Purpose To investigate the expression of Che-mokine(C-X-C Motif)receptor 5(CXCR5)and its clinico-pathological significance in classic Hodgkin lymphoma(CHL).Methods The expression of CXCR5 was assessed in 33 pa-tients by immunohistochemistry(IHC),and retrospectively ana-lyzed the expression and clinical significance of CXCR5 in the four subtypes of CHL.Meanwhile,10 cases of ALK-positive an-aplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL)and 10 cases of ALK-neg-ative ALCL were collected as the control group.ResultsThere were 31 cases with CXCR5-positive in all 33 cases(93.94％),including 15/16(93.75％)in nodular sclerosis CHL,12/13(92.31％)in mixed cellularity CHL,2/2 in lymphocyte-rich CHL,and 2/2 in lymphocyte-depleted CHL.The positive ex-pressions of CXCR5 in different immunophenotypes of CHL were as follow,31/33(93.94％)in CD30 positive and PAX5 weakly positive CHL.12/14(85.71％)in CD15 negative CHL,24/26(92.31％)in CD20 negative CHL,10/11(90.91％)in EBER-negative CHL and 5/6 in LMP1-negative CHL.CXCR5 were not expressed in all 20 cases of ALCL.Conclusion The positive expression rate of CXCR5 in CHL is high.When the tumor cells are negative for CD15,LMP1 and CD20 or EBER,CXCR5 also has a high positive expression rate,which is helpful for the diagnosis of CHL.CXCR5 can be used to differentiate CHL from ALCL,especially the cases lacking typical morpholo-gy and immunohistochemistry.

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical features of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (sCOVID-19) and severe community acquired pneumonia (sCAP) who meet the diagnostic criteria for severe pneumonia of the Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS).Methods:A retrospective comparative analysis of the clinical records of 116 patients with sCOVID-19 admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Wuhan Third Hospital from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020 and 135 patients with sCAP admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Shanghai First People's Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 was conducted. The basic information, diagnosis and comorbidities, laboratory data, etiology and imaging results, treatment, prognosis and outcome of the patients were collected. The differences in clinical data between sCOVID-19 and sCAP patients were compared, and the risk factors of death were analyzed.Results:The 28-day mortality of sCOVID-19 and sCAP patients were 50.9% (59/116) and 37.0% (50/135), respectively. The proportion of arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO 2/FiO 2)≤250 mmHg (1 mmHg ≈ 0.133 kPa) in sCOVID-19 patients was significantly higher than that of sCAP [62.1% (72/116) vs. 34.8% (47/135), P < 0.01]. The possible reason was that the proportion of multiple lung lobe infiltration in sCOVID-19 was significantly higher than that caused by sCAP [94.0% (109/116) vs. 40.0% (54/135), P < 0.01], but the proportion of sCOVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation was significantly lower than that of sCAP [45.7% (53/116) vs. 60.0% (81/135), P < 0.05]. Further analysis of clinical indicators related to patient death found that for sCOVID-19 patients PaO 2/FiO 2, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), neutrophil percentage (NEU%), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), total bilirubin (TBil), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin (ALB), Ca 2+, prothrombin time (PT), D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP) and other indicators were significantly different between the death group and the survival group, in addition, the proportion of receiving mechanical ventilation, gamma globulin, steroid hormones and fluid resuscitation in death group were higher than survival group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the need for mechanical ventilation, NLR > 10, TBil > 10 μmol/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 250 U/L were risk factors for death at 28 days. For sCAP patients, there were significant differences in age, BUN, ALB, blood glucose (GLU), Ca 2+ and D-dimer between the death group and the survival group, but there was no significant difference in treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that BUN > 7.14 mmol/L and ALB < 30 g/L were risk factors for 28-day death of sCAP patients. Conclusions:The sCOVID-19 patients in this cohort have worse oxygen condition and symptoms than sCAP patients, which may be due to the high proportion of lesions involving the lungs. The indicators of the difference between the death group and the survival group were similar in sCOVID-19 and sCAP patients. It is suggested that the two diseases have similar effects on renal function, nutritional status and coagulation function. But there were still differences in risk factors affecting survival. It may be that sCOVID-19 has a greater impact on lung oxygenation function, inflammatory cascade response, and liver function, while sCAP has a greater impact on renal function and nutritional status.

