Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of Mycoplasma isolates from male genitourinary tract infection for rational use of antibiotics to treat Mycoplasma infections.Methods Isolates were detected using Mycoplasma IES Test Kit supplied by Yeoman Biotech (Zhuhai) Co.Ltd.Results A total of 698 strains (30.5%) of Mycoplasma was de- tected from 2 287 samples, 563 (80.7%) of which were Ureaplasma urealyticum, 26(3.7%)were Mycoplasma hominis. Both U.urea lyticum and M.hominis were identified in 109 (15.6%) specimens.U.urealyticum isolates were most suscepti- ble to josamycin, while all M.hominis isolates were susceptible to doxycyeline and minocycline, but resistant to erythromycin, roxithromycin and clarithromycin.Conclusions The best choice to treat Mycoplasma infections is josamycin, doxycycline and minocycline.The different strains of mycoplasrna may have variable susceptibility to the same kind of antibiotic.Active cul- ture, identification, and susceptibility testing of mycoplasma can provide useful data for rational use of antibiotics.

A lipopeptide compound was isolated from the culture of Bacillus subtilis HSO121 by methods of acidic precipitation, solvent extract, fractional precipitation, adsorption and prepared thin-layer chromatography; and its molecular structure was determined by by ninhydrin assay and IR methods following the Amino analysis, MS-MS and ESI-MS. It shows that the isolated lipopeptide consists of two homologues with molecular mass 1,022D and 1,036D and bearing a cyclic structure with the amino acid sequence Leu-Leu-Asp-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu in the peptide chain, which indicates that the isolated lipopeptide falls into the analogs of surfactin.

To study the anti-inflammatory activity of glycyrrhizin acid, ligustrazine and puerarin. In the study, the liquichip-based high-throughput synchronous detection technique for 23 inflammatory factors, uniform design, comprehensive weight method were adopted to study the effect of different combined administration of glycyrrhizin acid, ligustrazine and puerarin in inhibiting the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264. 7 cells and multiple inflammatory cytokines. In the study, the uniform design table U₉ (9³) was adopted to design doses of glycyrrhizin acid, ligustrazine and puerarin. The liquichip technique was used to detect the effect of different combined administration of glycyrrhizin acid, ligustrazine and puerarin on the 23 cytokines expressed in LPS-induced mouse macrophage RAW264. 7 inflammation model. The traditional Chinese medicine component optimization software and the improved least angle regression algorithm were used to analyze the dose-effect relationship among the three components and the cytokine inhibition rate and produce the regression equation. The comprehensive weight method was applied to get the optimal dose ratio of glycyrrhizic acid, ligustrazine and puerarin with highest efficacy of 25:2:13 and verify the optimal dose ratio. The verification results were consistent with the prediction trend, indicating the accuracy of the mathematical model for predicting the experiment. The experimental results showed the multi-target and multi-level efficacies of glycyrrhizic acid, ligustrazine and puerarin and the high anti-inflammatory activity of their combined administration, which provides powerful basis for subsequent drug development.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Cytokines ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; pharmacology ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; RAW 264.7 Cells

Objective To study the survival and melanogenic potential of human melanocytes reversibly immortalized via SV40T antigen gene and Cre/loxP system in Guinea pigs. Methods The supernatants of retrovirus vector Cre-ERT2 were used to infect melanocytes which had been successfully transfected by SV40TAg gene (MCT), then the expression of Cre recombinase was induced with tamoxifen in infected cells; subsequently, the surviving cells, which were named as MCTC, were subjected to expansion culture. Guinea pigs were utilized to establish animal models of vitiligo, then MCTC and primary melanocytes were transplanted respectively into the animal models. The repigmentation at the transplanted area was observed with naked eyes successively until 3 months after the transplantation when tissue samples were obtained from implanted area and nonimplanted area of guinea pigs and subjected to Masson-Fontana silver stain and Hematoxylin-eosin stain for the analysis of melanocyte distribution and melanin deposition in epidermis. Results Repigmentation started 4 weeks after the transplantation, and dark or brown patches, which ranged in size from 0.5 to 1 cm, were observed in the implanted area 3 months after the transplantation. The repigmentation rate was of no significant difference between pigs transplanted with MCTC and those with primary melanocytes (82.5% vs 76.7%, P > 0.05). Pathological examination revealed melanin deposition in the basal layer of epidermis and some hair follicles in transplanted area. Conclusions SV40T antigen gene combined with Cre/loxP site-specific recombinase system can induce the reversible immortalization of human melanocytes, and the immortalized melanocytes have a favorable profile of biological safety and similarity in survival rate and melanogenic potential to primary melanocytes.

