Objective To compare the clinical effect of C3F8 and air tamponade after vitrectomy for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH).Methods A total of 54 eyes of 54 patients with IMH that had undergone 23G pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling were retrospectively studied.All patients received optical coherence tomography ()CT) examination and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).They were divided into 2 groups.26 eyes in group A were filled with air and 28 eyes in group B were filled with C3F8.In group A,6 eyes at stage Ⅱ,20 eyes at stage Ⅲ,the minimum diameter (Dmin) of macular hole in 14 eyes was less than 400 μm,and in the other eyes was larger than 400 μm.In group B,10 eyes at stage Ⅱ,18 eyes at stage Ⅲ,the Dmin of macular hole in 15 eyes was less than 400 μm,and in the other eyes was larger than 400 μm.The differences of age,course of the disease,BCVA,fundus diameter,Dmin,height,index,diameter of outer retina diameter (Dord) between the two groups were not significant (P＞0.05).The basic data before surgery and the closure rate,BCVA,Dord 1 month after surgery between two groups were compared.Results At 1 month after surgery,the IMH closure rate was 100.0％ in group A and 92.9％ in group B,the difference between these two groups was not significant (P=0.491).The closure rate of eyes with Dmin＜400 μm were both 100.0％ in two groups,and the closure rate of eyes with Dmin＞400 μm were 100.0％ in group A and 84.6％ in group B.There was no statistically significant differences between two groups (P =0.480).The mean BCVA of two groups were 0.35±0.22 and 0.33 ±0.16 respectively.The mean Dord were (782.2 ± 478.0) μm and(792.1 ± 432.7) μm respectively.All cases got better BCVA (t=-7.310,-10.506;P＜0.01) and shorter Dord (t=6.704,7.770;P＜0.01).But there was no statistically significant differences between groups 1 month after surgery in BCVA and Dord (t =0.381,0.800;P =0.705,0.937).Conclusion Air tamponade after vitrectomy has the same efficacy as C3 F8 tamponade in the treatment of IMH.

In order to improve teaching lever and explore teaching approach, the feasibility study on the combination of the problembased learning method CPBL) and the lecture-based learning method (LBL) was conducted in the teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. The 2010 undergraduates in the major of clinical integrated Chinese and western medicine of five years were randomized into a PBL and LBL group and a LEL group. In the first semester, according to the basic teaching requirement, LBL was used to accomplish the teaching of basic theory. In the internship teaching section, the different teaching method was applied. In the PBL and LEL group, PEL was used, and in the LBL group, LBL was given. At the end of semester, the examination results of the theory learning and medical cases learning were evaluated. The questionnaire was summarized in the teachers and students. The final examination result of theory learning was not different significantly between the two groups (P >0. 05), but the result of medical cases learning in the PEL and LEL group was better than that in LEL group (84. 47±10. 72 vs 76. 00±9. 97, P<0. 05). The questionnaire for the students and teachers indicated that the result of PEL and LEL combined method was higher than that of LEL method (86. 27±8. 36 vs 56. 00±14. 59, P< 0. 01; 45. 89±3. 68 vs 36. 61±6. 41, P<0. 0l), indicating that the combined method of PBL and LEL is feasible in teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and the teaching outcome is superior to the simple LBL, which provides the new approach to the teaching reform.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adolescent ; Education, Medical ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Problem-Based Learning ; Students, Medical ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the effects of berberine(BBR)on the prevention of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in New Zealand rabbits.Methods AMI were conducted by ligating left coronary artery in female New Zealand rabbits.Five days after the procedure,the 28 survival rabbits were randomized into the controls(n=14)or BBR treatment group [n=14,BBR 8 mg/(kg?d)iv.].Hemodynamic studies were performed 4 weeks after the completion of treatment.Pathology study of the rabbits hearts was carried ont and matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)2 and 9 were detected by immunohistochemical analysis in the non-infarct myocardium.Results Compared with the control group,left ventricular relative weight(LVRW)and LV end diastolic pressure(LVEDP)were decreased in the treatment group 4 weeks after BBR intervention(1.55?0.12 vs 1.69?0.13,P