In the recent years, the damage of the spleen has been increased due to trauma or neoplastic diseases. Traditional view holds the point that the damaged spleen should be completely removed, but with the development of spleen surgery, the important physiological function of the spleen has been widely recognized, and partial splenectomy has been well recognized by the surgeons. This paper summarized the clinical experience in partial splenectomy and raised some technical points.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality at home and abroad at present. Using computed tomography (CT) to screen lung cancer nodules is a huge workload. To test the effect of artificial intelligence in automatic identification of lung cancer by using artificial intelligence to find the lung cancer nodules automatically in the chest CT of 1 mm and 5 mm thick. METHODS: 5,000 cases of T1 stage lung cancer patients with 1 mm and 5 mm layer thickness were respectively labeled and learned by computer neural network, the algorithm of forming pulmonary nodules was carried out. 500 cases of chest CT in T1 stage lung cancer patients with 1 mm and 5 mm thickness were tested by artificial intelligence formation, and the sensitivity and specificity were compared with artificial reading. RESULTS: Using artificial intelligence to read chest CT 500 in 5 mm, the sensitivity was 95.20%, the specificity was 93.20%, and the Kappa value of two times repeated read was 0.926,1. For 1 mm chest CT 500 cases, the sensitivity is 96.40%, the specificity is 95.60%, and the Kappa reads two times is 0.938,6. Compared with 5 doctors, the same CT sets with 1 mm thickness were read. The detection rates of artificial intelligence and artificial reading were similar to those of lung cancer nodules and negative control read films, and there was no significant difference between them. In the comparison of the same CT slices with 5 mm thickness, the number of detection of lung cancer nodules by artificial intelligence is better than that of artificial reading, and the sensitivity is higher, but the number of false messages is increased and the specificity is slightly worse. CONCLUSIONS The automatic learning of early lung cancer chest CT images by artificial intelligence can achieve high sensitivity and specificity of early lung cancer identification, and assist doctors in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Medical Informatics ; methods ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of nano-silicon dioxide( SiO_2) on the survival and poly( ADP-ribose)polymerase-1( PARP-1) expression in human bronchial epithelial cells( 16 HBE cells). METHODS: i) The 16 HBE cells were treated with nano-SiO_2 at concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 mg/L for 24. 0 hours,and CCK-8 assay was used to examine cell viability. ii) The 16 HBE cells were divided into 6 groups: solvent control group( equal volume solvent treatment),micro-SiO_2 control group( treated with 20 mg/L micro-SiO_2),5,10,and 20 mg/L nano-SiO_2 groups( treated with the corresponding final dose of nano-SiO_2),and curcumin group. The curcumin group was given pretreatment with curcumin at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L for 2. 0 hours followed by treatment with a final concentration of 20 mg/L of nano-SiO_2. Cells in each group were harvested at time points of 4. 0,12. 0 and 24. 0 hours after treatment. The relative expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein in 16 HBE cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively. RESULTS: i) The survival of 16 HBE cells decreased with increasing nano-SiO_2 treatment dose,showing a dose-effect relationship( P < 0. 01). ii) The expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein in 16 HBE cells were dose-dependently decreased after nano-SiO_2 stimulation at the 12. 0 and 24. 0 hours time points( P < 0. 01). The expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein in 5,10,and 20 mg/L nano-SiO_2 groups decreased at the above mentioned time points( P < 0. 05),compared with the solvent control group at the same time points. The expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein in 20 mg/L nano-SiO_2 group was lower than that in the micro-SiO_2 control group at the same 12. 0 and 24. 0 hours time point( P < 0. 05). The above two indexes of cells were higher in curcumin group than that of 20 mg/L nano-SiO_2 group at the 12. 0 hours time point( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Nano-SiO_2 stimulation can lead to decrease survival of 16 HBE cells in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulation of PARP-1 expression may be one of the mechanisms of proliferation and inhibition of 16 HBE cells induced by nano-SiO_2. Curcumin has certain protective effect on nano-SiO_2-induced 16 HBE cell injury.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary leucine supplementation on mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in the liver of normal birth weight (NBW) and intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) weanling piglets. MATERIALS/METHODS: A total of sixteen pairs of NBW and IUGR piglets from sixteen sows were selected according to their birth weight. At postnatal day 14, all piglets were weaned and fed either a control diet or a leucine-supplemented diet for 21 d. Thereafter, a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design was used. Each treatment consisted of eight replications with one piglet per replication. RESULTS: Compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets had a decreased (P < 0.05) hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. Also, IUGR piglets exhibited reductions (P < 0.05) in the activities of hepatic mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), citrate synthase (CS), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and complexes I and V, along with decreases (P < 0.05) in the concentration of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the protein expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). Dietary leucine supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the content of ATP, and the activities of CS, α-KGDH, MDH, and complex V in the liver of piglets. Furthermore, compared to those fed a control diet, piglets given a leucine-supplemented diet exhibited increases (P < 0.05) in the mtDNA content and in the mRNA expressions of sirtuin 1, PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial transcription factor A, and ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, β polypeptide in liver. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary leucine supplementation may exert beneficial effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in NBW and IUGR weanling piglets.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Birth Weight* ; Citrate (si)-Synthase ; Diet ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Energy Metabolism* ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Leucine* ; Liver ; Malate Dehydrogenase ; Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 ; Organelle Biogenesis* ; Oxidoreductases ; Parturition* ; Peroxisomes ; Pyruvic Acid ; Research Design ; RNA, Messenger ; Sirtuin 1 ; Transcription Factors