Decreasing trend has occurred in incidence of colorectal cancer in developed countries. A shift from left to right in location of colorectal cancer has been recognized,which may be associated with colonoscopy screening,aging population,diet structure modification,increased incidence of cancer and diabe-tes. Factors including sex,race and education may also play a role to some extent. Right-sided intestinal cancers have higher proportion of poor differentiation,terminal stage and mucinous component. Complications and second primary intestinal cancer are more common in right-sided intestinal cancers. Left-sided intestinal cancers tend to be well differentiated and at relatively early stage at diagnosis. With respect to molecular mecha-nism,right-sided cancers are associated with mismatch repair system,while left-sided cancers are related to p53 mutation. Based on the differences in clinicopathology and genetics,it′s implied that left-sided and right-sided intestinal cancers may belong to two different kind of disease. It′s suggested that attentions should be paid differently according to their respective characteristics in clinical practice and trials.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the application of antibiotics in non-surgical departments in our hospital.METHODS To make a survey of the use of antimicrobials in non-surgical departments from a total of 548 randomly selected medical records during Jan-Mar 2007,the data of reasonable use of antibacterials were obtained after evaluation and analysis.RESULTS Of the 548 patients in our study,229(41.79%)used antimicrobials.The use of antimicrobials for infection prevention was in 46 cases(20.09%),for infection treatment was in 183 cases(79.91%).From them 95 cases(41.48%)used a combination of two and more antimicrobials.The most widely used antibacterials were penicillins,cephalosporins,and quinolones.CONCLUSIONS The use of antimicrobials is generally reasonable,and meets the safe,effective,and economical goal in our hospital.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of antibiotics in our Outpatient Department during 2006-2007,and to analyze and evaluate the trend and rationality.METHODS The data about consumption quantity and consumption sum of antibiotics in our Outpatient Department during 2006-2007 were retrieved by means of computer management software in the department of pharmacy for the analysis of the clinical use of antibiotics using the method of defined daily dose(DDD).RESULTS Fluoro quinolones,cephalosporins and plant antibiotics have dominated the first places among the antibiotics used in our hospital,and the consumption of cephalosporins kept increasing year by year.CONCLUSIONS The use of antibiotics in our hospital should be further standardized to ensure the drug using safe,efficient and economic in our hospital.

OBJECTIVE To promote clinical rational use of antibiotic prophylaxis through surveying it in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department (OG) by pharmacists. METHODS Data of 223 cases using of antibiotic prophylaxis in OG were retrospectively analyzed. According to unreasonable use of antibiotic prophylaxis,the clinical pharmacists put out reasonable measures and directed treatment in succedent 206 patients. RESULTS The rate of unreasonable use of antibiotic prophylaxis in 223 cases was 100% and rate of infection after operation was 9.87%. After giving intervention,the rate of unreasonable use of antibiotic prophylaxis and infection were reduced to 3.88% and 1.46%,respectively (P

