This paper aimed to investigate the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium, and clarify the confusion of its classification. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA, the chloroplast matK gene of 22 samples from some major production areas were amplified and sequenced. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed using the CodonCode Aligner. Phylogenetic study was performed using MEGA 4.0 software in accordance with the Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) model, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining methods. The results showed that the length of ITS2 sequence of the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium was 191 bp. The sequence showed that some samples had several SNP sites, and some samples had heterozygosis sites. In the NJ tree, based on ITS2 sequence, the studied samples were separated into two groups, and one of them was gathered with Isatis tinctoria L. The studied samples also were divided into two groups obviously based on the chloroplast matK gene. In conclusion, our results support that the botanical origins of Isatidis Radix and Isatidis Folium are Isatis indigotica Fortune, and Isatis indigotica and Isatis tinctoria are two distinct species. This study doesn't support the opinion about the combination of these two species in Flora of China.

Objective To assess the values of automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) for differentiating of benign and malignant breast masses.Methods A total 174 breast masses in 148 patients were subjected both to conventional handheld B-mode ultrasound (HHUS) and ABVS examinations.The masses were defined as five categories of benign,probably benign,equivocal,probably malignant,and malignant with each method.The results of ABVS and HHUS were compared with pathology.By using the definitive diagnosis and the five levels of suspicion categories,receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate their diagnostic results.In addition,the diagnostic accuracy for breast masses of futures including retraction phenomenon and hyperechoic rim in coronal plane of ABVS was evaluated.Results The area under the ROC curve of ABVS (0.927) was larger than that of HHUS (0.903) (Z =2.256,P =0.024).The specificity and the positive predictive values both reached to 100％ and false positive rate was 0 with retraction phenomenon,and the specificity and the negative predictive value were 88.89％ and 94.51％ respectively with hyperechoic rim in coronal plane of ABVS.Conclusions ABVS plays an important role in the clinical practice.The retraction phenomenon and hyperechoic rim of breast masses in coronal plane of this new modality have high specialty for differentiating malignant from benign breast masses.

Objective To investigate the correlation between intra-and peri-tumoral radiomics features and the response to con-current chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)in cervical squamous cell carcinoma,and to explore the difference of predictive performance between 2D and 3D radiomics models.Methods The imaging data of 132 patients were analyzed retrospectively and randomly divided into training set(n=92)and validation set(n=40).Radiomics features were extracted based on the dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI),the correlation analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm were used for dimensionality reduction and screening,then the radiomics score was calculated and the logistic model was constructed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,internal validation of Bootstrap and Brier score were used to evaluate the discrimina-tion and calibration of the model,and the improvement in predictive performance of 3D model compared with 2D model was evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement(IDI).Results In the training set,the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the models(2D-intratumoral,3D-intratumoral,3D-peritumoral,3D-combined)ranged from 0.774 to 0.893.The internal validation of Bootstrap showed the AUC were 0.772,0.860,0.847 and 0.888,respectively,while in the validation set,the AUC were 0.757,0.849,0.824 and 0.887,respectively.The Brier scores indicated that the models were well calibrated.In the training set and the validation set,the IDI values were 0.155 and 0.179,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The radiomics analysis based on the tumor volume can fully explore the tumor heterogeneity.The intra-and peri-tumoral radiomics combined model shows the best predictive performance,which is important to assist clinicians in developing individualized therapies.

Objective:To explore the management mode of the real-time reimbursement of testing expenses in clinical trials, dealing with the possible disadvantages of manual reimbursement and improving work efficiency.Methods:Based on hospital information system, the GCP center integrates the clinical trial information system, optimizes the trial reimbursement process, and explores a unique " clinic-GCP-finance" streamlined clinical trial real-time settlement management model.Results:This management mode of real-time reimbursement of testing expenses has been adopted for 3 years. This management model enables human subjects to complete the reduction or exemption of clinical trial-related medical testing expenses before making the payments, which is also highly praised by both investigators and subjects.It complied with informatization and technology development in the era of big data, realized full process dynamic supervision over clinical trial lab testing expenses and avoided management delay. It also had advantages in simplifying reimbursement process, reducing work load and mistakes, complying with inspection and improving trial quality.Conclusions:Clinical trial real-time reimbursement management mode of testing expenses works better in compliance with GCP, safeguards the rights and interest of human subject, and can provide a certain reference for other GCP centers.