Objective:To observe the effect of Er:YAG laser on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(hP-DLFs).Methods:Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and identified by immunohistochemistry.The cells of 5th passage were divided into 5 groups.The cells in group A without treatment were used as the controls,in group B,C,D and E were treated with Er:YAG laser of 10 Hz at 50 mJ,100 mJ,150 mJ and E-200 mJ for 1 s respectively.The proliferation of the cells was examined on day 1,3,5,7,9 by CCK-8.Results:The proliferation of hPDLFs in group B,C,D and E increased more than that in group A(P <0.05)5 d after Er:YAG laser radiation.Conclusion:Low intensity of Er:YAG laser radiation can promote the prolifera-tion of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the expression and promoter region CpG islands methylation of (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, PARP-1) gene in human HaCaT Cell.

METHODSHaCaT Cells were treated with nm-SiO₂at 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 µg/mL and micro-SiO₂at 10 µg/ml for 24 h and DAC treatment was given at 10 µg/ml group for 48 h. Real-time PCR and western blot assay was used to detect the expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein. BSP (Bisulfite Pyrosequence, BSP) assay was used to detect the promoter region CpG islands methylation status of PARP-1 gene.

RESULTSAfter exposure to nano-SiO₂particles, compared to CTRL group, the mRNA and protein expression of PARP-1 in micro-SiO₂and 2.5 µg/ml group unchanged, but he mRNA and protein expression of PARP-1 in 5, 10 µg/ml as well as DAC group was down-regulated and there are statistical significance between CTRL group and 5, 10 µg/ml as well as DAC group and the PARP-1 promoter region CpG islands showed methylation.

CONCLUSIONnano-SiO₂can down-regulate PARP-1 expression in HaCaT Cell and this is associated with the change in the methylation of PARP-1 gene promoter region CpG islands induced by nano-SiO₂particles.

Cell Line, Tumor ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Nanoparticles ; adverse effects ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects

Objective:To explore the changes and clinical significance of serum amyloid A (SAA)level in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) .Methods:A total of 140 patients with AECOPD ,80 patients with stable stage COPD and 40 health controls during Jun .2012 and Dec .2013 were collected .The serum levels of SAA ,C‐reactive protein(CRP) ,tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) were measured .Results:The serum levels of SAA ,CRP ,TNF‐α and IL‐8 in all patients with COPD were significantly higher than those in the controls (P<0 .05) .The serum levels of SAA ,CRP ,TNF‐α and IL‐8 in patients with AECOPD were significantly higher than those in patients with stable stage COPD(P<005) .SAA level was significantly correlated with TNF‐α level and IL‐8 level(r=0 .78 , r=0 .69 ,P<0 .01) .Serum CRP level was also significantly correlated with TNF‐αlevel and IL‐8 level(r=0 .68 ,r=0 .62 ,P<0 .01) .The area under ROC curve of SAA (0 .841) was larger than that of CRP (0 .749) ,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusions:SAA could be applied as a new biomarker for AECOPD .Its serum level was correlated with the severity of disease .Early detection of SAA may be conducive to the evaluation of disease situation and the treatment strategy for disease .Thus ,it is worthy of clinical application .

Objective To explore the influence of peritumoral edema (PTE) on the tendency of recurrent location and morphological character after total resection using MRI. Methods MRI data was collected from 43 patients with recur-rent brain glioma after total resection from four clinical centers and then the influence of of PTE on recurrence patterns af-ter total resection was retrospectively analyzed based on the T2 weighted image. Results The PTE had a significant influ-ence on the recurrent patterns of brain gliomas after total resection. When PTE was mild, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (6/8) and the recurrent locations tended to be local (5/8). When PTE was severe, the shapes of the recur- rent gliomas tended to be spread(30/35 and the recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/35), followed by marginal (7/35), In addition, the morphological patterns and locations of recurrent gliomas were significantly different among different PTE types (all P<0.001). When PTE was ring shape, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (7/9) and the recur-rent locations tended to be local (6/9), followed by marginal (2/9) and distant (1/9). When PTE was irregular shape, most of recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/34), followed by marginal (7/34) but rarely local (2/34). Conclusions The de-grees and the types of brain glioma PTE can significantly influence the locations and morphological patterns of recurrent gliomas after total resection.