1.Bacillus anthracis Infection and Bioterrorism
Journal of Environment and Health 1992;0(05):-
The bioterrorism-related anthrax, the general situation of anthrax prevalence in China and the latest advances in laboratory diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis were reviewed. The control and prevention measures on anthrax were also introduced and the measures responding to the possible bioterrorism-attack were proposed in this paper.
2.Therapeutic Effects of Different Approaches for Transvaginal Ultrasound-Guided Follicular Aspiration in Infertile Patients with Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Zhiyi CHEN ; Weixiang LIANG ; Kun LIANG
Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery 2001;0(03):-
Objective To compare the effectiveness of two different modes of follicular aspiration(FA)guided by transvaginal ultrasound(TVU)in infertile patients with clomiphene citrate(CC)-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods From December 2005 to December 2007,85 patients with CC-resistant PCOS were randomly divided into two groups.Group Ⅰ(thorough treatment)had the every possible small follicles being punctured and aspirated,while group Ⅱ(routine operation)only had the larger follicles being operated.These patients were monitored with TVU and testing the steroid hormone levels.The effect of the two methods on the hormone levels and rates of ovulation and pregnancy were analyzed.Results After the treatments,the cumulative rates of ovulation and pregnancy in the group Ⅰ were higher than those in the group Ⅱ 83.3%(25/30)vs 42.1%(16/38),?2=11.903,P=0.001;43.3%(13/30)vs 13.2%(5/38),?2=7.843,P=0.005].Moreover,the levels of luteinizing hormone(LH)and testosterone(T)were decreased significantly after the treatment in group Ⅰ (17.68?3.11)vs(11.58?1.84),t=9.220,P=0.000;(3.41?2.14)vs(1.47?1.29),t=3.937,P=0.000],whereas those in group Ⅱ were not improved markedly (17.76?4.51)vs(16.11?3.53),t=0.229,P=0.062;(3.88?1.54)vs(3.72?1.27),t=0.995,P=0.326].Conclusions Thorough treatment that has the every possible small follicle being punctured and aspirated can significantly improve the endocrinological abnormalities,and increase the rates of ovulation and pregnancy in patients with CC-resistant PCOS.
3.Application of Narcotrend monitor in propofol-laryngeal mask total intravenous anesthesia of gynecilogical surgery
Kaihua SHENG ; Zhiyi GONG ; Xuehua CHEN
Cancer Research and Clinic 2012;24(9):620-621,624
Objective To evaluate the predictive effects of Narcotrend(NT) monitor on laryngeal mask intubation and consciousness recovery in propofol-laryngeal mask total intravenous anesthesia of gynecilogical surgery.Methods Thirty ASA I patients undergoing elective gynecilogical surgery under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask intubation were anesthetized with propofol by target-controlled infusion (TCI).NT monitor was used to monitor the anesthesia depth.The ventilation was used on the closed circuit breathing mode of ZEUS anesthesia machine.The values of NT stage (NTS),NT index (NTI),the effect compartment concentration (Ce) and hemodynamic parameters were recorded during the time of sleeping,laryngeal mask intubation,propofol stopping pumping,recovery of spontaneous respiration and eyes opening.The incidence rate of intraoperative awareness was recorded.Results The NTI (77±23,30±9) (Z =5.561,P =0.001),Ce [(1.1±0.4) μg/ml vs (2.2±0.4) μg/ml] (Z=6.38,P=0.006),MAP [(92±14) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)vs (83±14) mm Hg] (t =2.490,P =0.016) and HR [(74±15) bpm vs (65±10) bpm] (t =2.688,P =0.009) of the time of intubation were significantly decreased compared to the time of sleeping.The NTI (37±7 vs 71±14)of the time of recovery of spontaneous respiration was significantly increased compared to the time of propofol stopping pumping (Z =6.34,P =0.005).The NTI (37±7 vs 83±13) (Z =6.668,P =0.003),Ce [(3.1±0.4) μg/ml vs (1.6±0.2) μg/ml] (Z =6.414,P =0.002) and HR[(59±7) bpm vs (64±8) bpm] (t =-2.825,P =0.006) of the time of eyes opening were statistically significant compared to the time of propofol stopping pumping.None of patients experienced intraoperative awareness.Conclusion NT monitor can effectively guide the intubation and extubation of laryngeal mask in total intravenous anesthesia of gynecilogical surgery.
