Objective: To compare minimally invasive endoscopic thyroidectomy and traditional operation on their effects.Methods: 54 cases in aimed group accepted minimally invasive endoscopic partial thyroidectomy without air chamber;as a control,54 cases undergone traditional partial thyroidectomy.The compared indexes include bleeding volume in operation,hospitalization time,incision length,ache extent in incision,complications post-operation,and exterior inflammatory swelling on neck as well.Results: The bleeding volume in operation,hospitalization time and incision length in investigated group were markedly less than control(P

Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid. With the further researches on Glutamine, most of the studies demonstrated that glutamine supplements may reduce the severity of side effects and increases the selectivity of therapy for the tumor in oncology therapy while enhancing immune function. Glutamine supplements is safe and effective in cancer therapy, having a good application prospect.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common infectious pathogen in children and the main cause of death in children under 5 years of age.It can lead to non-invasive pneumococcal diseases such as sinusitis and otitis media, as well as invasive pneumococcal diseases(IPD) such as meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia.IPD is a serious infectious disease in children, with high morbidity and mortality.However, the incidence of IPD in children varies significantly among different ages, genders and regions.Penicillin used to be the first choice for the treatment of IPD.With the widespread use of antibiotics in clinical practice, the problem of drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to increase.The situation of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in China has been very serious, and some data show that the multiple drug resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae is as high as 88.7%.As a result, streptococcus pneumococcal vaccines have emerged as the primary means of reducing the incidence of IPD, in addition, it is effective in reducing the spread of drug-resistant strains.This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, common invasive pneumococcal disease in children, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of IPD in children.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. METHODS:The study quarterly count the dosage of carbapenems,the department distribution of cultured K. pneumonia (271 strains) during Oct. 1st 2013-Sept. 30th 2014,and it’s resistant rates to carbapenems and then investigate the correlation of dosage of carbapenem and drug-resistance of K. pneumoniae. RESULTS:Carbapenem drugs are mainly used in these departments,such as neurosurgery department,ICU and the departments of transplantation and respiratory. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumonia was also detected in these departments. More-over,with the usage of carbapenem increased by from 64.24% to 360.63%,and the resistant rates of K. pneumonia increased by nearly 10%. CONCLUSIONS:The resistance rates of K. pneumonia is positively related to the amount of carbapenem;the amount control of carbapenems can delay the generation of K. pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of peripheral arteriosclerosis in elderly males and to discuss corresponding nursing strategies. Methods 65 patients were divided into the peripheral arteriosclerosis group (the experimental group, 38 patients) and the nonperipheral arteriosclerosis group (the control group,27 patients) according to echocardiographic diagnosis. Questionnaires were designed to record factors such as age, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, primary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, blood pressure, height and body weight. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Results Hypertension course was much longer and proportion of patients with hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease and smoking index, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C levels were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group. Conclusions Nursing care should be carried out from psychological, life style, medication and health education perspectives in elderly males with peripheral arteriosclerosis, aiming at improving their quality of life.

OBJECTIVE To analyze and review the antibiotics utilization for the perioperative inpatients in our orthopedics department,and to evaluate the rationality of the utilization.METHODS Totally 267 cases of inpatients receiving operations from Sep to Nov,2008 were selected in our orthopedics department,then the methods of drug use review and drug frequency analysis were applied to analyze and review the effects of antibiotics utilization with retrospective statistics.RESULTS All of the 267 inpatients have taken antibiotics,of which the cephalosporins were the most frequently used.The antibiotics commonly used were cefminox,cefmetazole,and cefuroxime.The antibiotics of the highest daily defined dose(DDD) costs and total costs were cefamandole,flomoxef,etc.The average days of antibiotics utilization for clean operations,clean-contaminated operations,and contaminated operations were 7 days,8 days,and 9 days,respectively and 86% of the patients were antibiotic combination usage.CONCLUSIONS There is inappropriateness in the antibiotics utilization during perioperations of orthopedics.Guidelines of drug use must be followed to improve the drug usage.

Objective: To explore behavioral problems of deaf students.Method:138 students (92 boys and 46 girls) were investigated and assessed by EMBU, the inventory for family backgrounds and Rutter Children Behavior Checklist, and their academic achievements were evaluated by their semester exams.Result:The detected rate of behavior problems was 61.6% by the teacher checklist. The correlation analysis showed that behavior problems in deaf students (especially in boys) correlated moderately with age, sex, academic grades, part of factors in EMBU and education (r=0.35～0.55,P

[Objective] To explore the relationship between TCM syndrome patterns and physicochemical parameters of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [Methods] Five hundred hospitalized cases of COPD were investigated. The correlation of TCM syndrome patterns with pulmonary function, blood analysis and biochemical indexes were assayed by logistic forward regression analysis and linear multiple regression analysis, and then the above indexes were analyzed by independent- samples t test. [Results] Five equations were obtained by logistic regression. Positive correlation was found between the number of white blood cells (WBC) and the pattern of phlegm-heat blocking lung, hemoglobin (HGB) level and the pattern of yang deficiency with fluid retention, as well as red cell distribution width (RDW) and the pattern of kidney deficiency. Maximal expiratory flow rate in residual 75 % vital capacity ( MEF75), peak of expiratory flow (PEF) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were negatively correlated with the pattern of yang deficiency with fluid retention. Maximal expiratory flow rate in residual 25% vital capacity (MEF25) and granulocyte percentage (GP) were also negatively correlated with the pattern of spleen deficiency. So did potassium ions (K+ ) level and the pattern of kidney deficiency, t test showed the same results. [Conclusion] The above indexes have great value for TCM syndrome differentiation of COPD.

Objective To explore the effect of different processes on the contents of active ingredients in Rhizoma Corydalis. Methods Processes of vinegar-boiling, vinegar-frying and alcohol-frying were used to fresh corydalis, boiled corydalis and purchased corydalis. Then the method of extraction by ultrasound with water and by reflux with methanol were used to extract the sample. The contents of Protopine, Tetrahydropalmatine and Dehydrocorydaline in corydalis was determined by RP-HPLC. Agilent TC-C18 (25 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column was used at 35 ℃, with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphonic acid (pH 5.3 with triethylamine) (28∶72) as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. Results In the sample extracted by water, the contents of active ingredients in processed products were higher than in corydalis. And in the sample extracted by methanol, it also has the tendency that the contents of active ingredients in processed products were higher than in corydalis. The content of Dehydrocorydaline in fresh corydalis which was processed by vinegar-boiling, vinegar-frying and alcohol- frying was high. The content of Tetrahydropalmatine in purchased corydalis which was processed by water-boiling at production place was high. Conclusion The method of determining active ingredients in Rhizoma Corydalis was established. It was convenient and the result was accurate. The process technology that fresh corydalis was boiled by water and then processed or fresh corydalis was processed in production place can be used.

Objective To analyze the clinical,endocrinal and genetic features of 46,XX male syndrome. Methods Retrospectively collect and analyze the clinical data of 4 cases of 46,XX male sex reversal syndrome. Results Four patients were all sociopsychologically males.Among them,2 cases had cryptorchidism,3 hypospadia and 1 severe chordee with short urethra.Neither ovary nor uterus was detected through B ultrasonography or surgical exploration.Assessment of serum sex hormone suggested hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.Genetic detection indicated 46,XX karyotype as normal female's type. Conclusions 46,XX male has nearly normal male phenotype otherwise with testes dysgenesis and most are infertile.The target of treatment is to correct the urinogenital malformation and to compensate hormone defect with androgen.