumor spheroid model were constructed and the penetration efficiency of solid tumor were evaluated.Ectopic colon cancer nude mice model was constructed,and iRGD -LP distribution in the rat body were studied.Results The particle diameter of iRGD-LP was (109.4 ±12.9)nm with the Zeta potential of (4.2 ±1.47)mV.The cellular uptake efficiency of RKO cell to iRGD-LP were 3.2 times higher than that of LP(P<0.01).The tumor spheroid penetration test and iRGD-LP distribution in vivo imaging results showed iRGD-LP had the strongest fluorescence intensity.Conclusion The iRGD-LP might serve as a promising colon cancer delivery system of antitumor drugs.