Objective To investigate the symptoms of diarrhea and the behavior of medical treatment after diarrhea in 2013 in Tianjin City, and provid background information for the future population monitoring. Methods A stratified sam?pling method was used to investigate the symptoms, medical treatment and self medication behavior of 4028 residents in Tianjin. Results The number of people who had diarrhea in 2013 was 324, and the incidence rate of diarrhea was 8.04%. Diarrhea was mainly occurred in May-October (n=241, 74.38%). The incidence of diarrhea was the highest in 60-74 years old group, followed by 75-years old and 0-14 years old groups. The incidence of diarrhea was the lowest in 15-29 years old grouop. A total of 121 patients with diarrhea chose to go to hospital (47.08%), 78 patients chose to buy medicine for treat?ment (30.35%) and 58 patients did not do any disposal (22.57%). Among the patients with diarrhea, the highest proportion of patients chose to go to the first grade and the following medical institutions (68.59%, 83/121). There were 14.05%(17/121) and 17.36%(21/121) patients chose to go to the second and the third levels of medical institutions for the treatment. The av?erage cost for patients with diarrhea was 60 (20, 200) yuan. The purchasing expenditure median was 20 (11,50) yuan. The medical spending was more than the purchase of medicines (Z=2.412, P<0.05). The average cost of medical treatment was more higher in the second and the third levels of medical institutions than that of the first medical institution ( Z=50.709,P<0.05). The average cost of medical treatment was in turn increased for patients with diarrhea treated in Baodi county, Xiqing county, Hangu county and Heping county (Z=74.282,P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in medical expenses be?tween patients with different ages and patient with or without medical insurance. Conclusion There are high incidence of diarrhea in patients under 15 years old and patients over 60 years old. Residents suffering from diarrhea mainly choose their own medicine and the treatment in the first and following medical institutions.

Phage peptide libraries are collections of the specific length of short peptides,and they are based on phages as their carriers.They include mimotope libraries and peptide antibody libraries.Phage-displayed peptide libraries have been used to isolate specific ligands for numerous protein targets,and they have been proven useful in defining antigen momitopes,rapid determination of binding energetics at protein-protein interfaces,designing of vaccine and tumor research aspects.This review summarized the research progression of phage peptide library.

Aorta, Abdominal ; injuries ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Hemorrhage ; therapy ; Hemostasis, Surgical ; methods ; Humans ; Mesenteric Veins ; injuries ; Splenic Diseases ; therapy ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; injuries

In this paper, further study was made on the teratogenicity and the morphological teratogenesis mechanism of neural tube defects (NTD) caused by cyclophosphamide(CP). Pregnant SD rats were given single intraperitoneal injection of CP 15 mg/kg on day 13 of gestation. The fetuses were removed on day 20 of gestation, weighed and examined for external malformations. Some embryos were removed respectively at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hr after administration of CP, and examined with light microscope and electron microscope. The results showed that CP has obvious embryotoxie and teratogenic effects. Of the survivings, 97.46％ showed external malformations including encephalocele, exencephaly, opened eyes, micrognathia, limb and digital defects etc. We considered that the possible way by which CP caused the malformation on developing embryos may involve the following aspects: (1) CP caused DNA-synthesising cells to degenerate and become necrosis. (2) The cellular organelle (mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, etc.) became irregular in shape and fragmented. (3) The mesenchyme surrounding the neural tube were also damaged by CP and therefore influenced the skull ossification.

Objective To study the expression of HIF-1αand and its correlation with gastric cancer recurrence, and to identify its prog-nosis evaluation in gastric cancer recurrence. Methods 80 patients with gastric cancer recurrence after radical surgery were selected as the observation group, and 50 patients without gastric cancer recurrence 5 or more than 5 years after surgery were selected as the control group. The immunohistochemical situation and expression of VEGF of the two groups were compared, and the correlation of HIF-1αand VEGF and gastric cancer recurrence were analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of HIF-1αand VEGF were 77. 50% and 73. 75% respectively in the observation group, which were significantly higher than 12. 00% and 10. 00% in the control group. Univariate analysis showed that the related indices such as degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and TNM clinical stage were associated with VEGF expression and positive expression of HIF-1α. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that HIF-1α and VEGF was positively correlated (r=0. 458,P=0. 000). 1-year survival rate of HIF-1α-positive group was 45. 16%, and the average survival time was (8. 62 ± 2. 32) months, which was significantly lower than 77. 77% and (18. 96 ± 3. 14) months respectively in the negative group. Cox risk model analysis showed that HIF-1αand VEGF expression were high risk factors for gastric cancer recurrence. Conclusion HIF-1αand VEGF expression have a very colse correlation with gastric cancer recurrence, and it can be used as evaluation of gastric cancer recurrence and prognosis.