Objective To learn the effects of crude herb moxibustion combined with rehabilitation training on the recovery of pulmonary functions and quality of life of patients with stable-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) in Nanning communities. Methods Two hundred patients with stable-stage COPD, sampled from Nanning communities and used as the subjects of this study, were divided into the experiment group and the control group by the random number table method. Patients in the control group were given conventional medication and community health care education and guides;Patients in the experiment group were not only offered the same treatment as mentioned above, but treated during dog days and the coldest days of winter with moxibustion medicine cakes which were applied accurately on selected acupuncture points, together with moxibustion with moxa cone done on the cakes. Treatment was done 6 times in each course of treatment, and 2 courses were given, combined with rehabilitation training. Examination of pulmonary functions was conducted for all patients before and after the treatment and St. George′s Respiratory Questionnaires (SGRQ) were distributed to them. Results Forced vital capacity patients, forced expiratory volume in first second, the percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity of experimental group before the intervention were (2.27 ± 0.36) L, (1.56 ± 0.30) L, (44.81 ± 5.35) %, while six months after the intervention were (3.36 ± 0.42) L, (2.25 ± 0.27) L, (65.38 ±8.08)%. The difference was statistically significant (t=18.90, 16.40, 20.36, P<0.01);The above indexes of control group respectively before intervention were (2.28±0.43) L, (1.58±0.33) L, (45.17 ± 4.97) %, while six months after the intervention were (2.57 ± 0.57) L, (1.71 ± 0.35) L, (46.94 ± 8.42)%. Difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.81, 2.04, 1.70, P > 0.05). Differences between two groups before intervention had no statistical significance (t = 0.17, 0.43, 0.47, P > 0.05), and differences between two groups after the intervention were statistically significant (t=10.62, 11.62, 14.99, P < 0.01). In the experimental group,before intervention the total score of SGRQ and the part scores of symptom, the activity ability and the influence of the disease were (16.56 ± 1.76) points, (10.44 ± 1.57) points, (18.55±2.17) points, (45.73 ± 2.53) points, 6 months after the intervention the scores were (10.77 ± 1.56) points, (7.28±1.23) points, (14.33 ±1.66) points, (32.98 ± 2.35) points. The difference was significant (t=14.82-35.50, P<0.01);In the control group before intervention the total scores of SGRQ and the part score of symptom, the activity ability and the influence of the disease were (16.47 ±1.81) points, (10.39 ± 1.66) points, (18.52 ± 2.16) points, (45.79 ± 2.49) points, 6 months after the intervention the scores were (16.12 ±1.36) points, (9.89 ±1.38) points, (16.96 ±1.58) points, (42.15±2.34) points. The lower score was not obvious, there was no statistically significant difference (t=1.45-2.17, P > 0.05). Intervention before comparing differences between two groups had no statistical significance (t=0.09-0.34, P > 0.05). Intervention after comparing differences between two groups was statistically significant (t=10.88-26.22, P<0.01). Conclusions Clinically, crude herb moxibustion combined with rehabilitation training is to some extent conducive to delaying the decrease in pulmonary functions, reducing complications, and improving the quality of life of patients with stable-stage COPD.

BACKGROUND:Different mechanical stimulations may have an effect on the level of metabolism of chondrocytes, but the effect is not clear.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate expression level changes in metabolic genes that participate in cartilage cel decomposition and synthesis under compressive stress and tensile stress conditions.
METHODS:We obtained articular chondrocytes from 2-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Primary cultured chondrocytes were identified. Passage one chondrocytes received cyclic tensile stress and cyclic compressive stress of 3%and 7%, respectively, so as to measure articular changes in chondrocytes-related genes.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When chondrocytes were subjected to cyclic tensile stress of 3%, synthetic metabolic gene col agen types I and II and proteoglycan mRNA expression levels were decreased. If 3%cyclic compressive stress was applied, proteoglycan mRNA expression levels were increased, and type I col agen mRNA expression levels were decreased (P<0.001), and matrix metal oproteinase-13 mRNA expression levels were reduced (P<0.01). When strain reached 7%, cyclic tensile stress and compressive stress could lead to a general decrease in anabolism-related genes. The former could also make matrix metal oproteinase-13 mRNA expression levels increased (P<0.05). 3%cyclic compression ratio and 3%cyclic stretch made cytoskeleton become oval. These results indicated that in vitro, proper cyclic compressive stress is beneficial to maintain the growth characteristics of articular chondrocytes in rats. Smal tensile stress can decrease the synthesis ability of chondrocytes. The effect of stress may be caused by changing the cytoskeleton.