Objective To determine the viral etiology and its epidemic features of community-acquired pneumonia ( CAP) among pediatric inpatients in Guangzhou.Methods A total of 1 539 children with CAP admitted in Guangzhou Women and Children’ s Medical Center during June 2012 and June 2013 were enrolled in the study.Throat swab specimens were collected, and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( FQ-PCR) was performed to detect 11 respiratory pathogens.SPSS 17.0 was used for data processing, and χ2 test was performed to compare the infection rates among different groups.Results Among 1 539 patients, 550 cases (35.7%) were infected with at least one pathogen, and 101 (6.6%) were infected with two or more pathogens.The most popular viral etiologies were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (102, 6.6%), rhinovirus (RHV)(101, 6.6%), adenovirus (ADV) (78, 5.1%), influenza virus A (IVA) (78, 5.1%) and bocavirus (HBOV) (74, 4.8%).RSV infection often occurred in children with age≤3 years, while ADV or IVA infection often occurred in those with age >3 years.RSV infection rate peaked in winter and spring, IVA infection rate peaked in spring and summer, while ADV and HBOV infection rates peaked in summer.The rate of multiple infections in critically ill children (22/135, 16.3%) was significantly higher than that in other CAP patients (79/1 404,5.6%,χ2 =116.049, P<0.01).Conclusions Viral infection is common in pediatric inpatients with CAP, and RSV infection is the most popular.Multiple infections are more often to cause critical conditions.

In this paper, the five strains of Polygonatum odoratum were used as the experimental materials to test the supercooling point, freezing point, the degree of supercooling, the transition stage time, cooling time and water composition of the plant tissue. The cold resistance of P. odoratum was analyzed with the Gray Correlation Method. The results showed that the cold resistances of the five strains of P. odoratum were different, and the water content of plant tissue had some relevance with freezing point and supercooling point, whereas, it could not be measured when the moisture content was too low. The order of cold resistance of the five strains of P. odoratum was ZJCY, DYYZ, XYYZ, CYYZ and JZ I.
Cold Temperature ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; physiology ; Polygonatum ; chemistry ; classification ; physiology ; Water ; analysis

Objective To explore the efficacy of microsurgery on petroclival meningiomas.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data and the prognosis of microsurgery was performed on 21 patients with petroclival meningioma.Suboccipital retrosigmoid approach was adopted in 3 and supra-or infra-tentorial transpetrosal presigmoid approach was adopted in 18.The clinical manifestations and surgical outcomes were analyzed to evaluate the significance of microsurgery. Results Of the 21 patients with petroclival meningioma,total resection(Simpson I,Ⅱ)and sub-total resection(Simpson Ⅲ)were achieved in 11 and 5,respectively;resection of major part was obtained in 4 and partial resection was obtained in 1 with 1 postoperative death.At the early stage of postoperation,5 patients developed oculomotor palsy and 4 developed dysfunction of facial nerve;2 were found caudal cranial nerve palsy and 2 were found hemiplegia contralateral to the tumor.All these patients were followed up for about 3 months to 4 years:3 recovered from the oculomotor palsy 1 month after the operation and 3 recovered from the dysfunction of facial nerve 3 months after the operation;2 recovered from caudal cranial nerve palsy 1 week after the operation and 2 recovered from hemiplegia 1 month after the operation.5 were performed γ knife radiotherapy without tuinor recurrence. Conclusion Choosing the fight approach is the key to petroclival meningiomas management and presigmoid approach is the most effective way at present.

Retinoic acid plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function in male testis. Recent studies showed that there is a group of genes that can be specially activated by retinoic acid during the development of male reproductive gland. The gene Stra 8 (Stimulated by Retinoic Acid) was one of the gene in this group. In mouse, Stra 8 is restrictively expressed in male germ line cells, and its function is related to the development of sperm. In order to investigate the feature of Stra 8 gene expression,the 1.4 kb (-1407 - +7) promoter region of Stra 8 gene was amplified from mouse genomic DNA. The DNA fragment was then cloned into a promoter less vector to form the construct that contained the 1.4 kb promoter region, and the reporter gene of EGFP that was regulated by 1.4kb Stra 8 promoter. To investigate the specificity of Stra 8 promoter,the vector pStro-EGFP was transfected into undifferentiated mouse stem cells such as ES-129, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (mMSC) and spermatogonial stem cell (mSSC). The results showed that the expression of GFP was only observed in the mSSC cells,which indicated that Stra 8 gene was specially regulated in testis tissue. As the gene marker,vector pStra8-EGFP was then transfected to undifferentiated mMSC cells. After being selected by G418 for 2 weeks,the mMSC cells were induced by retinoic acid. After 12 hours induction, some induced cells started to express GFP protein, which was observed under the fluorescence microscope. At the same time, several stem cell specificity biomarkers such as Oct4, and spermatogonial stem cell biomarkers such as CyclinA2 and Stra 8 were detected in the induced cells by RT-PCR method. These results showed that the mMSCs would differentiated to spermatognial stem cells after induced by Retinoic Acid.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proteins ; genetics ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; metabolism ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and complication of bilateral multi-target radiofrequency lesion operation in patients with affective disorder.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-two cases with affective disorder were treated with unstaged bilateral multi-target radiofrequency thermocoagulation. The efficacy was evaluated with the method established in 1990 by the National Psychosurgery Cooperative Group.

RESULTSAfter 2 weeks of operation, 86 cases with remarkable improvements, 81 cases with improvements, 15 case with no improvements, no case with progression, total efficient ratio was 91.76%. With 6-54 months of follow-up to all of 166 cases, 38 cases with recovery, 59 cases with remarkable improvements, 52 cases with improvements, 17 cases with no improvements, no case with progression, total efficient ratio was 89.76%. Except for early temporal complication of stereotaxic operation, the long-term complication ratio was less than 1%.

CONCLUSIONCT-guided bilateral multi-target operation is prominent in treatment of affective disorder with high efficacy and safety.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mood Disorders ; surgery ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo detect the mutations of rpoB gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by pyrosequencing and to evaluate the values on detection of rifampin resistance in clinical isolates.

METHODSUsing the new technology of pyrosequencing, the mutations in the rifampin resistance determining region (RRDR) of rpoB gene were analyzed. The results were compared with those obtained from methods of the absolute concentration and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

RESULTSAmong the 150 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates, 84 were susceptible and 66 resistant to RIF. 54 of the 66 resistant isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Ser531Leu and His526Asp or Tyr, including twelve different genotypes and six codons, were the most common mutations. In the drug susceptibility testing, the accordance rates of the pyrosequencing and the absolute concentration method as well as MIC were 92.7% and 97.8% respectively.

CONCLUSIONNot only is the pyrosequencing technology a fast, sensitive and high throughput method in detecting rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but also a useful tool in the research of rifampin resistance mechanism.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Phosphoric Acids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rifampin ; pharmacology

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; pathology ; Spinal Neoplasms ; pathology

OBJECTIVEIt is to study the effect of tripterygium (TW) on the plasma IL-18 content in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and its treatment value.

METHODThe patients with LN treated with prednisone were divided into active groupand inactive group with active index. The active group was given tripterygium additionally. The changing of plasma IL-18 and release of nephritis were observed after treatment for three months.

RESULTThe level of plasma IL-18 lowered down obviously, urinary protein decreased, LN activity index, hematuria and renal function improved.

CONCLUSIONTripterygium caninhibitroduction of plasma IL-18. It has definite treatment value on controlling LN activity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; blood ; Lupus Nephritis ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; Young Adult

Background The mortality of stroke patients is strongly affected by medical complications.However,there are limited data investigating the effect of in-hospital medical complications on the dependency of stroke patients worldwide.We prospectively and systematically investigated the effect of medical complications on dependency of patients at 3,6 and 12 months after stroke using the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR).Methods This prospective cohort study collected data of patients age ＞18 years with acute ischemic stroke in 132 clinical centers distributed across 32 provinces and four municipalities (including Hong Kong region) of China,from September 2007 to August 2008.Data on medical complications,dependency and other information were obtained from paper-based registry forms.Medical complications associated with stroke outcomes were assessed using multivariable Logistic regression.Results Of 11 560 patients with acute ischemic stroke,1826 (15.80％) presented with in-hospital medical complications.In-hospital medical complications were independent risk factors for dependency of patients at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.367,95％ confidence interval (CI) 2.021-2.771),6 months (adjusted OR 2.257,95％ CI 1.922-2.650),and 12 months (adjusted OR 1.820,95％ CI 1.538-2.154) after acute ischemic stroke.Conclusion The results demonstrated that the short-term and long-term dependency of acute ischemic stroke patients is significantly associated with in-hospital medical complications in China.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of calcium folinate(CF)rescue on high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)therapy at different times.Methods Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL)who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups in line with chemotherapy order:observation group(Group A)and control group(Group B).Chemotherapy regimens included remission induction chemotherapy(VDLD),consolidation therapy(CAT),shelters to prevent(HDMTX+CF),reinduction therapy.Group A was intravenously injected HDMTX for 24 hours and then rescued by CF for 12hours.Group B was intravenously injected HDMTX for 6 hours and then rescued by CF for 30 hours.Side effects after administration of medicine were observed,in particular,the gastrointestinal tract reaction,which included nausea and vomiting,oral mucous membrane reaction,leukocyte reaction,the toxicity of the heart,liver,kidney,nerve and response durations.Results There were significant differences in both groups on response degree in the gastrointestinal tract reaction,oral mucous membrane reaction,and leukocyte reaction (P<0.01,P<0.05);while there was significant difference in response duration after chemotherapy for both groups(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the heart,liver,kidney,neurological toxicity reaction(P>0.05).Conclusions There are differences in side effects of CF rescue on HDMTX therapy at different times.Both groups could reduce the toxic reaction,but the protocol that gives HDMTX for 24 hours and then rescues by CF for 12 hours is more conducive to repair the normal tissue cell's damage,improve chemotherapy efficacy and children's quality of life,with a better clinical value.