Objective To explore the changes of blood fat in patients with cerebral infarction complicated by metabolic syndrome (MS) receiving community path intervention treatment.Methods A total of 116 cases of cerebral infarction complicated by MS were selected and given comprehensive intervention treatment after risk assessment.Patients were divided into intervention group (60 cases) and control group (56 cases) according to their difference in compliance.Results After intervention,the total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in two groups were significantly decreased,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased.There were significant differences in intervention group before and after intervention (P＜ 0.05).Compared with those in control group,differences of all index in each time point in intervention group were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in carotid plaque integral before intervention between two groups (P＞ 0.05).The carotid plaque integral 12 and 24 months after intervention in intervention group was significantly lower than that before intervention (P ＜ 0.05).The carotid plaque integral 12 and 24 months after intervention in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group [(3.20 ± 2.01) cm vs.(4.71 ±2.87) cm,(2.98 ±2.61) cm vs.(4.60 ±2.43) cm,P＜0.05].Twelve and 24 months after intervention in intervention group,TC and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.304 and 0.317,P ＜ 0.05),TG and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.229 and 0.128,P ＜ 0.05),LDL-C and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.654 and 0.518,P ＜ 0.05),and HDL-C and carotid plaque integral was significantly negative correlation (r =-0.495 and-0.528,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For patients of cerebral infarction complicated by MS,great importance should be attached to early prevention and control of their major components so as to reduce the incidence of acute cerebrovascular recurrence and mortality.

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medical syndrome patterns of dengue fever, thus to standardize its clinical diagnosis and treatment and to enhance its therapeutic effect. Methods A prospective clinical trial was carried out in 210 dengue fever patients who were admitted from July to October of 2014. The clinical data of four physical examinations were collected and analyzed for the analysis of the distribution of syndrome patterns. Results ( 1) The traditional Chinese medical syndromes of 210 dengue fever patients were characterized by fever and aversion to cold, heaviness of limbs, poor appetite, headache and heaviness of head, abdominal fullness and discomfort, yellowish urine, yellowish and greasy fur, sluggish pulse. ( 2) The syndrome patterns of dengue fever were classified into blockage of damp-heat, disease involving both defensive phase and qi phase, heat attacking qi phase, heat attacking blood phase, toxicity invading pericardium, and sudden loss of yang-qi. The incidence of six patterns was in decreasing sequencing. ( 2) The results of laboratory examination showed that the decrease of white blood cell ( WBC) , neutrophil percentage and platelet count was obvious, and the haematocrit ( PLT) became disordered. The results of recheck showed taht the increase of calcitonin and C-reactive protein were not obvious, and the damage of vital organs was less. Conclusion Dengue fever can be classified into the damp-heat pestilence in traditional Chinese medical field. The syndrome patterns of dengue fever are dominated by blockage of damp-heat, and disease involving both defensive phase and qi phase, and correspondingly, the therapeutic methods should be focused on clearing heat, resolving dampness, and strengthening spleen.

Objective:To explore the association between religiosity and suicide ideation,in order to provide evidence for suicide prevention in the community residents.Methods:Using the data from the epidemiological sur-vey of mental disorders in Ningxia,the association between religiosity and the suicidal ideation was ana-lyzed.Logistic regression model was used to detect the associated factors.Results:Univariate statistical analysis showed that females,rural residence,residents living in plain area,illiterates and being married had higher risks of suicidal ideation (P <0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that religion affiliation (OR =0.96,95%CI:0.74-1.24),religion attendance (OR =0.82,95%CI:0.60 -1.11),religion importance (OR =1.08,95%CI:0.83 -1.40),religiosity degree (OR =0.80,95%CI:0.57 -1.12)in suicidal ideation group were not significantly differ-ent to those in the control group (P >0.05).Conclusion:The results indicate that there is no statistical association between religiosity and suicidal ideation in Ningxia community residents.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotional regulation, interpersonal relationship, self-image and impulse control instability. It is a mental disorder with high morbidity, high mortality and difficult treatment. Psychotherapy is the main treatment for this disease. However, current mainstream psychotherapy, such as dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), has certain limitations, so it is necessary to find a more convenient and effective treatment method. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), as the representative therapy of the third generation of cognitive therapy, aims to make individuals accept inevitable pain, find their own value and commit to action, and finally improve their psychological flexibility to live a meaningful life. ACT has been used in the treatment of a variety of mental disorders, and the effect is significant. By expounding the pathogenesis of BPD and the theoretical model of ACT, this paper analyzed the rationality and feasibility of ACT intervention in BPD from the pathological model and treatment model of ACT. Finally, the research results of ACT treating BPD in recent years were summarized. The results show that ACT provides a promising method for the treatment of BPD patients, however, more studies are needed to prove its use in this group and its specific mechanism.

