The effects of ultrafine grinding on the dissolution rates of the effective components in Sanjie Zhentong capsule (SZC) were studied in this experiment. Fine and ultrafine powder of SZC intermediates were made by ordinary grinding and ultrafine grinding technology, and then granulated by wet granulation. SZC were prepared by fine powder, ultrafine powder and ultrafine granules, respectively. With resveratrol and loureirin B as investigated indexes, dissolution rates of the four intermediates in SZC were determined by cup method and HPLC. The dissolution rates of resveratrol in SZC prepared by fine powder, ultrafine powder and ultrafine granules were 26.11%, 63.27%, 67.49%, respectively; and the dissolution rates of loureirin B were 7.160%, 20.29%, 23.05%, respectively. The dissolution rate of resveratrol and loureirin B in SZC prepared by ultrafine granules was the best. D90 size of ultrafine grinding was 13.221 μm and could improve the dissolution rates of resveratrol and loureirin B in SZC.
Capsules ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Silicones ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometriosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Spinal Canal ; pathology ; surgery ; Spinal Diseases ; pathology ; surgery

Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; analysis ; genetics ; Male ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; blood ; genetics ; pathology

Objective To explore the value of ultra?high b?value DWI in diagnosis of prostate cancer in central gland. Methods Seventy?one consecutive patients, who were scheduled for prostate biopsy, were prospectively screened. T2WI, conventional DWI with b?value of 1 000 s/mm2 and ultra?high b?value DWI with b?value of 2 000 s/mm2 and 3 000 s/mm2 were performed in each examination. Twelve?core ultrasound guided prostate systematic biopsy was operated within 3 weeks after MRI examination. Images were interpreted based on prostate MR guidelines (PI?RADS) and were corresponding to histological results conducted by ultrasound guided prostate systematic biopsy. Using biopsy as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for different imaging methods. Sensitivity and specificity differences between ultra?high b?value DWI and conventional DWI were analyzed using the McNemar test. The areas under the curves (AUCs) between ultra?high b?value DWI and other modalities were compared by using the Z test. Results Forty lesions were identified in the prostate central glands from the 33 sample patients in 71 examinees. Twenty two lesions were identified as prostate cancer in 15 patients and 18 lesions were identified as benign prostatic hyperplasia in 18 patients. MRI analysis of lesions in central gland, 27 (67.5%), 20 (50.0%), 32 (80.0%) and 35 (87.5%) were diagnosed accurately with the T2WI, conventional DWI and ultra?high b?value DWI (b=2 000, 3 000 s/mm2) respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for ultra?high b?value DWI was 90.9%and 83.3% with a b?value of 3 000 s/mm2 and was 86.4% and 72.2% for 2 000 s/mm2. These values were significantly higher than conventional DWI with a b?value of 1 000 s/mm2 (59.1%and 38.9%, P<0.05). The detection of lesions was comparable with ultra?high b?value DWI at 2 000 s/mm2 and 3 000 s/mm2 (P>0.05). The AUCs were 0.674, 0.510, 0.793 and 0.871 in T2WI, conventional DWI and ultra?high b?value DWI at 2 000 s/mm2 and 3 000 s/mm2 respectively. ROC analysis showed greater AUCs for the ultra?high b value DWI, than for the T2WI and conventional DWI (P<0.05). Conclusion The ultra?high b?value DWI is a valuable MRI modality in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in central gland.

Abstract: In the United States, it is estimated that 1% to 4% of pregnant women are infected with hepatitis C virus （HCV）, which carries approximately a 5% risk of transmission from mother to infant. Hepatitis C virus can be transmitted to the infant in utero or during the peripartum period, and infection during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes, including fetal growth restriction and low birthweight. The purpose of an excerpt of Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #56: Hepatitis C in pregnancy—updated guidelines: Replaces Consult Number 43, November 2017 is to discuss the current evidence, provide updated recommendations regarding screening, review treatment, and address management of hepatitis C virus during pregnancy.