4.Observation of patients' clinical characteristics during recovery period in low flow and circulation closed pattern anesthesia by ZEUS with isoflurane
Kaihua SHENG ; Zhiyi GONG ; Xuehua CHEN
Cancer Research and Clinic 2012;24(8):537-539
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of patients during recovery period in low flow and circulation closed pattern anesthesia by ZEUS with isoflurane.Methods During elective gynecologic surgery,35 ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients were anesthetized with isoflurane under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation.The ventilation was used with the closed circuit breathing mode (Autocontrol) of ZEUS anesthesia machine.The time of inhale drug,exhale drug and eyes-opend,consumption of drug and complication were recorded during the process.The values of NT stage (NTS),NT index (NTI),the final endexpiratory concentration of isoflurane (EXP),MAC and hemodynamic parameters were recorded during the time of isoflurane stopping inhale,recovery of spontaneous respiration,eyes opening.Results The values of NTI (50±7,74±12,86±10,t =-9.382,t =-16.682,P < 0.01),the EXP [(0.9±0.0)%,(0.1±0.1)%,0,z =-7.262,z =-7.835],MAC [(1.2±0.1)%,(0.2±0.2)%,0,z =-7.186,z =-7.728,P < 0.01] and hemodynamic parameters (SBP,DBP,MAP,HR) [(108.1±13.4) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),(66.3±12.1) mm Hg,(84.3± 12.5) mm Hg,(69.8±12.5) /min and (124.6±17.9) mm Hg,(75.7±14.5) mm Hg,(96.0±14.6) mm Hg,(82.8±15.0)/min and (128.0±16.3) mm Hg,(77.1±15.0) mm Hg,(99.8±15.3) mm Hg,(85.2±18.5) bpm] (t =-4.365,t =-2.951,t =-3.574,t =-3.921; t =-5.554,t =-3.309,t =-4.642,t =-4.085,P <0.01) during the time of recovery of spontaneous respiration and tracheal extubation were statistically significant compared to the time of isoflurane stopping (P< 0.01).None of patients experienced intraoperative was awareness.Conclusion Isoflurane can be used for closed circuit breathing mode of ZEUS anesthesia machine,but consciousness recovery need a long time.
5.The distribution and it's clinical significance of hepatitis B core antigen in hepatocytes of chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients
Lijuan ZHANG ; Guomin CHEN ; Zhiyi WANG
Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases 2011;29(6):348-351
Objective To explore the distribution and clinical significance of hepatitis B core antigen( HBcAg) in the hepatocytes of chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients. Methods Paraffin sections were made from 41 liver biopsy samples obtained from chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients. The immuno-fluorescence confocal technique was utilized to analyze the expression level and localization of HBcAg in hepatocytes. The data were analyzed by using Kruskal Wallis test and chisquare test. Results HBcAg expression were detected in 36 (87. 8%) patients, among whom 23 cases had moderate abnormal liver function, 10 with mild abnormal liver function and 3 with normal liver function. Among the cases with moderate abnormal liver function, 6 cases showed the simple membrane-type HBcAg expression, 17 cases showed mixed cytosolic-type and membrane-type HBcAg expression without the nuclear-type expression. Twelve cases with mild abnormal liver function only showed simple cytosolic-type HBcAg expression without membrane-type or nuclear-type expression. In the three patients with normal liver function, HBcAg was expressed in cytoplasm and nuclear but not on membrane. The correlation between HBcAg expression pattern and liver function was statistically significant (χ2 =10. 60, P<0.01). Conclusion HBcAg expression is directly correlated with liver injury in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients, which indicates that membrane expressed HBcAg is the target antigen during the immuno-attack of liver.
6.Study of UTMD associated with shRNA techniques to silence Survivin expression and induce cell apoptosis
Zhiyi CHEN ; Kun LIANG ; Mingxing XIE
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography 2010;19(11):1001-1005
Objective To investigate the gene silencing,apoptosis induction and the suppression of proliferation in vivo transfected by UTMD techniques associated with shRNA techniques. Methods The survivin-shRNA expression vector was constructed. Nude mice were randomly arranged into 3 groups:control group, plasmid injection and ultrasound (P + US), P + UTMD group. Histological examination were evaluated. Protein expressions of Survivin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Bax,Caspase-3, Ki-67, nucleostemin (NS), p53 were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results In transplanted tumors experiment, comparing with those in C and P + US groups, protein expressions of PCNA,Ki-67,Bcl-2, Survivin, NS were down-regulated markedly, while those of Bax, Caspase-3 and P53 were up-regulated significantly ( P < 0.05). Conclusions UTMD combined with shRNA technique can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation significantly, without causing any apparently adverse effect,representing a new,promising technology that can be used in the tumor gene therapy and research.
