ObjectiveTo selected the safe dosage of intrathecal injection of sufentanil for preemptive analgesia in lower limb orthopaedic surgery.MethodsSelected 96 patients who ASA classification Ⅰ - Ⅱ grades undergoing elective lower limb orthopaedic surgery with subarachnoid epidural block down,they were divided into six groups by random number table and double blind method,each group of 16 cases.Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ received 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25,0 μ g/kg of intrathecal sufentanil and 2.5 ml of 0.5％ levobupivacaine.Observed and recorded the duration of block level of pain to T10,visual analog score (VAS)postoperative at 2,4,6,8,12,24,48 h,and side effects.ResultsThe duration of block level of pain to T10 of group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ was (245.6 ± 34.2),(259.3 ± 36.7),(268.9 ± 37.8),(286.6 ± 38.8),(287.7 ± 39.1 ),(228.6 ± 31.4) min.There was no significant difference between group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ (P ＞ 0.05 ),the differences of other groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with group Ⅴ,VAS of group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ at 6,8,12,24,48 h after operation was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05),and they were lower than the other three groups(P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no respiratory depression occurred after operation in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ,4 cases occurred in group Ⅴ.ConclusionThe best of effective dose of intrathecal injection of sufentanil for preemptive analgesia in lower limb orthopaedic surgery is 0.20 μ g/kg.

Objective To evaluate the information of head injury caused by the major earthquake of Wenehuan and the diagnostic value of muhi-slice spiral CT(MSCT). Methods A total of 1557 earthquake victims were hospitalized, of which head CT scan was performed in 292 eases, and abnormalities were found in 225 of them. The composition, type of injury and MSCT findings of head injury were retrospectively analyzed. Results CT abnormalities were found in 225 victims, including 66 cases of skull fracture,50 eases of cerebral contusion and laceration, 55 eases of intracranial hematoma, 16 cases of subaraehnoid hemorrhage, 16 eases of subdural collection of fluid,20 eases of foreign substance of scalp,and 2 eases of traumatic cerebral infarction. Operation was performed in 22 of them. Conclusion The incidence of head injury in earthquake was high, and most of them were not severe. The examination of MSCT was rapid, MPR and 3D images can clearly show the lesion of craniocerebral trauma. MSCT can provide more valuable information for clinical therapy in craniecerebral trauma caused by earthquake.

This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of lidamycin (LDM) and its combination with methotrexate (MTX) on lung metastasis of fibrosarcoma by bioluminescence imaging in athymic mice. A stable luciferase transfected HT-1080 cell line was constructed and the capability to establish experimental lung metastasis in athymic mice was confirmed. The optical imaging system was applied to evaluate the formation of lung metastasis in vivo. In addition, metastatic nodules were counted for the evaluation of inhibition rates. As shown, the fluorescent intensity of luciferase-transfected HT-1080 cells was colinear with the cell population and the minimal detected cell population was 100 cells/well. Optical imaging showed that the fluorescent intensity of treated group was apparently lower than that of the control. The inhibition rates of lung metastasis by LDM alone at 0.025 mg x kg(-1) and 0.05 mg x kg(-1) were 53.9% and 75.9%, respectively, while that of MTX alone at 0.5 mg x kg(-1) was 70.2%. The combination of LDM at 0.025 mg x kg(-1) and MTX at 0.5 mg x kg(-1) showed an inhibition rate of 88.7%. The coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) was 0.82. The results herein demonstrated that LDM alone had strong anti-metastasis effect on human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 and the inhibition efficacy is strengthened when combined with MTX.

A series of valproic acid salicylanilide esters were designed and synthesized based on the principle of prodrug. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Anti-tumor activities of these compounds against K562, A549, A431 cells in vitro were investigated by MTT assay and SRB assay. The results indicated that the compounds 6h-6j were found to have stronger cell growth inhibitory action than gefitinib, and comparable to niclosamide, which are worth to be intensively studied further.