Using the qualified rates of particles as the evaluation indexes, the impact tactors of one-step pelletization technology of Jiuwei Xifeng granules were selected from six factors by the Plackett-Burman experimental design and the levels of non-significant factors were identified. According to the Plackett-Burman experimental design, choosing the qualified rates of particles and angle of repose as the evaluation indexes, three levels of the three factors were selected by Box-Behnken of central composite design to optimize the experimental. The best conditions were as follows: the fluid extract was sprayed with frequency of 29 r . min-1, inlet air temperature was 90 °C, the frequency of fan was 34 Hz. Under the response surface methodology optimized scheme, the average experimental results are similar to the predicted values, and surface methodology could be used in the optimization of one-step pelletization for Chinese materia medica.
Air Movements ; Analysis of Variance ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hot Temperature ; Models, Theoretical ; Research Design ; Tablets

Objective To design a new method to verify the position of multileaf collimator(MLC)leaf using a two-dimensional ion chamber array(2D-array).Methods 2D-array of PTW T10018 Seven29~(TM) was used to calibrate the accuracy of MLC leaf position of Elekta Precise accelerator.The edge function of the leaf position of MLC was measured and used as the reference value.The precision of MLC leaf was then evaluated through comparing the measured and reference values.Results The accuracy of MLC leaf position was found within?0.1 mm.Conclusion This method of verifying the accuracy of multileaf collimator leaf position is easy,simple and reliable

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect, long term survival and side effect on NSCLC patients treated with nadaplatin combined with paclitaxol and cisplatin combined with paclitaxol.

METHODSNSCLC patients with stage IIIB or IV were randomized into two groups in this prospective clinical study. TN group: nadaplatin 30 mg/m2 dl-3, paclitaxol 175 mg/m2 dl, repeated every 4 weeks. TP group: DDP 30 mg/m2 dl-3, paclitaxol 175 mg/m2 dl, repeated every 4 weeks.

RESULTSSixty patients were enrolled and 57 were evaluable with 30 in TN group and 27 in TP group. The overall response rate were 43.3% vs. 48.1% (P = 0.716), and the disease control rate were 86.7% vs. 88.8% in TN and TP group (P = 0.799), respectively. The median survival time was 14.3 vs. 13.0 months, and the 1- and 2-year survival rate was 62.5% vs. 59.1%, 0% vs. 5.8% in TN and TP group (P = 0.839), respectively. The rates of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were similar in TN and TP groups whereas more patients in TP group than in TN group suffered from anemia (38.5% vs. 17.5%, P = 0.001), nausea and vomiting (82.6% vs. 35.6%, P = 0.000), fatigue (35.9% vs. 14.1%, P = 0.000) and peripheral neurotoxicity (50.0% vs. 21.9%, calculated by case, P = 0.023).

CONCLUSIONNadaplatin combined with paclitaxol is an effective treatment regimen for NSCLC patients. When compared with similar regimen with cisplatin, the response rate and survival were similar; however, nadaplatin regimen shows some superiority as regards some treatment side effect.

Adult ; Aged ; Anemia ; chemically induced ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neutropenia ; chemically induced ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Remission Induction ; Survival Analysis ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of different heating timings after mixing the materials and different heating methods on the expansion characters of a quick-heating gypsum-bonded investment.

METHODSThe setting expansion rate of GC Cristoquick II gypsum-bonded investment was measured with a setting expansion tester 30, 60, 120 min after mixing the material respectively. The thermal expansion rates of the material at different setting time (30, 60, 120 min after mixing) and under different heating treatment methods (quick and conventional heating techniques) were also determined using a thermal dilatometer for dental investments, the total linear expansion rate were calculated. The effects of heating time and heating methods on the expansion of the investments were statistically analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software, using ANOVA multiple comparison (alpha=0.05).

RESULTSStatistical differences were found among the setting and thermal expansion rates of the investment at different heating timings after mixing the material (P<0.01). Setting expansion, thermal expansion and total expansion rates increased with the setting time before heat treatment, while thermal expansion rates under different (quick and conventional) heating methods were not statistically significant (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expansion characters of the quick-heating gypsum-bonded investment are influenced by different heating timings after mixing the material. The heat treatment technique of this quick-heating investment recommended needs to be modified to ensure casting precision.

Calcium Sulfate ; Dental Casting Investment ; Dental Casting Technique ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Investments

OBJECTIVETo study the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p or 19q in oligodendroglial tumors.

METHODSTwenty-eight cases of oligodendroglial tumors were enrolled into the study. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor tissues in order to study the status of chromosomes 1p and 19q.

RESULTSAmong the 28 cases of oligodendroglial tumors, 24 cases (85.7%) showed 1p LOH, while 18 cases (64.3%) showed 19q LOH and 17 cases (60.7%) showed LOH of both 1p and 19q. LOH at 1p or 19q was present in 25 (89.3%) of the 28 cases.

CONCLUSIONSReal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis is a rapid and specific way in detecting LOH in paraffin-embedded tumor tissues. LOH at 1p or 19q is present in majority of the oligodendroglial tumors studied.

Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; Female ; Humans ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Oligodendroglioma ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods