Objective To investigate superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in peripheric blood of type 2 diabetic patients(NIDDM) complicated with diabetic nephropathy(DN) and SOD alteration after insulin treatment.Methods Three groups of individuals were selected.Group A included 46 cases of NIDDM patients with DN.Group B included 43 cases of NIDDM patients with stable blood sugar.Group C included 40 cases of normal individual.Xanthine enzyme method was used to test SOD.Results The total SOD(T-SOD),CuZn-SOD,Mn-SOD in group A,B and C were 94 7?10 7,58 3?6 2 and 36 4?4 3;101 6?9 3,61 5?5 6 and 39 6?3 7;104 4?8 9,63 7?5 3 and 40 7?4 1;respectively.The SODs level in group A were significant lower than those in group B and group C(P

Objective To summarize the expreiences of management of triplet and quaternion pregnancy mothers and their in our hospital. Methods The clinical data of seven cases of multiple pregnancy (6 case of triplet and 1 case of quaternion) in our department from 1992 to 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All seven patients had middle or severe anemia and hypoproteinemia in second and third trimester. The preterm sign happened in 2/3 cases in 32-36 gestation weeks. The patients were admitted in hospital in 27-34 gestation weeks because of obstetric complication. 6 triplet cases delivered during 35th-37th gestation weeks, except the quaternion one delivered at 33 gestation weeks. There were 22 newborns in those cases, the all babies Apgar's scores were above 9, the birth weights of all babies were above the 3th percent of Chinese singleton gestation and newborn estimated curves, and the birth weights of half babies were above the 10th percent position. Conclusion The key points for managing the multiple pregnancies, especially larger than 3 babies were the following ⑴All pregnant women had a good prenatal care. ⑵Pregnant women rested well, anemia must be corrected, and the adequate nutrition was supplied, especially in third trimester. ⑶Using ultrasound to determine the cervix length and evaluate the risk of preterm delivery, when the preterm delivery sign happened, the inhibiting drugs must be used cautiously and rationally. ⑷ After the antenatal dexamethasone therapy was applied around 36 gestation weeks, selective cesarean section was preferred to deliver the babies. If good prenatal care can be applied, a good outcome for triplets and quaternion can be achieved, close to that of same gestation weeks singleton.

Fifteen cases with atrial myxoma in our hospital from May 2001 to Dec 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients presented with a variety of symptoms mimicking mitral valve disease,including palpitation, shortness of breath and activity intolerance.Pulmonary and systemic embolizations occurred in three patients and sudden syncope in one.Radiograph and echocardiography can help to reveal atrial myxoma.Definite diagnosis was made based on histological examinations.In 6 months - 6 years'follow-up one case recurred.Surgical treatment should be prompted once diagnosis established.Tumor pedicle must be completely removed to prevent recurrence.

The evolving practice of precision medicine allows physicians to make disease treat-ments and prevention decisions based on a patient's individual genetic and molecular profile.In recent years,gene sequencing and related techniques are becoming more affordable and more accessible to healthcare providers,and their use in various medical fields continues to expand.In particular,there are numerous opportunities for the use of precision medicine in the perioperative setting.For example, individual polymorphisms in alpha and beta adrenergic receptors can improve the efficacy of beta blockade,or predispose a patient to adverse drug reactions including hypotension and bradycardia. Likewise,particular polymorphisms in opioid receptors can increase or decrease the effectiveness of various opioid medications for achieving adequate postoperative analgesia.In addition,mutations in the cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6)enzyme can drastically affect the clinical response to a particular subset of beta blockers and opioids by accelerating or decelerating their metabolism and clearance. Preoperative genetic testing would allow anesthesiologists to identify these and other relevant molecu-lar characteristics in their patients,and choose appropriate perioperative therapies accordingly in order to maximize clinical outcomes while minimizing the incidence of adverse events.It is the time for anes-thesiologists and perioperative care providers to practice precision medicine.

Due to its effectiveness and specificity,RNA interference (RNAi) technology is widely used in the treatment of tumor,viral infectious and metabolic diseases.Noninvasively tracing the delivery of therapeutic RNA molecules in vivo and evaluating the therapeutic effects are important to promote the clinical application of RNAi technology.Molecular imaging allows noninvasive visualization of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in vivo.It can be used to monitor the biodistribution of therapeutic RNA molecules and to assess the effects of the RNAi.This article reviews the advance of molecular imaging in monitoring the delivery of RNAi molecules and evaluating the therapeutic effects of RNAi.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that stability of artificial joint prosthesis is highly correlated with medullary cavity matching.However, whether medullary cavity appearance and diameter changes with age, ultimately affecting prosthesis and medullary cavity match remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of age on femoral medullary cavity morphology and geometric parameters, and observe medullary cavity changes with age so as to guide prosthesis selection and operation and improve long-term survival of prosthesis.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Comparative observation of morphology. The experiment was performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from August 2007 to April 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 100 healthy female and male people were selected from Orthopedics Outpatient Department.Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.METHODS: All patients underwent a left full-length femoral CT scanning, 150 kV, 100 mA. The images were reconstructed and measured at the PICKER 2000 Voxel Q station.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The contents of 36 data collected from the patients included general information of the patients,the external parameters of femur, radius-length parameters of femoral medullary cavity and morphological parameters of femoral medullary cavity.RESULTS: Among all femoral parameters, the site of isthmus altered significantly with aging (P< 0.05). The anterior and posterior cortical thicknesses of isthmus and medullar anteroposterior diameters of isthmus changed significantly with age in female group (P < 0.05), but were not changed significantly in male group (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: As for the prosthetic design, the shape design of prosthesis needs not to change with aging for male or female. Properly lengthening the femoral stem will help to get best fit of prosthesis. Proximally fixed femoral prosthesis seems to have superiority theoretically for elderly female patients.