Objective:To optimize 3.0T MRI diagnosis indicator in breast cancer and to select the best MRI scan program.
Methods:Totally 45 patients with breast cancers were collected, and another 35 patients with benign breast tumor served as the control group. All patients underwent 3.0T MRI, including T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), fat suppression of the T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) sequence. With operation pathology results as the gold standard in the diagnosis of breast diseases, the pathological results of benign and malignant served as dependent variables, and the diagnostic indicators of MRI were taken as independent variables. We put all the indicators of MRI examination under Logistic regression analysis, established the Logistic model, and optimized the diagnosis indicators of MRI examination to further improve MRI scan of breast cancer.
Results:By Logistic regression analysis, some indicators were selected in the equation, including the edge feature of the tumor, the time-signal intensity curve (TIC) type and the apparent diffusion coeffcient (ADC) value when b=500 s/mm2. hTe regression equation was Logit (P)=-21.936+20.478X6+3.267X7+21.488X3.
Conclusion:Valuable indicators in the diagnosis of breast cancer are the edge feature of the tumor, the TIC type and the ADC value when b=500 s/mm2. Combining conventional MRI scan, DWI and dynamic enhanced MRI is a better examination program, while MRS is the complementary program when diagnosis is diffcult.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of Kienbock's disease in patients older than 60 years of age.MethodsGender, age at onset, affected side, dominant hand, occupation, and clinical results in 7 wrist of 7 elderly patients with Kienbock's disease were investigated.ResultsKienbock's disease in elderly patients commonly was observed in the dominant hand of manual works and was found more often in women than in men. The age at onset was from 60 to 70. Although radiographic examination revealed development of carpal collapse in all patients.ConclusionThe etiologic factors different from conventional ones might have played a role in aged patients with Kienbock's disease, surgical and rehabilitation treatments are good or excellent.

BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of modern society, psychological problems in college students have been paid high attention by educatienal organizations of psychological health in China. OBJECTIVE: To probe into the influencing factors of psychological problems in college students. DESIGH: Cluster sampling 1∶2 paired observation, case-control study. SETTING: Medical College of Wuhan Polytechnic University. PARTICTPANTS: 1 200 sophomores with the age ranged 19-20 years were selected from Wuhan Polytecnic University by cluster sampling at June 2001, and 145 students with the scores of more than 3 factors greater than 3 points were screened by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) (including 9 factors of somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid and schizophrenia. The higher the grade was, the severer the symptom was) to be the psychological problem group. Subjects were selected to be the normal controls at the ratio of 1∶2 with those in the psychological problem group, whose classes, specialties and ages (the difference was less than 2 years) were similar to those of the enrolled patients. 290 students normal in the indexes of SCL-90 were taken as the matched group. Of all subjects in both experiment groups, there were 173 males and 262 females with an average age of 19.2 years. METHODS: ① The subjects in the two experiment groups were investigated of the psychological health by SCL-90 as well as the personality characteristics and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) (For Adult). The EPQ statistic software designed by the Institute for Juvenile and Children, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology was adopted to acquire the E score (introversion, extroversion), N score (nervousness), P score (psychoticism), L score (conceal) and quantity form quadrant of E-N coordinate picture, so as to define the tendencies of characters. ② The psychological problem was considered to be the dependent variable, while all relevant factors (The influencing factors of psychological problem included the understanding from parents, relationship with family members, desire for learning, personality characteristics, over-high P score, over-high/low E score, over-high/low N score) were taken as the independent variable. Single-factor Logistic regression analysis was conducted at 1:2. ③ Based on 1:2 single-factor Logistic regression analysis, the variances were selected from factors of P ＜ 0.01 together with the Logistic regression models of multifactor at 1:2 by stepwise regression method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison in the SCL-90 score between the psychological problem group and the normai control group. ② Single-factor and multivariate analysis of the relevant factors of psychological problems. RESULTS: A total of 435 enrolled students were involved in the analysis of results. ① The average score of somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid and schizophrenia in students of the psychological problem group was higher than that in the normal control group (t=-13.39, 29.64, 27.09, 26.04, 19.52, 18.13, 14.15, 18.61, 22.41, P＜ 0.01). ② Nine factors were selected in the single factor analysis after the Logistic regression analysis, including 6 protective factors of understanding from parents, relationship with family members, desire for learning, personality characteristics, E ＞ 61.5, N ＜ 38.5, while he other 3 factors (P ＞ 61.5, E ＜ 38.5, N ＞ 61.5) were risk factors. The multivariate analysis showed that factors of relationship with family members, desire for learning as well as personality characteristics were protective factors, while it was a risk factor when N ＞ 61.5.CONCLUSION: The psychological problems in college students relate to the relationship with family members,understanding from the parents, desire for learning as well as the character trait and personality characteristics.

