Objective To investigate the cause of urethral stricture after resection of prostate.Methods 16 cases with urethral stricture after TURP or open surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia from December 2010 to December 2014 were readmitted,and their data were analyzed retrospectively.Results According to their conditions, patients with bladder neck stenosis were treated with bladder neck wedge resection or incision of the bladder,and patients with urethral stricture were treated with urethral dilation or internal urethrotomy.2 cases were still with ure-thral stricture and need further treatment,14 patients were cured.Conclusion Bladder neck contracture and urethral stricture were the most common causes,the appropriate measures should be combined with the cause,thus contributing to early recovery in those patients.

Fifteen cases with atrial myxoma in our hospital from May 2001 to Dec 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients presented with a variety of symptoms mimicking mitral valve disease,including palpitation, shortness of breath and activity intolerance.Pulmonary and systemic embolizations occurred in three patients and sudden syncope in one.Radiograph and echocardiography can help to reveal atrial myxoma.Definite diagnosis was made based on histological examinations.In 6 months - 6 years'follow-up one case recurred.Surgical treatment should be prompted once diagnosis established.Tumor pedicle must be completely removed to prevent recurrence.

Objective To determine the value of MR cholangiography(MRC)in the preoperative evaluation of biliary anatomy of living liver donors.Methods Fifty eight consecutive donors underwent MRC examinations and living liver transplantation.MRC was performed on a 1.5 T scanner with breath-hold rapid acquisition of T_2WI slab and breathing-gating 3D FSE T_2WI.Images of MRC and IOC were compared and classified according to the modified Huang's classification.Results Thity four(58.6%)liver donors showed normal biliary anatomy on IOC,and 24(41.4%)donors revealed variant bile anatomy.MRC correctly depicted biliary anatomy in 91.4%(53/58)donors.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRC in distinguishing normal and difierent types of variant biliary anatomy were 83.3%(20/24),100%(34/34),100%(20/20),89.5%(34/38)respectively.Conclusion MRC can accurately assess the biliary anatomy in living liver donors and may guide the preoperative planning of liver transplant.

The pathologic grading and clinical staging systems have some restrictions for the evaluation of the prognosis of prostate cancer.Early detection of prostate cancer with clinically sensitive diagnostic methods and / or tumor specific markers is of prime importance.Recently,close attention has been paid to the effects of genes related to apoptosis and tumor suppressor genes on the development,progression and prognostic value of prostate cancer.The importance of enzymes/proteins and hormone receptors have also received more and more emphasis in the studies of prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate the factors associated with postoperative recurrence of benign thyroid nodules and its retreatment. Method A retrospective analysis was made on the pathologies, operative indications, and the types of operations in 51 postoperative recurrent cases with benign thyroid nodules in a poriod of 18 years. Result The recurrences were associated with the pathology, number of nodules, the indications and types of primary surgery. Among the 51 cases there were 29 cases with nodular goiter and 22 cases with thyroid adenoma. 21 patients had had simple nodular resection, 16 patients had partial lobe resection, 9 patients had subtotal thyroidectomy and 5 patients had thyroid lobectomy. Among 38 cases receiving reoperation, 19 cases had lobectomy, 3 cases had lobectomy plus opposite subtotal thyroidectomy, 7 cases had subtotal thyroidectomy and 9 cases had bilateral subtotal thyroidectomies without serious postoperative complications. 32 cases were followed up after secondary operation with an average period of 7 years, among which 1 case with multinodular goiter had recurrence. Conclusion Strict restriction on thyroidectomy for patients with mutinodular goiter and giving up simple nodular enucleation could help reduce postoperative recurrence of benign thyroid nodules.

Objective To evaluate the right ventricular global and regional strain and strain rate in patients with metabolic syndrome(MS) by two‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging(2D‐STI) ,and explore the correlation between different MS criteria and global strain and strain rate of right ventricle . Methods Forty‐four MS subjects ,35 pre‐MS subjects and 40 healthy subjects were enrolled . The basal ,middle and apical systolic longitudinal peak strain( Ss) and strain rate( SRs) ,early diastolic and late diastolic peak strain rate(SRe ,SRa) of right ventricular free wall were measured using 2D‐STI and global strain and strain rate ( GSs ,GSRs ) ,early diastolic and late diastolic peak strain rate ( GSRe ,GSRa ) of right ventricle were calculated . The correlation between different MS criteria and GS ,GSR of right ventricle were analyzed . Results Compared with control group ,Ss ,SRs ,SRe and SRa in basal and middle segments in MS group and Ss ,SRs in basal segment in Pre‐MS group decreased( all P < 0 .05) . Ss and SRs in basal segment in MS group were significantly lower than those in Pre‐MS group(all P <0 .05) . Compared with control group , GSs ,GSRs ,GSRe and GSRa in MS group and GSs ,GSRs in Pre‐MS group decreased ( all P <0 .05) . GS and GRS in MS group and Pre‐MS group had no statistical significance( all P > 0 .05) . There were good correlation of waist circumference(WC) ,systolic blood pressure(SBP) ,fasting blood‐glucose with GSs( r =-0 .73 ,-0 .69 ,-0 .46 , P < 0 .01) and GSRs( r = -0 .63 ,-0 .78 ,-0 .48 , P < 0 .01) . The multiple regression analysis of MS criteria showed that waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with GSs and GSRs of right ventricle(β= -0 .44 ,-0 .77 , P <0 .01) . Conclusions 2D‐STI could accurately assess right ventricular global and regional function in MS patients .Among all MS risk factors ,waist circumference and systolic blood pressure are the most responsible for right ventricular function .