This paper presents a description of the rules of construction and function of genome as well as evolutional relationship between organisms, and opens out the essence of life through introducing the progress in genome of model organism. The other purpose of this review is to highlight the status and function of model organism in the research of comparing genomics so as to provide the model of cycle for researches into high creature life, especially human beings life.
Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; genetics ; Genome ; Genomics ; methods ; trends ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Models, Animal

Objective To analyze the complexity of molecular structure in porcine T cell receptor gene and its similarity compared to humans.Method Based on the gene of porcine T cell receptor alpha chain ( TCRα) from the Gen-Bank database, 93 swine T cell receptor alpha chain genes ( STA) were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes, lymph nodes and spleen.Result Sequence analysis showed that STA genes all contain a domain of variable signal peptide and V, hypervariable J and conservative C.Howev-er, nucleotide sequence of STA was not completely identical with only 68.4%to 98.7%homology among genes, and had extremely sophisticated polymorphism and diversity.This was accord with the genetic structure of TCRαchain.Molecular structure, genetic evolution and classification of these genes were carried out according to the homology of TCRαgene, which all have several sites and zones of mutation on the domain of signal peptide, FR1 and CDR1, FR2 and CDR2, FR3 and CDR3.Analysis of similarity and classification of TCRαV domain(STAV)and J domain (STAJ) of Hezuo minipig u-sing IMGT/V-QUEST tools compared with those of humans found the genetic evolution relationship that was closer, and each of TRAV and TRAJ also found to have a corresponding fragment of humans, ever in 92% of similarity of TRAV be-tween swine and humans.Conclusion Our results indicate that inbred Hezuo minipig possesses genetic diversity against complicated environment of microbes in healthy status, and Hezuo minipig is suitable as an animal model for research on human immunology and diseases.

Obje:ctive To establish an optimized method to isolate, culture and identify human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in vitro and induce their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Methods The hUCMSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord by digestion with collagenase. After serial subcultivation in vitro, the stem cells were passaged. Morphologic appearance of hUCMSCs was observed under an optical microscope and atomic force microscope. The proliferation rate was measured by MTT assay. Cell cycle and surface antigens were measured by flow cytometry. The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was tested and evaluated by specific staining methods. Results The isolation of hUCMSCs by digestion with collagenase was efficient. After seeded for 24 hours, the adherent cells showed spindle shape and fibroblast cell-like shape and the size of hUCMSCs was homogeneous. The similar growth curves of passage 3 and 7 exhibited a great potential for proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that CD29, CD44 and CD105 were highly expressed on the surface of passages 3 cells, but the expression was negative for CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. After culture in inducing medium, the cells were successfully induced into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. These cells were highly positive for alkaline phosphate staining and also showed mineralization presented with von kossa staining after 4 weeks' culture induction of osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, liquid vacuoles were detected by oil red O staining after 3 weeks' culture induction of adipogenic differentiation. Conclusion An in vitro method for isolation and purification of hUCMSCs from human umbilical cord has been established. The cultured cells were composed of only undifferentiated cells and their biological properties were stable. The hUCMSCs are expected to be a new type of stem cells of tissue engineering.