In order to identify host factors which interact with the movement protein (MP) of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), ACLSV MP was cloned into the bait vector pGBKT7 and used to screen a cDNA library of Malus sylvestris cv. R12740-7A, which had previously been constructed by yeast two-hybrid sequencing transformation. The protein functions of the identified host factors were determined according to their gene annotations in GenBank. The result showed that the bait plasmid pGBKT7-MP showed no virulence or self-activating effect on yeast strain Y2H Gold. Sixty-nine interactor proteins were identified, which were divided into the following 10 classes according to their described functions: hydrolases; pathogenesis-related proteins; DNA binding proteins; phosphatases; ligases; proteins with catalytic activity; phenylalanine ammonialyases; peroxidases; NAD binding proteins; and proteins of unknown function. Bioinformatic analysis of gene homology suggested that phosphatases, pathogenesis-related proteins and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase A may play an important role in the interaction between virus and host. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the further study of viral pathogenesis and virus-host interaction mechanisms.
Flexiviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Malus ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Diseases ; genetics ; virology ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Viral Movement Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Objective To analyze the related immune parameters in liver transplantation recipients to help guide adjusting future immunosuppressants.Methods Fifty-three tolerant recipients after liver transplantation were included in this study.They had normal liver functions and took only one immunosuppressive drug.They were divided into the 3 ～5 years tolerance group (3Y group,n =21) (including 5 years) after transplantation,and the 5 ～ 11 years tolerance group (5Y group,n =32).Another 15 liver transplantation recipients who had twice or more recurrent acute rejections were enrolled as the RJ group and 32 age-matched healthy donors served as the HC group.The natural killer (NK) cells,B cells,memory T cells,regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the subsets were detected by flow cytometry.The plasma TGF-β level was evaluated using ELISA.Results The percentages of NK cells (3Y group 19.00 ± 0.09,5Y group 20.00 ±0.09,HC group 14.00 ±0.07,RJ group 9.00 ±0.03) and total Tregs within the CD4+ cells (3Y group 6.26 ±2.33,5Y group 4.80 ±2.21,HC group 3.04 ± 1.25,RJ group 1.09 ±0.81) in the 3Y,5Y and HC groups were significantly higher than those in the RJ group (P ＜ 0.05).The proportions of resting Tregs (3Y group 0.23 ±0.07,5Y group 0.16 ±0.02,HC group 0.07 ±0.02,RJ group 0.05 ±0.01),active Tregs (3Y group 0.56 ± 0.11,5Y group 0.42 ± 0.15,HC group 0.08 ± 0.02,RJ group 0.05 ± 0.01) and non-suppressive Tregs (3Y group 3.51 ±0.80,5Y group 3.71 ±0.41,HC group 1.44 ±0.14,RJ group 2.15 ± 0.62) increased significantly in the tolerant recipients after liver transplantation when compared with those in the HC and RJ groups (all P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences on B cells,memory T cells and TGF-β level were detected among in four groups.Conclusions The NK cells,total Tregs,resting Tregs,active Tregs and non-suppressive Tregs increased significantly in the tolerant recipients after liver transplantation.These might serve as potential biomarkers for immune tolerance.

Objective To observe the value of virtual tough tissue imaging quantification (VTIQ) in differential diagnosis of thyroid imaging reporting and data system(TI-RADS) 4 thyroid nodules.Methods A total of 185 patients with 192 TI-RADS 4 nodules were included in this study.The nodules were divided into three groups according to the maximum size as follows:Group Ⅰ,the maximum size≤0.6 cm;Group Ⅱ,0.6 cm＜ the maximum size≤ 1.0 cm;Group Ⅲ,the maximum size ＞ 1.0 cm.Shear wave velocities (SWV) of nodules were measured by means of VTIQ technique.With pathological diagnosis as the gold standard,SWV value of benign and malignant nodules were analyzed and ROC curve was drawn to assess the diagnostic efficiency.Results By the ROC curve test,at SWV cut-off values of 2.44 m/s for group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,2.49 m/s for group Ⅲ,the sensitivity were 79.0 ％,76.0 ％,88.6％,specificity were 88.6％,89.5 ％,93.7 ％,accuracy were 83.5 ％,81.8 ％,90.1％,Youden index were 0.68,0.66,0.82,respectively.Conclusions VTIQ can reflect the hardness of TI-RADS 4 nodules,the value of the differential diagnosis of such nodules is high,convenient,noninvasive and not limited by the size of nodules.