Objective To observe the postoperative analgesia effect of ultrasound-guided trans-versus abdominis plane block (TAP)in patients received lower abdominal surgery.Methods Ninety patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into group A (received TAP), group B (received patient controlled intravenous analgesia with sulfentanil),and group C (received patient controlled epidural analgesia with sulfentanil and ropivacaine)for postoperative analgeda.All patients received combined spinal and epidural anesthesia.VAS score at postoperative 2,4,8,16 and 24 h,as well as the side effects related to postoperative analgesia,were observed and recorded for each patient.Results Comparing with group A,VAS scores of group B at postoperative 2,4,8,16 and 24 h were obviously higher (P< 0.05);Comparing with group A,VAS score of group C at post-operative 24 h was obviously lower (P< 0.05).Comparing with group A,nausea and vomiting,pru-ritus,and somnolence were more obvious in group B (P < 0.05);nausea and vomiting,sensory and motor abnormality of lower limbs and urinary retention occurred more frequently in group C (P <0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TAP can effectively relieve postoperative pain 24 hours,and has no obvious side effect in patients received lower abdominal surgery.

Acetylcholinesterase is an important target for anti-Alzheimer's disease now.Much attention has been paid to the development of tacrine dimeric or hybrid compounds.The design strategy is transforming merely interacting with the two binding sites of acetylcholinesterase to get more activity and selectivity into the multi-target-directed function for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Herein,the tacrine dimeric or hybrid compounds development and the prospect for the treatment of AD have been reviewed.

With the continuous development in microfluidic fabrication technology, microfluidic analysis has evolved from a concept to one of research frontiers in last twenty years. The research of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors based on microfluidic devices has also made great progress. Microfluidic technology improved greatly the analytical performance of the research of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors by reducing the consumption of reagents, decreasing the analysis time, and developing automation. This review focuses on the development and classification of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors research based on microfluidic devices.

ObjectiveThe expression and significance of interleukin(IL)-17 in a murine model of experimental systemic sclerosis(SSc) was studied and its correlation with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) was explored.Methods Thirty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including a control group, bleomycin(BLM) injection for 4 weeks group(model 1 group) and a termination injection of BLM 4 weeks group(model 2 group).The pathological changes of skin and lung were detected.The mRNA expressions of IL-17A,RORγt,TGF-β1 mRNA were evaluated by real-time PCR.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of IL-17 and TGF-β1 in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).Comparisons among groups were performed by variance analysis.ResultsSkin and lung of the model groups showed evident inflammatory cell infiltration and increased deposition of collagen fibers.The score of dermal inflammation and lung fibrosis was significantly higher in the model 1 and model 2 groups (2.5±0.8,3.0±1.8), (2.4±0.8,3.1±1.2) as compared to that of the control group (0.9±0.7,0.9±1.0),(F=12.19,8.367,25.11,4.641; all P＜0.05).The amount of hydroxyproline was markedly increased in the model groups than in the control group.Compared with those of the control group,the mRNA levels of IL-17A,RORγt,TGF- 31 in the skin and lung of the model 1 group were higher.The levels of IL-17 in serum and BALF of the model 1 group was significantly increased and the levels of TGF- β1 were increased in BALF and decreased in the serum (all P＜0.05).The mRNA levels of IL-17A in skin and lung had a positive correlation with the mRNA levels of TGF- β1,score of dermal inflammation and lung fibrosis.The levels of IL-17 in serum had a positive correlation with hydroxyproline of the skin and lung.ConclusionIL-17 may participate in systemic immune-mediated inflammation and changes of skin and lung in SSc and when combined with TGF-β1 togetter will cause damage to skin and lung in SSc.

Background and purpose:Primary malignant melanomas of the uterine cervix and vagina are rare neoplasms with very poor prognosis. This article aimed at investigating the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and prognosis of primary malignant melanomas of the cervix and vagina. Methods:The clinical data of 51 patients with primary malignant melanomas of the cervix and vagina treated at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from Dec.1998 to Jul. 2011 were reviewed. Results:The 2-and 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 32.8%and 13.1%, respectively. The 2-and 4-year overall survival (OS) rates were 67.2%and 39.8%, respectively. Three patients survived more than 5 years. Twenty-nine (56.9%) patients had a recurrence. The common sites were vaginal stump/pelvis (10 patients, 34.5%), liver (4 patients, 13.9%), lung (3 patients, 10.3%), bone (3 patients, 10.3%) and vulva (3 patients, 10.3%). Larger tumor size and lymphovascular space invasion were the independent predictors of poor OS (P<0.05). Pelvic lymph nodes metastases were associated with shorter PFS (P=0.05). Among them, those who received combined immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy achieved longer median time to progression (TTP) (17 months) compared with patients who had chemotherapy alone (9 months) or immunotherapy alone (11 months). Conclusion:Primary melanomas of cervix and vagina have a very poor prognosis. The multidisciplinary treatment of combining surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy can improve the patients’ prognosis.