Purpose:To investigate the relationship between HELICOBACTER PYLORI (Hp) and gastric carcinoma, as well as the possible carcinogenic mechanism by Hp. Methods: DNEL technique and immunohistochemical staining were used in the research to study the state of apoptosis, proliferation and p53 gene expression. Total 100 gastric mucosal biopsy specimens, including normal mucosa, Hp negative and Hp positive gastric precancerous lesions as well as gastric carcinomas were studied. Results:There were several apoptotic cells in the superficial epithelium and a few proliferative cells within neck of gastric glands, and no p53 protein expression in normal mucosa. In gastric carcinoma, apoptotic cells accounted for 1.62%, while proliferative cells 4.99%, and P53 protein significantly increased. in metaplasia, the apoptotic index (AI), proliferative index (PI) and positivity of p53 expression in Hp positive group were higher than those in normal mucosa ( P

Objective To study immunologic mechanism of tiger's urine on patients of rheumatoid arthritis. Method We used ELISA method to detect TNF values of serum; we also used MTT colorimetric method to detect the inhibition of tiger's urine on T－ cell. Result TNF values of RA patient's serums at both active stage and stationary phase before the therapy were higher than those of healthy group; TNF values of patient's serums after the therapy were lower than those before the therapy; tiger's urine had obvious inhibitive action on proliferation of peripheral blood's T－ cell. Conclusion Tiger's urine could inhibit T－ cell's proliferation and TNF's secretion, which may be the important mechanism of curing RA.

篈 new diterpene,rabdonervosin A(I ) was isolated from an ethanolic extract of the leaves and stems ofRabdosia nervosa co1lected in Jiangxi,China. Its structure was established as 1Q, 69, 15Attihydroxy-6, 7-B-sec-oent-kaur-16-en-6, 20-epoxy-7, 20-8-olide on basis of spectroscopic data.

Objective To discuss the complications of the bilateral uterine artery superselective embolization for uterine fibroids. Methods Fourty one cases(mean 42 years old) with uterine fibroids were approached by right femoral artery puncture; including thirty six cases of single hysteromyoma(33 cases with diameter 10 cm), and 5 cases of multi hysteromyoma. Bilateral uterine artery super selective 5F catheterization embolization were done along uterine descending artery(neck of uterus to vagina)with PVA particles. Rdsults Embolization succeeded with 100% and effective ratio was 92.3%. Sixteen of these cases showed post embolization syndrome, with something outflowed from vagina and 10 cases showed changes of emmenia but with no serious complications in all 41 cases. Conclusion Using bilateral uterine artery superselective embolization for uterine fibroids with PVP grains can decrease the incidence of complications. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 280-282)

Objective To evaluate the application of tendency-oriented perimetry (TOP) in detecting the visual function of glaucoma. Methods The traditional threshold perimetry (Normal/Normal strategy) and TOP (TOP/Normal strategy) carried out by Octopus 101 perimetry were used to examine the visual field of 20 normal subjects (20 eyes), 32 cases (32 eyes) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and 14 cases (14 eyes) of suspected POAG, respectively. The visual field outcomes, indices, point by point threshold variability and defective points of the two perimetries were compared and analysed. Results The negative rate of TOP was 90% in normal subjects. The positive rate of TOP was 75% in POAG , and 100% in middle and late stage of POAG. The visual field indices of two perimetries were positively correlated, with mean sensitivity (MS) of r=0.9335, mean defect (MD) of r=0.9189, and loss variance (LV) of r=0.9621. The point by point threshold variability and defective points of TOP were higher than those of traditional threshold perimetry, but the difference between the two perimetries was not significant (P=0.2019, P=0.4448). Conclusion The visual field indices of TOP and traditional threshold perimetry are positively correlated. The sensitivity and reproducibility of TOP are high in detecting the visual function of middle and late stage of POAG.