The standard treatment for colorectal cancer still have not been unified,especially the treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 or T4 stage) is controversial,and multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment is recommended by most of the scholars.Precise preoperative diagnosis and staging for locally advanced rectal cancer is very important.Currently,transrectal ultrasound (TRUS),multi-slice spiral computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are playing important roles in the preoperative diagnosis and staging,while controversies on the efficacies of different imaging diagnosis on the evaluation of rectal cancer exist between domestic and overseas scholars.From October 2010 to October 2012,the imaging data of 30 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were admitted to the Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province were retrospectively analyzed.The results showed that TRUS,computed tumography and MRI had guidance value in preoperative tumor staging and evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer,which provide a more reliable basis for the selection of appropriate treatment programs.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of exogenous biliverdin (BV) on the expression of Litaf in PC12 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R).Methods:PC12 cells were seeded in a 96-well cell culture plate at a density of 1×10 4 cells/well for 3 days and were divided into 3 groups ( n=18 each) by a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group, and biliverdin group (BV group). Group C was incubated in a 37 ℃ incubator (95% air+ 5%CO 2) for 6 h. To establish the OGD/R model, cells were incubated with sugar-free medium in a 37 ℃ incubator (95% air+ 5%CO 2) for 2 h, and the medium was then replaced with normal medium and cells were continuously incubated in a 37 ℃ incubator (95% N 2+ 5% CO 2). In BV group, 2 μg/ml biliverdin was added immediately after oxygen-glucose restoration.Cells in 6 wells in each group were selected at 6 h of restoration for determination of the expression of Litaf protein and mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Results:Compared with group C, the expression of Litaf protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated, and TNF-α concentration in supernatant was increased in group OGD/R ( P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R, the expression of Litaf protein and mRNA was significantly down-regulated, and TNF-α concentration in supernatant was decreased in group BV ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The mechanism by which exogenous biliverdin reduces OGD/R damage to PC12 cells is related to inhibiting up-regulated expression of Litaf and alleviating the inflammatory responses.

OBJECTIVES: The interaction between elderly people with disabilities and their caregivers and the improvement of caregiver burden is important for elderly people with disabilities and their caregivers. This study aims to explore the multiple mediating roles of caregiver's caring ability and resilience in depression in the elderly people with disabilities on caregiver burden. METHODS: A total of 246 elderly people with disabilities at home and their family caregivers from 5 regions were investigated by questionnaires, including the General Information Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Family Caregiver Task Inventory, the Resilience Scale, and the Caregiver Burden Interview. A multiple mediation model was constructed and tested. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that the caregiver burden of disabled elderly men is higher than that of women; the lower the level of self-care of disabled elderly individuals, the greater the burden on their caregivers (both P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that depression of the disabled elderly people was positively correlated with the caregiver burden (P<0.01). Caregiver's caring ability was positively correlated with caregiver's resilience (P<0.01), and both were negatively correlated with caregiver burden (both P<0.01). The multiple mediating effects of caregiver caring capacity and resilience between depression of the disabled elderly people and caregiver burden were significant, with the mediating effects of caregiver caring capacity and resilience accounting for 68.9% and 26.2% of the total effect, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Depression in the elderly people with disabilities can indirectly affect caregiver burden through the caregiver's caring ability and resilience. Families of older people with disabilities need to focus on both the elderly and their caregivers. It is possible to reduce the caregiver burden and improve the physical and mental health of the dyads by empowering the caregiver's caring ability and resilience.
Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Caregiver Burden ; Disabled Persons ; Caregivers ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Mental Health