AIM: To compare the effect of s. miltiorrhize bunge injection (SMBI) and s. przewalsii maxim injection (SPMI) on acute focal cerebral ischemia in rats, and to study the mechanism of the actions of two agents. METHODS: Acute focal cerebral ischemia model was made by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats, and cerebral infarction volume was determined quantitatively by computer microscopical image analysis instruments. MDA content in serum was determined by TBA colorimetric analysis. SOD content in serum was studied by radioimmunity method. The scavenging effect of hydroxyl radical (?OH) was measured by electron spin resonance technique (ESR). RESULTS: SMBI and SPMI could markedly reduce infarction volume after occlusion of middle cerebral artery and MDA content in serum in rats. SMBI could elevate SOD content in serum. Two injections could markedly inhibit the formation of hydroxyl radical (?OH),and the effect of SPMI was better than that of SMBI. CONCLUSION: The effects of both SMBI and SPMI are similar, and it is possible that SPMI as a satisfactory substitute for SMBI.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss drug quality management practice in medical institutions.METHODS:The status quo of pharmaceutical administration and its trend of development were analyzed based on national laws and regulations for the drug control,the contents on drug quality management practice in medical institutions were presented.RESULTS:The management system,operation criteria,record system should be formulated respectively in drug quality management of medical institutions aimed directly at drug supply and drug use.CONSLUSION:The formulation of drug quality management practice in medical institutions is essential in the efforts to ensure safety,effectiveness and economy of drug use.

The basic concept of gene therapy is to introduce a therapeutic gene into a cell, whose expression can improve to healing of wound. To achieve this goal, the suitable therapeutic gene has been selected and delivered into the reparative cell, which is becoming a focal point works about gene therapy in wound healing. There have been several different therapeutic genes and gene transfer strategies that have been used in models of wound healing. This article discusses several methods that have been used to deliver genes encoding growth factor proteins, stem cells into wounds and the advantages/disadvantages of each approach. We hope a safe vectors system to deliver the effectual transgene in wound healing.

High mobility group A1 belongs to the family of high mobility group. It is widespread in human,and involved in the physiological and pathological situations. It is overexpressed in many human cancers including haematological malignancies as the oncogene.

To explore the activities of signal transduction pathway involved in heat-stressed fibroblast in vitro. Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in Dulbecco′s modified Eagle′s medium with 5% calf serum at 5%CO 2 in a water-saturated atmosphere. Cultured cells were heated to 45℃ for 10min. Western blotting was used to detect ERK1/2 and JNK expression, and the expression of caspase-3 protein was observed by immunoflurescence technique. The results showed that the MAPKs signal transduction pathway was activated in heat-stressed fibroblasts. The expression of JNK reached the peak at 60min, then maintained up to 180min. The expression of ERKs peaked at 30min, then lowered. The expression of caspase-3 was weak at 30min after heat-stress, and became evidently strong at 60min. The signal pathway of ERKs and JNK played important roles in the changes in biologic characteristics of fibroblasts after heat-stress.

Objective To investigate the effects ofTongbicapsule on the knee joint function and the synovial fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3,-9 in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 76 patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table, 38 in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with glucosamine hydrochloride capsules, while patients in the observation group were givenTongbicapsule on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used to measure the knee joint function, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the synovial fluid levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9.Results The knee joint function in the observation group was significantly improved than that in the control group (94.74%vs. 78.95%;χ2=4.146, P<0.05). The synovial fluid levels of MMP-3 (67.58 ± 22.35 ng/mlvs.93.51 ± 27.84 ng/ml;t=4.477,P<0.01) and MMP-9 (36.24 ± 10.56 ng/mlvs.51.87 ± 12.35 ng/ml;t=5.930,P<0.01) in the observation group patients were significant lower than those in the control group after treatment.ConclusionsTongbicapsule was effective in treating knee joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis, and its mechanism may be related to its reducing the synovial fluid levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9.

Nerve agents (NAs) belong to the class of organic phosphorus compounds which are acetylcholinesterase ( AChE) inhibitors, including soman, sarin, tabun,VX, etc.NAs are extremely toxic and considered as the most danger-ous chemical warfare agents.The current standard treatment for poisoning by nerve agents consists of the combined adminis-tration of anticholinergic drugs such as atropine sulphate, AChE reactivators such as pralidoxime, obidoxime and HI-6 and diazepam for anticonvulsant effects, but oximes are therapeutic antidotes against nerve agent intoxications which exert the therapeutic purposes primarily by reactivating the NAs-inhibited AChE.In this paper, the mechanism of nerve agents, the main working procedure of anti-NAs drugs, the chemical structure of classic reactivator, the corresponding antitoxic action, in vivo and in vitro effects and metabolic kinetics are reviewed.

Objective To explore the microanatomy technique of the endoscopy-assisted extreme lateral supracerebellar infratentorial keyhole approach and clinical significance.Methods The extreme lateral supracerebellar infratentorial keyhole approach was imitated in 10 vascular perfusion adult cadaveric heads fixed in formalin,the dorsolateral mesencephalon region was dissected and observed by microscopy and neuroendoscopy from December 2012 to March 2013.Results The extreme lateral supracerebellar infratentorial keyhole approach could be fully exposed the ambient cisterns,the posteromedial tentorial incisura,the dorsolateral mesencephalon region,the trochlear nerve,the root of the trigeminal nerve,the superior cerebellar artery,the posterior cerebral artery and other important anatomical structures.The temporal lobe and parahippocampal gyrus could be exposed when the tentorial was incised.The application of neuroendoscopy could clearly reveal the trigeminal nerve and surrounding structures.Conclusion The extreme lateral supracerebellar infratentorial keyhole approach is suitable for the surgical resection in dorsolateral mesencephalon region.The application of neuroendoscopy can make up for the lack of the trigeminal nerve observed under microscopy and expand the operative field.

Objective To explore the relationship between sleep disorder and management strategies in the elderly patients with primary hypertension.Methods The sleep status of 122 elderly patients with primary hypertension was evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ).Results The mean score of PSQI was 8.34±3.81,and 63.93% (78/122) of the participants experienced sleep disorder.The most commonly used management strategy wag "problem-solving" (0.74±0.18) and "rationalization" (0.56±0.19).The management strategies were different by gender and age.The lowest score was found in the "ask-for-help" group(t=2.326,P=0.022),which was negatively related with sleep disorders (r=-0.208,P=0.022).Conclusions Intervention of management strategy in elderly patients with primary hypertension may help to improve their sleep quality.

Telomeres are protective caps located at the ends of human chromosomes. Telomeres shorten with each successive cell di-vision in normal human cells, whereas they are continuously elongated by human telomerase in over 85%of tumors. This simple and attractive difference steers the development of anticancer drugs targeting telomeres and telomerase. Many promising current telo-mere/telomerase-targeting agents, such as GRN163L and GV1001, showed good therapeutic effect both in preclinical studies and phaseⅠ/Ⅱclinical trials. These agents have even entered phaseⅢclinical trials in patients with various tumors. Most therapeutics are more effective when used in combination with standard chemotherapies. Moreover, pharmacological interference with tumor-cell telomere biology to reduce telomere length and/or telomere stability could enhance the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy. Therapeutics targeting telomere/telomerase may play a key role in radiotherapy in the era of personalized medicine in the future.