Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia combined with mitochondrial divison inhibitor 1 in mitochondrial after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR).Methods Fourty male healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 280-320 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each): group Sham, group IR, hypothermia group (group H), Mdivi-1 group (group M) and hypothermia+Mdivi-1 group (group HM).Animal models of global cerebral IR were established by transoesophageal cardiac pacing inducing cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ischemia 4 min and reperfusion 6 h).The group Sham was similarly treated to group IR except the cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.In groups H and HM, the core temperature was cooled down to 32-34℃ within 15 min starting from the beginning of reperfusion, and maintained for 6 h.In the other groups, the core temperature was maintained at the normal temperature.In groups M and HM, the animals were given Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg) intravenously at the beginning of the reperfusion and the other groups were given the same Volume of dimethylsnlfone (DMSO).After 6 h of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed, and bilateral hippocampi were immediately removed for determination the protein level of dynamin-related proten 1 (Drp1) and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) expression by Western blot and obsevation of the mitochondrial structure of pyramidal cell in hippocampal CA1 under electronic microscope.Results Compared with group Sham, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was up-regulated in groups IR, H, M and HM (P＜0.05).Compared with group IR, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was down-regulated in groups H, M and HM (P＜0.05).Compared with groups H and M, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was down-regulated in group HM (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C between groups H and M.The mitochondria were rod-shaped with clear and sound structure in group Sham, while mitochondria showed various degree of fission, swollen structures, matrix deposit, vacuoles formation and cristae collapse in other groups.The changes of group HM were relatively slight.Conclusion Mild hypothermia combined with mitochondrial divison inhibitor 1 alleviate mitochondrial damage after global cerebral IR of rats.The combined effect is better than that of any individual application.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hypothermia on the expression of dynamin?related protein 1 ( Drp1) in brain tissues during global cerebral ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) in rats. Methods Thirty?six healthy male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 280-320 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table: sham operation group ( group Sham ) , global cerebral I∕R group ( group I∕R) and hypothermia group ( group H) . Cardiac arrest was induced by transoesophageal cardiac pacing followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation to establish the global cerebral I∕R model in anesthetized rats in I∕R and H groups. In group H, the body temperature ( rectal temperature) was cooled down to 32-34 ℃ within 15 min starting from the beginning of reperfusion, and maintained at this level for 6 h. At 72 h of reperfusion, neurological deficit was scored, and the rats were sacrificed, and the whole brain was removed for examination of the pathological changes in hippocampal CA1 region and for determination of nor?mal pyramidal cell count and neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region and expression of Drp1 and cy?tochrome c (Cyt c) in hippocampal tissues (by Western blot). The apoptosis rate was calculated. Re?sults Compared with group S, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly in?creased, and the number of normal pyramidal cells was decreased in I∕R and H groups, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt c in hippocampal tissues was significantly up?regulated in group I∕R ( P<0.05) , and no sig?nificant change was found in the expression of Drp1 and Cyt c in hippocampal tissues in group H ( P>0.05) . Compared with group I∕R, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly de?creased, the number of normal pyramidal cells was increased, and the expression of Drp1 and Cyt c in hip?pocampal tissues was down?regulated in group H ( P<0.05) . Conclusion The mechanism by which hypo?thermia inhibits cell apoptosis during global cerebral I∕R may be related to down?regulation of Drp1 expres?sion in rats.

Objective To explore the correlation between plasma asymmetric dimethylarginin(ADMA) and essential hyper‐tention(EH) by comparing the difference of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine levels between Kazak and Han patients with EH in Xinjiang .Methods 91 Kazak and 112 Han patients with EH were selected .81 Kazak and 110 Han healthy people were selected as healthy control groups .The plasma ADMA levels in EH groups and the control groups were measured by using the reverse phase‐high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) .Meanwhile the liver function ,renal function ,blood lipids ,blood glucose and fructosamine were measured .Results Kazak and Han patients with EH had higher levels of plasma ADMA than the control groups (P<0 .01);there was a positive correlation between the plasma ADMA and blood pressure levels of EH patients in two na‐tionalities(r=0 .715 ,P<0 .01 for Kazak ;r=0 .645 ,P<0 .01 for Han) .Conclusion Both Kazak and Han patients with EH have higher levels of ADMA than the respective healthy control group in Xinjiang .The correlation between the plasma levels of ADMA and EH existed ,which indicate that ADMA might be involved in the occurrence and development of EH .