7.Advance of molecular imaging in evaluation of RNA interference
Yan LIN ; Zhiyi CHEN ; Feng YANG
Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2014;34(3):250-253
Due to its effectiveness and specificity,RNA interference (RNAi) technology is widely used in the treatment of tumor,viral infectious and metabolic diseases.Noninvasively tracing the delivery of therapeutic RNA molecules in vivo and evaluating the therapeutic effects are important to promote the clinical application of RNAi technology.Molecular imaging allows noninvasive visualization of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in vivo.It can be used to monitor the biodistribution of therapeutic RNA molecules and to assess the effects of the RNAi.This article reviews the advance of molecular imaging in monitoring the delivery of RNAi molecules and evaluating the therapeutic effects of RNAi.
8.Ultrasound and microbubbles mediated shRNA transfection silences survivin gene expression
Zhiyi CHEN ; Kun LIANG ; Jianhua LIU
Chinese Journal of Immunology 2000;0(09):-
Objective:To study the effect of the association of ultrasound and microbubble with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on the expression of survivin mRNA and protein in cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines.Methods:Three survivin-shRNA expression vectors (pSIREN/S1/S2/S3) were constructed and introduced into HeLa cells.A corresponding negative control vector was constructed (pSIREN/con).The shRNA vectors were added to Hela cells transfected by LipofectamineTM (P+L) or followed by ultrasound exposure with SonoVue microbubble (US+SO).Blank control group,pSIREN/S1 plasmid only,ultrasound exposure only,pSIREN/S1 and ultrasound exposure were used as controls,respectively.The expressions of survivin mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and western blot analysis,respectively.Results:Three recombinant plasmids were successfully constructed.The plasmids were showed to inhibit the expression of survivin gene mRNA and protein efficiently and specifically except for the pSIREN/con,while pSIREN/S3 was significantly lower than other groups (P
9.Determinants Factors of Arterial Elasticity in Normotensive Young Adults
Lin ZHOU ; Yuanyuan CHEN ; Xirong LIU ; Zhiyi MA ; Ningling SUN
Chinese Journal of Hypertension 2006;0(08):-
Objective To investigate the vascular compliance markers (C1 and C2) and pulse wave velocity in relative with other physiological indexes in a cohort of young normotensive people in Beijing. Methods Two hundred and seventy normotensive volunteers (112 men and 158 women aged 16 to 30 years) were invovled,completed questionnaires of demographic information. Large (C1) and small (C2) arterial compliance were derived from arterial pulse wave contour analysis. Pulse wave velocity(carotid-femoral PWV and carotid-radial PWV)was determined by Complior SP. Results In both male and female C1 correlated positively with height and weight,and negatively with systolic(SBP),mean arterial blood pressure(MAP),pulse pressure(PP),and heart rate(HR),in which PP showed the best correlation with C1;C2 was inversely related with SBP,diastolic blood pressure(DBP),MAP and HR,in which SBP showed the best correlation with C2;cfPWV correlated positively with DBP and age,crPWV correlated positively with age,DBP,height and weight. Conclusion Blood pressure,heart rate were the important influential factors of large and small arterial compliance in both males and females,while diastolic blood pressure was determinant for pulse wave velocity.
10.Inhibitory effect of ultrasound-mediated drug loaded carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan nanodroplet on ovarian cancer cells
Muhua LUO ; Bing SITU ; Jianyi LIAO ; Bingcheng LI ; Zhiyi CHEN
Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology 2017;33(6):838-842
Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of phase change doxorubicin loaded carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan nanodroplet on ovarian cancer cells,and the effect of its ultrasound image in vitro.Methods The carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan synthesized through the acylationreaction with carboxymethyl chitosan and hexanoic anhydride.The drug loaded carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan nanodroplets were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification.The surface morphology,particle diameter and electric potential were characterized.Ultrasound imaging of the nanodroplet was evaluated in vitro.The encapsulation efficiency was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The survival rate of ovarian cancer cell was detected using CCK-8 reagent.The statistical analysis was performed.Results The drug loaded carboxymethyl hexanoyl chitosan nanodroplet was successfully prepared which showed regular morphology in microscope,the mean diameter of (458.33± 43.50)nm.The encapsulation efficiency was (52.06 ± 10.14)%.The nanodroplet could enhance ultrasonic imaging.The survival rate of ultrasound combined with drug loaded nanodroplet group ([62.54± 3.60]%) was lower than those of the free drug group ([75.55±7.21]%) and drug loaded nanodroplet group ([76.18±4.94]%),ultrasound group ([89.90±0.83]%;P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-mediated drug loaded nanodroplet can inhibit ovarian cancer cells,and has the potential for application in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.