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression (HIF-1α) on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway-mediated rat lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI).Method Forty-five S-D rats were randomly divided into Sham group,LIRI group,LIRI+ TLR4-activated group,LIRI+ TLR4-inhibited group,LIRI + ASK1-inhibited group,LIRI + p38-inhibited group,and LIRI + HIF-1α-inhibited group.The interaction between TLR4 signaling pathway [including TLR4,myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88),TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-βTIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF),Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and p38] and HIF-1α and the role of TLR4-dependent HIF-1α in LIRI in vivo were analyzed.Result In LIRI,HIF-1α accumulation was induced in a TLR4-dependent fashion,and MyD88,but not TRIF,and activation of ASK1 and P38 were found to be critical for TLR4-mediated HIF-1α accumulation.HIF-1α protein played a critical role in TLR4-mediated lung injury of LIRI.HIF-1α up-regulated TLR4 expression in LIRI in a positive feedback manner.Conclusion We identify that HIF-1α has a damaging effect on TLR4 signaling pathway-mediated LIRI and TLR4-HIF-1 may synergistically involved in the development of LIRI.Therefore we suggest that the interaction between them may represent a novel therapeutic target for the development of novel target-based therapies of LIRI.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Feiji Formula, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on lung cancer metastasis in mice. METHODS: The lung cancer metastasis model of mice was established in this experiment study. Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into three groups: untreated group, cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group. Mice in the Feiji Formula group were treated with Feiji Formula decoction; in cisplatin group, with cisplatin by intraperitoneal injection; and in the untreated group, with normal saline (NS). After twenty-day treatment, the body and tumor weights as well as the number of metastatic tumors in both lungs of each mouse were measured. RESULTS: The body weight of mice in cisplatin group was significantly less than that of Feiji Formula group and untreated group (P<0.01); the tumor weight of mice in cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group was markedly lower than that of untreated group (P<0.01); and the number of metastatic tumors in cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group was markedly lower than that of the untreated group (P<0.01), no significant difference between the Feiji Formula group and cisplatin group in terms of the weights and the numbers of metastatic tumors in bilateral lungs. CONCLUSION: Feiji Formula can suppress tumor growth and decrease the number of lung metastatic tumors in the mice, and maintain the body weight of the mice.

Objective To investigate the vascular compliance markers (C1 and C2) and pulse wave velocity in relative with other physiological indexes in a cohort of young normotensive people in Beijing. Methods Two hundred and seventy normotensive volunteers (112 men and 158 women aged 16 to 30 years) were invovled,completed questionnaires of demographic information. Large (C1) and small (C2) arterial compliance were derived from arterial pulse wave contour analysis. Pulse wave velocity(carotid-femoral PWV and carotid-radial PWV)was determined by Complior SP. Results In both male and female C1 correlated positively with height and weight,and negatively with systolic(SBP),mean arterial blood pressure(MAP),pulse pressure(PP),and heart rate(HR),in which PP showed the best correlation with C1;C2 was inversely related with SBP,diastolic blood pressure(DBP),MAP and HR,in which SBP showed the best correlation with C2;cfPWV correlated positively with DBP and age,crPWV correlated positively with age,DBP,height and weight. Conclusion Blood pressure,heart rate were the important influential factors of large and small arterial compliance in both males and females,while diastolic blood pressure was determinant for pulse wave velocity.

Objective To observe the changes of arm equilibrium pressure (Parm) in different occlusion time,the reference range of Parm in hemodynamic stable patients,and to explore the relationship between Parm and systemic hemodynamic parameters.Methods Mechanically ventilated postoperative abdominal surgery patients who admitted to ICU with stable hemodynamic status were enrolled.After hemodynamic data were recorded,arm stop-flow maneuvers were performed to measure Parm.At 10,20,30,40,50,60 seconds after occlusion,arterial pressure were measured twice within 5 minutes and recorded as the average value.Results Thirty patients were included.The Parm decreased gradually with the prolongation of the occlusion time.The value was not stable within 60 s,but the reducing extent was not obvious after 40s.The 95％ reference range of Parm 30 S was 23-44 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) and Parm 60 S was 19--35 mmHg.Parm at 30 s and 60 s were positively correlated with systolic arterial pressure,diastolic arterial pressure,mean arterial pressure,central venous pressure (all P ＜ 0.001),but not heart rate and pulse pressure.Linear regression analysis showed that Parm at 10 s,20 s,30 s only had linear correlation with diastolic arterial pressure (10 s,β =0.504,P =0.001;20 s,β =0.297,P =0.005;30 s,β =0.231,P =0.015),and Parm at 40 s,50 s,60 s were linear correlation with diastolic arterial pressure (40 s,β =0.220,P =0.004;50 s,β =0.210,P =0.004;60 s,β =0.213,P =0.004) and central venous pressure (40 s,β =0.516,P =0.018;50 s,β =0.513,P =0.01;60 s,β =0.472,P =0.023).Conclusion In mechanically ventilated postoperative abdominal surgery patients with stable hemodynamic status,Parm decreases when occlusion time is prolonged,which is not stable within 60 s occlusion.Arterial blood pressure and central venous pressure are positively correlated with Parm.