Sodium houttuyfonate (SH) is a derivative of effective component of a Chinese material medica, Houttuynia cordata, which is applied in anti-infection of microorganism. But, the antimicrobial mechanisms of SH still remain unclear. Here, we firstly discovered that SH effectively inhibits the three types of virulence related motility of.Pseudomonas aeruginosa, i.e., swimming, twitching and swarming. The plate assay results showed that the inhibitory action of SH against swimming and twitching in 24 h and swarming in 48 h is dose-dependent; and bacteria nearly lost all of the motile activities under the concentration of 1 x minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (512 mg x L(-1) same as azithromycin positive group (1 x MIC, 16 mg x L(-1)). Furthermore, we found that the expression of structural gene flgB and pilG is down-regulated by SH, which implies that inhibitory mechanism of SH against motility of P. aeruginosa may be due to the inhibition of flagella and pili bioformation of P. aeruginosa by SR Therefore, our presented results firstly demonstrate that SH effectively inhibits the motility activities of P. aeruginosa, and suggest that SH could be a promising antipseudomonas agents in clinic.
Alkanes ; pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fimbriae, Bacterial ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Houttuynia ; chemistry ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; cytology ; drug effects ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Sulfites ; pharmacology ; Virulence ; drug effects

The present study aims to investigate the lignan constituents from Sambucus williamsii and their proliferation effects on osteoblast-like UMR106 cells. Seven compounds were isolated and purified by macroporous resin D101, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, ODS column chromatographies and Preparative HPLC(C-18). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as threo-guaiacylglycerol-beta-0-4'-conifery ether (1), lirioresinol A (2), 1-hydroxypinoresinol (3), 5-methoxybalanophonin (4), balanophonin (5), 5-methoxy-trans-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (6), and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (7). Compounds 3-7 were obtained from this genus for the first time. The proliferation effects of all isolated compounds on osteoblast-like UMR106 cells were determined. Compounds 1-7 (1 x 10(-12)-1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1)) increased UMR106 cell proliferation to some extent.
Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sambucus ; chemistry

Objective To explore the correlation between the incidence of abdominal and pelvic artery distortion and age using dig-ital three-dimensional reconstruction,in order to assess risk in uterine artery embolization surgical approach.Methods Collecting the CTA datasets of 475 patients,group A aged 11-27 (n=40),group B aged 28-44(n=218),group C aged 45-61(n=197), group D aged 62-78(n=20).The 3D model of pelvic arteries was reconstructed by mimics software,and the arterial distortion was recorded by rotating and observing the 3D model,which was further classified into three categories.One was the distortion of the aorta only,the second was the distortion of iliac artery,and the third being distortion of both sturctures.the number of cases appeared arterial distortion in every age group was calculated and the ratio of the total cases to each age group was counted.Results There were 128(26.9%)cases appeared arterial distortion,the last 347(73.1%)were not found distortion in any artery.Of the 128 cases,the occurrence rates of arterial distortion in each age group were 2.5%、11.9%、44.7%、65% for group A,B,C and D respec-tively.Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that the incidence of arterial distortion positively correlated with age (r=0.404,help of three-dimensional reconstruction.The occurrence rate of artery distortion is increased with age and the iliac artery distortion occurrence is higher than that of the aorta artery.

Altitude ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Consumption

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of iptakalim (Ipt), an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, on cardiac remodeling induced by isoproterenol (ISO) in Wistar rats.

METHODSISO was given subcutaneously (85 mg/(kg x d), sc, 7 days) to induce cardiac remodeling in rats. The rats in Ipt treated group were administrated with Ipt 3 mg/kg (po) after ISO injection. After treated with Ipt for 6 weeks, the hemodynamic parameters were tested by an eight channel physiological recorder (RM-6000). Then the heart weight was weighed and the cardiac remodeling index was calculated. HE stain and Masson's stain were employed to perform histological analysis, the hydroxyproline(Hyp) content in cardiac tissue was detected by colorimetric method, radioimmunoassay was used to measure the plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and prostacyclin (PGI2).

