Objective: To study the relationship between orthodonti c treatment and temporomandibular joint disorders(TMD). Methods: The survey tables and their corresponding database were designed with the aid of computer. The questionnaire and clinical examination were administered t o 173 cases who had received orthodontic treatment (orthodontic group), 95 case s with morphologic malocclusion and without having orthodontic treatment ( maloc clusion group) and 32 cases with normal occlusion (normal group).Symptoms and s igns of TMD were collected,the data were analyzed with the databases. Results: The survey tables and their corresponding database were se t up. There were statistically significant differences between the orthodontic g roup and malocclusion group in the distribution of anamnestic, clinical dysfunct ion and occlusion indices (P

Objectives:To analyze the influencing factors and status of hospital seeking behavior among floating population by focusing on the function of health insurance , and provide evidence to comprehensively promote tiered health care system in China .Methods:Using data from 2014 National Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey , multivariate logistic regressions were applied to analyze the influencing factors of hospital seeking behavior for inpatient care .Chi-square tests were used to analyze the different proportion of having basic medical insurance reimbursement and reasons for not having it for different hierarchical inpatient care , and T test were used to analyze the ratio of basic medical insurance reimbursement for hospital costs .Results:The proportion of hospitalization at the county level and below was 56.4%among floating population , the proportion of inflow patients being 51.5%and the rest of the hospital population being counted at a proportion of 37.9%, lower than the corresponding proportion of 72.6%among local res-idents derived from the Fifth National Health Services Survey , but this ratio was 78.9%among registered population . The multivariate logistic regression results indicated that demographic , socio-economic and flow characteristics , hospital location and reasons for hospitalization have significantly affected the migrant inpatients facilities , but health insurance did not significantly influence the hospital seeking behaviors among floating population .Conclusions:The proportion of hospitalization at the county level and below was low among migrants and this proportion presented great regional differ -ences;and medical insurance didn't play a guiding role in the diversion of the internal floating population .

Aim To observe changes of gene expression profile in rat heart , liver and brain treated with iptakalim using cDNA microarray and analyze its molecule mechanism about pharmacology and treatment. Methods ①Rats were treated with iptakalim for 14 days at a dose of 3 mg?kg-1 by gavage. Total RNA was extracted from heart, liver and brain tissues and reversely transcribed to cDNA, which were labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescent as probes and hybridized to Gene Chip (BiostarR-40s). Scan array 3 000 was used for scanning the hybridizing signals and ImageGENE 3.0 for data analysis. Data were confirmed using RT-PCR. ②Rats were randomly divided into normal control group and 4 iptakalim groups. Iptakalim was administered orally at doses of 1, 3, 9 mg?kg-1 body weight per day for 2 weeks. The last group was orally administered at a dose of 9 mg?kg-1 body weight per day for 2 weeks, and iptakalim was withdrawn for 10 days. We observe effects of iptakalim on hemodynamics parameters in anesthetized rats and changes of myocardial structure, myofilament ultra-structure after 24h at the end of the last administration. Results ① The new chemical entity iptakalim had selectivity on changes of gene expression in rat heart, liver and brain. Compared with control group, 236 genes are changed (100 increased and 136 decreased) in rat hearts and 6 transcripts (6 increased) in rat livers, there are no changes on gene expression in rat brains. ② In anesthetized rats, iptakalim at doses of 1, 3, 9 mg?kg-1 neither affected pharmacological effects on cardiovascular hemodynamics parameters nor had pathological changes on myocardial morphological and ultrastructure. Conclusion Under the same experimental conditions, the new chemical entity iptakalim has selectivity on changes of gene expression in vital organs. Iptakalim shows no side-effects on cardiac function and tissue structure.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic features of triple-negative breast cancer (TN-BC).Methods Ultrasonographic findings of 299 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively.Patients were divided into TNBC group (46 cases) and non-triple-negative breast cancer(NTNBC) group (253 cases) according to the expression of estrogen receptor (ER),progesterone receptor (PR),and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) that were determined with immunohistochemical staining.Each patient was ultrasonically analyzed.Results The ultrasonic images showed that TNBC group had a greater proportion in the mass with regular shape,clear boundary,or microlobulated relative to NTNBC group (P ＜ 0.01).Calcification was significantly less in TNBC than NTNBC (P ＜0.01).Eight (17.3％)of 46 Cases of TNBC had BI-RADS sonographic features that favored the diagnosis of a benign condition.Conclusions Some of sonographic criteria for TNBC are more likely to be associated with benign lesions,ultrasound-guided biopsy should be recommended for such lesions.

BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical experiences show that the surface roughness of dental restoration materials directly affects bacterial adhesion; in addition, the material composition and physicochemical properties are also important influencing factors. OBJECTIVE: To compare the bacterial adhesion of zirconia ceramics and nickel chromium al oy as oral materials. METHODS: Zirconia ceramics and nickel chromium al oy were respectively cut into 10 pieces of 3. 0 cm ×3.0 cm×0. 2 cm plate specimens. For each material, five pieces were subjected to surface polishing treatment, and the other five pieces were glazed. Surface roughness value of specimens was detected. Experimental strains of Streptococcus mutans was cultured on the specimen surface at 37 ℃ for 48 hours, and the amount of bacteria adhering to the specimen surface was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Surface roughness of four groups of specimens showed no difference. The amount of bacteria that adhered to the polishing specimens of zirconia ceramics was significantly lower than that of nickel chromium al oy (P < 0.05), but no difference was found in the amount of bacteria adhering to the glazing specimens of nickel-chromium al oy and zirconia ceramics. These findings indicate that zirconia ceramics has better ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion than nickel-chromium al oy, especial y after glazing.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,the diagnosis and therapy of primary pulmonary perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa). Methods One case of primary pulmonary perivascular epithelioid cell tumor diagnosed and treated in April 2010 was presented. The clinical symptoms,imaging, pathology features, treatment and follow-up record of the patient were analyzed retrospectively,and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results The patient had not special clinical symptoms and was found through the medical checkup. The imaging methods could easily find the tumor but hard to diagnose it. The final diagnosis depended on the pathologic features and immunohistochemistry techniques. Among present literatures, scarce cases of pulmonary malignant PEComa were reported. Conclusion Primary pulmonary PEComa is a very rare tumor that arises from mesenchymal tissues, especially the malignant cases. The diagnosis of PEComa mainly depends on the pathological features. Because of the uncertain biologic behavior pulmonary PEComa should be followed up closely for a long term.

Purpose: To measure the distribution of radiation dose on neighboring tissue of the mandible metallic. Materials and Methods: The stainless steel and tantalum prothesis of mandible were inserted in the phantoms. The percent radiation dose distributions of 60 Co ?-ray were measured by Lithium fluoride thermo-luminsence method. Results: Using unidirectional beam, the radiation dose was increased in the front of metallic and decreased at the back of it in 3mm thickness. Stainless steel gave higher changes than tantalum. Using opposite beams irradiation, these changes were compensated each other. Conclusion: Tantalum prothesis is advised to mandible when 60 Co is used.

Objective To evaluate the effects of applying XF-9801 type of anesthetics waste gas absorber, an activated carbon filter,to removing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and fluoride. Methods Thirty patients, undergoing general anesthesia with enflurane or isoflurane/nitrous oxide, were enrolled in this study.The gas samples were taken at the waste gas outlet of anesthetic machine,to identify the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and fluoride before and after the application of anesthetics waste gas absorber. Results Compared with those before the absorber application, nitrogen oxides and fluroide concentrations in anesthetic waste gas decreased significantly following the absorber application (P

Objective To compare the degrees of stress reaction among laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC),mini-incision open cholecystectmy(MIOC) and conventional open cholecystectomy(OC).Methods Ninety patients with gallstone were randomly divided into three groups:(LC),(MIOC) and (OC).Blood Thyroxin(T 3),throid-stimulating hormone(TSH),cortisol,insulin,glucose,white blood cell and temperature were measured and/or recorded in the perioperative period.Results The stress rection in LC was significantly lighter than that in OC,but the stress reaction degree in LC and MIOC were basic equality.Conclusion The stress reaction in LC is small than those of OC.

0.05).The cytological false negative rate was 23.58% for LSIL,17.57% for high squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL),0.00% for squamous cell cancer(SCC),and 50.00% for adeno-carcinoma(AC);the false positive rate was 14.29% for LSIL and 3.85% for HSIL.Conclusion Liquid-based cytology test is an effective method for the screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion.The high-quality cervical cell specimen is important to ensure the diagnosis accuracy.