OBJECTIVE:To establish scientific and rational management of second kind psychotropic drugs.METHODS:The account book of second kind psychotropic drugs was set up according to specification of narcotic drugs and first kind psychotropic drugs.Daily radix management was carried out by exclusive person,account book and counter,as compared with traditional management.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:In this management method,checking time was decreased to 20 min from 50 min.The rate of consistency between account and drug was up to 98% from 95%.The method is superior to traditional one.

AIM:To investigate whether the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) causes senescence of C2C12 myo-blasts and the relationship between senescence and histone deacetylase 2(HDAC2).METHODS: Murine C2C12 cells were induced to differentiate into myoblasts.The HDAC2 activator and inhibitor were used to investigate the effects of CSE in the myoblasts on cell senescence and the expression of HDAC2.The expression of HDAC2 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively, and the positive cell rate of β-galactosidase staining for cell senescence was also detected.RESULTS:The optimal concentration of CSE was 60 mL/L and the intervention time was 24 h.After the intervention of CSE, the positive cell rate ofβ-galactosidase staining was increased, accompanied with the reduction of HDAC2 expression at mRNA and protein levels.The expression of HDAC2 at mRNA and protein levels was increased by 4, 5, 6, 7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB), accompanied with the reduction of positive cell rate ofβ-galacto-sidase staining.Furthermore, when HDAC2 expression at mRNA and protein levels was reduced by HDAC2 inhibitor valp-roic acid, the positive cell rate of β-galactosidase staining was increased.CONCLUSION: CSE promotes the senescence by reducing the expression of HDAC2 in C2C12 myoblasts.

Objective To evaluate the clinicopathological features,treatments and prognostic factors of male breast cancer (MBC) patients.Methods Clinical data of 102 MBC patients with histopathology confirmation at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 102 cases got follow-up.The follow-up rate was 100％.The follow-up period was 3-279 months.The mean follow-up period was 65 months.During the follow-up period,recurrence was found in 21 cases,metastasis occurred in 28 cases (including pulmonary metastasis in 8,osseous metastasis in 7,hepatic metastasis in 9,brain metastasis in 3,and soft tissues and adrenal gland metastasis in 1).The 5-year disease free survival rate was 54.3％ and the 5-year overall survival rate was 72.8％.Univariate analysis showed that tumor size,axillary lymph node status,TNM stage,chemotherapy influenced the disease free and overall survival.Multivariate Cox regression shows that axillary lymph node status (P =0.085)was the independent prognostic factor of disease free survival for MBC.Tumor size(P =0.041)and axillary lymph node (P =0.024) status were independent prognostic factors of overall survival for MBC.Conclusions Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategy consisting of radical mastectomy is essential to improve the survival of patients with MBC.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression (HIF-1α) on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway-mediated rat lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI).Method Forty-five S-D rats were randomly divided into Sham group,LIRI group,LIRI+ TLR4-activated group,LIRI+ TLR4-inhibited group,LIRI + ASK1-inhibited group,LIRI + p38-inhibited group,and LIRI + HIF-1α-inhibited group.The interaction between TLR4 signaling pathway [including TLR4,myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88),TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-βTIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF),Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and p38] and HIF-1α and the role of TLR4-dependent HIF-1α in LIRI in vivo were analyzed.Result In LIRI,HIF-1α accumulation was induced in a TLR4-dependent fashion,and MyD88,but not TRIF,and activation of ASK1 and P38 were found to be critical for TLR4-mediated HIF-1α accumulation.HIF-1α protein played a critical role in TLR4-mediated lung injury of LIRI.HIF-1α up-regulated TLR4 expression in LIRI in a positive feedback manner.Conclusion We identify that HIF-1α has a damaging effect on TLR4 signaling pathway-mediated LIRI and TLR4-HIF-1 may synergistically involved in the development of LIRI.Therefore we suggest that the interaction between them may represent a novel therapeutic target for the development of novel target-based therapies of LIRI.