RESULTSSix weeks after ISO injection, the cardiac functions of model group were damaged markedly compared with those of normal group. The characteristics of ventricular remodeling in model group included that the heart weight index, myocyte cross-sectional area, myocardial fibrosis, and the hydroxyproline content in cardiac tissue were all increased significantly. The plasma level of ET-1 was increased, while the plasma level of PGI2 was decreased significantly. These changes could be reversed by Ipt treatment (3 mg/(kg x d) for 6 weeks).

CONCLUSIONIpt can reverse cardiac remodeling induced by isoproterenol in rats. The endothelial protective effect regulating effects of Ipt on the balance between the ET-1 and PGI2 system may be involved in its mechanisms.

Animals ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Hemodynamics ; Hydroxyproline ; metabolism ; Isoproterenol ; pharmacology ; KATP Channels ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; Prostaglandins I ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

·AIM:To study the influence factors and management of anterior chamber gas bubble during femtosecond flap creation for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK) .·METHODS: Totally 9671 eyes of 4859 patients with femtosecond LASIK were included in this study. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative parameters of anterior chamber gas bubble patients were analyzed and compared.·RESULTS:A total of 51 cases (0. 53%) occurred anterior chamber gas bubble during femtosecond flap creation. There was no statistical difference between uncorrected visual acuity of postoperative 1mo (-0. 076 ± 0. 09 ) and preoperative best corrected visual acuity (-0. 08±0. 04; t=-0. 34,P=0. 74). And 33 eyes (65%) did not affect the pupil tracking, but there were 18 eyes ( 35%) unable to track the pupil successfully. There was no statistical difference in uncorrected visual acuity of postoperative 1mo between trace group (-0. 06 ± 0. 08 ) and no trace group(-0. 11 ± 0. 09; t = 1. 82, P = 0. 07). The highest incidence of anterior chamber gas bubble was at 9 point, followed by 3 point. There were no statistical differences in spherical equivalent refraction, corneal curvature, corneal diameter, anterior chamber volume, anterior chamber depth and intraoperative femtosecond laser energy between anterior chamber gas bubble eyes and the contralateral eyes (P>0. 05).·CONCLUSION: Anterior chamber gas bubble formation during femtosecond flap creation for LASIK is an uncommon event. It may affect the eye tracking. There is no obvious effect on early postoperative visual acuity if intraoperative disposed properly. The direct or indirect factors of anterior chamber gas bubble formation are unclear.

Objective To explore the predictive significance of platelet changes on deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs after total knee replacement,and to guide the early clinical prediction and prevent the occurrence of thrombotic events.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 50 patients who had been treated by total knee arthroplasty for degenerative knee osteoarthropathy from January 2016 to June 2018 in the Department of Orthopedics and Traumaology,Xi'an Jiangtong University Medical College Red Cross Hospital.There were 10 males and 40 females,aged from 47 to 80 years (average age 65.1 years).According to the results of B ultrasound examination of the lower extremities,the patients were divided into the non embolic group (24 cases) and the embolic group (26 cases).The platelet counts and hemoglobin levels of the two groups were recorded before and after operation,and their respective differences were calculated.The difference of hemoglobin difference between the two groups was analyzed.At the same time,the difference of platelet count and total knee joint were examined.Whether the deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after replacement was statistically significant.If there was no statistical difference in the difference in hemoglobin between the two groups,and the difference in platelet count was statistically significant,the ROC curve was made to determine the optimal screening point.If obeying the normal distribution and the homogeneity of the variance,an independent sample t test was performed on the platelet count difference and the hemoglobin amount difference between the two groups,and the dose data in accordance with the normal distribution was expressed as (Mean ±SD).Results The difference of platelet count was (30.4 ± 14.8) ×109/L in thrombosis group and (53.5 ± 15.2) × 109/L in thrombosis group.The difference of platelet count between the two groups had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.001).The best screening point of platelet count difference was 34.0 × 109/L.The difference of hemoglobin count between thrombosis group and thrombosis group was (20.8 ± 9.3) g/L and (24.0 ± 10.7) g/L,there was no significant difference in hemoglobin between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Preoperative and postoperative platelet count difference can effectively predict the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty.When the platelet count difference before surgery ≥34.0 × 109/L,early prevention of deep venous thrombosis should be avoided.The formation of the occurrence.