It was shown that Cholagogic and litholytic capsule(CLC) increased the rat's bile secretion by 23%,prevented the gallstone formation in guinea-pig significantly(p

Objective To describe the effects of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis on patients with bronchial inflammation by comparing the bronchial inflammation characteristics . Methods All patients enrolled in the study were categorized into two groups according to rhinitis diagnostic criteria , 377 cases in the allergic rhinitis ( AR) group, 262 cases in non-allergic rhinitis ( NAR) group and another 264 patients without rhinitis as control group .Induced sputum differential cytology tests , exhaled nitric oxide concentration measurements and methacholine bronchial provocation tests were performed .The characteristics and differences in lower airway inflam-mation among the three groups were compared . Results The exhaled nitric oxide level and the positive rate of the exhaled nitric ox-ide were different significantly in AR group and NAR group than the control group (P<0.05);Bronchial provocation positive rate was 12.20%in AR group, and 6.10%in the NAR group, the difference was significant (P<0.05), and the levels in the two groups were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).AR group and NAR group has a significant different (P<0.05) propor-tions of eosinophil in induced sputum , while the positive rate of eosinophil in induced sputum was not different significantly ( P >0.05). Conclusion Bronchial inflammation may be aggravated by AR and NAR , so all patients with AR and NAR need treatment , and the degree of inflammation was higher in AR patients than the NAR patients .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics,epidemiology of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) infection and genetic sequences of SFTSV.MethodsClinical data of five cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS)from Zhoushan Hospital during May 2011 to July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.SFTSV gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The sequences of isolated SFTSV strains were compared with those in GenBank. ResultsThe symptoms of continuous high fever,sore muscles,enlarged superficial lymph nodes,abdominal pain,diarrhea with gastrointestinal hemorrhage were observed.The white blood cells,platelets and CD3+ CD4+ T lymphocytes were progressive decreased in acute phase with the minimum of (0.97-2.00) × 109/L,(12-42) × 109/L and 7.52％-20.39％,respectively.The SFTSV was isolated from the sera of two patients.The sequences were compared with SFTSV sequences in GenBank.The homology of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene was 96％ compared with BX-2010,L-WWG,LN3,JS4,SD4,HN6 and AH12; the glycoprotein gene was 94％ ; N protein gene was 95％ compared with JS4,SD4 and LN4.The homology of the above three genes between two isolates was 99％.ConclusionsOur results suggest that SFTSV is sporadic in Zhejiang Province which is probably from native epidemic focus.SFTS is progressive and severe with acute onset.Multiple organ dysfunction is common in severe eases.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the symptoms and lower airway inflammatory factors of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and to observe the effect of nasal irrigation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Sixty-one cases diagnosed as AR after skin prick test (SPT)were selected and randomly divided into three groups: 17 patients in group A used nasal steroid spray; 21 cases in group B used nasal irrigation; 23 patients in group C combined ir rigation with nasal steroid. Before and after 3 months treatment, nasal visual analogue scale (VAS) score, rhino conjunctivtis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) score, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) values were observed and compared in each group. RESULT: Before treatment, there is no statistically difference between three groups (P > 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, VAS, RQLQ, FENO of all patients was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); VAS, RQLQ score was not significantly different among the three groups (P > 0.05), FENO value has no statistically significant difference between group A and group B (P > 0.05), but were less than that in group C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Nasal irrigation can ameliorate nasal symptoms, improve quality of life, decrease lower airway inflammation of allergic rhinitis patients. Nasal irrigation is an effective treatment of allergic rhinitis. Nasal irrigation combined with nasal steroid can achieve more significant efficacy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Lavage ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: Observe the changes of small airway function in patients with rhinitis but without asthma and/or lower airway symptoms. METHOD: Between June 2008 and December 2012, we recruited 903 subjects, including 377 with allergic rhinitis (AR), 262 with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) and 264 healthy subjects. All subjects underwent meticulous history taking, nasal examination, allergen skin prick test, blood routine test, serum total immunoglobin E assay, pulmonary ventilation function test and bronchial challenge test. RESULT: The indices of FEV1/FVC%, MEF25pred% and MMEFpred% were lower in AR group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The indices of FEV1/FVC, MMEFpred%, MEF25pred% and MEF50pred% were also lower in NAR group than in the control group (P < 0.05). According to the FVCpred% and FEV1pred%, there were no differences between rhinitis group and the control group (P > 0.05). The positive rate of airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR) in AR group and in NAR group was 12.2%, 6.1% respectively. Indices of small airway function were all lower in the AHR group than NAHR group in rhinitis. CONCLUSION Compared with healthy controls, small airway function in patients with rhinitis has apparent changes, part of rhinitis patients has AHR, and is associated with small airway function changes.
Asthma ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory System ; physiopathology ; Rhinitis ; physiopathology ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; physiopathology ; Skin Tests