The standard treatment for colorectal cancer still have not been unified,especially the treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 or T4 stage) is controversial,and multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment is recommended by most of the scholars.Precise preoperative diagnosis and staging for locally advanced rectal cancer is very important.Currently,transrectal ultrasound (TRUS),multi-slice spiral computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are playing important roles in the preoperative diagnosis and staging,while controversies on the efficacies of different imaging diagnosis on the evaluation of rectal cancer exist between domestic and overseas scholars.From October 2010 to October 2012,the imaging data of 30 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were admitted to the Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province were retrospectively analyzed.The results showed that TRUS,computed tumography and MRI had guidance value in preoperative tumor staging and evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer,which provide a more reliable basis for the selection of appropriate treatment programs.

Objective:To study the morphologic standard values of craniofacial hard-tissue of the youths in Xi'an.Methods:CBCT scanned cephalometric data of 100 selected volunteers (50 males and 50 females)with individual normal occlusion were collected.31 landmarks and 31 measurements were compared between sexes and between 3D and 2D data with software InvivoDental 5.2,WinCeph 8.0.and SPSS 19.0.Results:1.In the 3D measurements,vertical growth of mandible in the females was more than that in the males. The values of torque of lower incisor,basis length,height of rumi mandibulae and length of corpora mandibulae in the males were bigger than those in the females.2.Compared with 2D measurements,there existed statistically significant differences in most parameters except U1-NA(mm).Conclusion:3D analysis with CBCT may provide more accurite morphologic data for craniofacial hard tissues.

Objective:On the basis of the use of chemical methods to establish mouse model of lupus nephritis and its biological identification , we investigate the reverse effect of pathological lesions of B 7-1 human-mouse chimeric antibody blockade against B7/D28 signaling pathway in mice with lupus nephritis model.Methods:Pristane was injected intraperitoneally to 6-week-old female C57BL/6J mice at dose of 0.5 ml per mouse in one go,and urine protein,ANA and renal pathological changes were detected on a monthly basis.Mice whose urine protein content reached ++and ANA fluorescence intensity reached ++were randomly devided into three groups ,five each.Antibody intervention group was sequentially injected with B 7-1-mouse chimeric antibody by orbital venous , positive control group was injected with immunosuppressant CTX , negative control group was injected with isotype control IgG.Urine protein and ANA were also detected on a monthly basis.Mice were sacrificed three months after intervention was executed.Kidney was used for H&E dying , IC detection and electric microscope observation.Results: After four-month Pristane induction , urine protein content of 80%mice reached +-+++,meanwhile,serum ANA fluorescence intensity reached ++-+++.Glomerulonephritis infiltrating cells were observed Mice with urine protein and ANA , glomerular inflammatory cell infiltration , tubular epithelial cell degeneration visible edema ,vascular congestion significantly ,fibrosis.After antibody intervention ,urine protein content in antibody intervention group gradually reduced from ++-+++to ±-+++,ANA ++-+++to +-++,and were significantly different from that in the negative control group ( P<0.01 ).Analysis of kidney H&E dying showed that antibody glomerular infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intervention group and tubular congestion and other symptoms were improved significantly.Immunofluorescence staining indicated that fluorescence intensity of IC was significantly reduced in the antibody intervention group.Electron dense deposits reduction and glomerular basement membrane uniformity were observed in antibody intervention group by electric microscope when compared with the negative control group.Conclusion:B7-1 antibodies could downregulate immune response through inhibiting B 7-1/CD28 signaling pathway , reducing the production of autoantibodies and reversing pathological damage caused by autoimmune response .

Isolated cortical vein thrombosis (ICoVT) is very rare and its clinical symptoms lack specificity.Unlike cerebral venous sinus thrombosis,ICoVT rarely presents increased intracranial pressure and optic disc edema.Imaging examination,especially MRI examination,is very important for the diagnosis of this disease.T2 *-weighted gradient echo sequence and susceptibility-weighted imaging contribute to the early diagnosis of the disease.This article reviews the clinical symptoms,diagnosis,and treatment of ICoVT.

Objective:To study the effects of conservative treatment versus percutaneous interventional treatment(PCI)on symptoms and prognosis of chronic coronary syndrome patients aged over 75 years with fractional flow reserve(FFR)in the grey zone(0.75≤FFR≤0.80).Methods:A total of 96 coronary heart disease(CHD)patients aged over 75 years undergone FFR examination in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively selected.All patients showed stenosis of 50%-90% in at least one main coronary artery and had FFR values within the range of 0.75-0.80(0.75≤FFR≤0.80). According to the treatment, patients were divided into the optimized medication group(OMT group, n=35)and the PCI group(n=61). The degree of angina alleviation assessed by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire(SAQ)and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular endpoints(death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeated revascularization)were recorded during the one-year follow-up after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in baseline data including age, gender and comorbidities between the OMT and PCI groups( P>0.05). The incidence of previous myocardial infarction, and the basal level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were higher in the PCI group than in the OMT group( P<0.05). One-year follow-up showed that there was no significant difference between the OMT and PCI groups in the score of SAQ(77.6 ± 19.5 vs. 83.1 ± 22.8, P>0.05)and the incidence of composite MACEs(11.4% or 4 / 35 vs. 9.8% or 6/61, P>0.05). However, the incidence of repeated target vessel revascularization was lower in the PCI group than in the OMT group(1.6% or 1 case vs. 5.8% or 2 cases, P<0.05). Conclusions:In elderly CHD patients aged over 75 years with FFR values between 0.75-0.8 in the grey zone, optimal medication treatment has similar effects as the PCI on symptom alleviation, and no significant increase in composite MACEs is found at one-year follow-up.

Objective:To summarize the clinical and imaging features of pediatric neuroglial heterotopia (NGH) in different locations.Methods:The clinical and preoperative imaging data of 9 patients (6 boys and 3 girls, median age 3 months, range from 1 to13 months) with NGH confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from October 2009 to December 2020. All patients underwent preoperative CT or/and MR examination. Follow-up was performed in 12 to 60 months after operation, with a median follow-up time of 24 months. The location, range, size, density/signal intensity of the lesions were reviewed.Results:Of all 9 cases, three cases were located in nose (2 extranasal type and 1 mixed type), with the maximum diameter of 13, 13 and 15 mm; there were 3 lesions in tongue, all of which were located on the dorsum of tongue, with the maximum diameter of 13, 18 and 23 mm; there were also 2 cases located in nasopharynx, maximum diameter of 15 and 22 mm, respectively. One case was in sacrococcygeal area, with the maximum diameter as 18 mm. All lesions presented as solid masses with well-defined margins, displaying slightly low density compared to grey matter. The CT value ranged from 25 to 47 HU. Compared to grey matter or spinal cord, MRI demonstrated isointense or slight hypointense on T 1WI and slight hyperintense on T 2WI. All masses presented homogenous density or signal intensity, with mild homogenous enhancement. During postoperative follow-up, no recurrence was found in 8 cases. One case of nasal NGH with gradeⅡcleft lip recurred at 1 month follow-up after surgery, and no recurrence was found after the second surgery. Conclusions:The NGH in children has typical imaging features, and is mostly located at the extracranial midline structure.It presents as solid mass, with quasi-circular morphology, well-defined margins and homogeneous density or signal intensity similar to gray matter or spinal cord. The postoperative recurrence rate is low.