BACKGROUND:At present, bone substitute filling is mainly used for bone defect repair. In order to understand the effect on bone defect repair, it is necessary to look into the microstructure changes of bone defects after bone substitute implantation. Synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed-tomography (SR-μCT) can be used to make high-resolution, high-resolution three-dimensional imaging without slicing and dyeing, and has high scientific and clinical value. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of SR-μCT in micron-level bone osseointegration examination in oral medicine. METHODS:This randomized controlled animal experiment was completed at the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China. A rabbit model of mandibular defect was made in 24 male New Zealand white rabbits. The model rats were randomly divided into four groups and received autologous bone, Bio-oss bone meal,β-tricalcium phosphate powder and no implantation (negative control group) in the defective area, respectively. Bone samples, including the defect area and the surrounding normal bone tissue, were taken at 2, 4, 8 weeks postoperatively for SR-μCT examination, fol owed by histopathological examination, in order to observe the repairing effects of different types of bone implant materials from different angles. The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Central Hespital of Tianjin in China. The study procedures were completed in accordance with the Guidance Suggestions for the Care and Use of Experimental Animals of China and the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health, USA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In this study, SR-μCT could be used to observe the bone microstructure and osseointegration with no damage to samples to collect accurate quantitative data, including bone volume, number of bone trabeculae and bone mineral density. Therefore, SR-μCT can fully analyze the biocompatibility of bone implant material in vivo, give insight into the micron-level changes of different types of bone implant materials in the bone defect, thereby providing experimental evidence to improve bone defect healing.

Enzyme linked lectin assay (ELLA) and lectin cytochemical staining are employed to study of WGA receptor on human sperm membrane of 44 fertile and 40 unexplained infertile males in this experiment. Binding capacity of sperm from fertile and infertile males, on the average, showed 16.3?10~7 and 9.39?10~7 WGA-HRP molecules per sperm, respectively (P

BACKGROUND:There is evidence that internal fixation through an anterior or posterior approach for treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis exhibits good curative effects. However, few prospective, long-term fol ow-up case control studies are reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and safety of cobalt al oy pedicle screw implantation for treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis. METHODS/DESIGN:This is a prospective, single-center, self-control, open-label trial, which wil be performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, China. Eighty-four patients with severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis wil be included according to the diagnosis criteria. Among 52 patients with tuberculosis of the thoracic spine, 28 wil undergo surgery through a posterior approach, and 24 through an anterior approach. According to the Frankel Grade classification, grade C, D and E spinal cord function wil be assessed in 8, 31 and 13 patients, respectively. Surgery through a posterior and anterior approach wil be respectively performed in half of 32 patients with tuberculosis of the lumbar spine. Grade C, D and E spinal cord function wil be assessed in 7, 14 and 11 patients, respectively. The primary outcome measure of this study wil be the Cobb angle at the thoracic spine segments before and 2 years after surgery, which wil be used to evaluate the angle of the spine curvature at the thoracic segments. The secondary outcome measures wil be X-ray scan or MRI findings before and 2 years after surgery, which wil be used to evaluate vertebral fusion after internal fixation;and Frankel Grade before and 2 years after surgery, which wil be used to evaluate recovery of spinal cord function after injury. Other outcome measures wil include multiple logistic regression analysis results of the factors that influence patient's curative effects and the incidence of adverse events 2 years after surgery. The trial protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, China and wil be performed in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, formulated by the World Medical Association. Signed informed consent regarding the trial protocol wil be obtained from each participant. DISCUSSION:This study is to validate that cobalt al oy pedicle screw implantation shows precise curative effects in the treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis and to analyze through what approach, posterior or anterior, internal fixation wil be more beneficial to surgery performance. The outcomes of this study wil provide objective long-term fol ow-up evidence for internal fixation treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis in the clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of surgical treatment of adult mandibular condylar fractures (including intracapsular fracture). Methods Thirty-two patients (33 sides) with condylar fractures underwent open reduction and rigid fixation. Six patients with intracapsular condylar fractures were treated with two 18-mm positional screws through a preauricular approach. Six patients (7 sides) with condylar neck fractures were rigidly fixed by 1 mini-plate via a retromandibular transparotid approach. Twenty patients with subcondylar fractures were operated and fixed by two titanium plates using an angular approach. Results The mean follow-up period was 13.5 months, and the mean maximum mouth opening was 37.5 mm by the last visit. All patients acquired good occlusal relationship and mandibular symmetry. Seven patients (21.9%) experienced transient palsy of the branches of the facial nerve, and recovered completely after three months. One patient developed a salivary fistula, and healed after two weeks of gauze compression. No permanent deficit of any facial nerve branch was observed. No patient showed condylar head resorption. Conclusion Appropriate surgical approaches and fixation methods for different types of condylar fractures are the key factors to achieve reliable clinical results.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue thickness(EAT) and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods One hundredand forty-seven patients (101 patients with CAD and 46 patients with normal coronary arteries by diagnostic coronary angiography) were enrolled. EAT thickness was measured using 2-D echocardiographic parasternal long-and short-axis views. EAT thickness measurements were compared with angiographic findings. Results EAT was significantly higher in CAD group comparison to control group [(7.41 ± 1.63)mm vs (4.41±1.60) mm, P ＜0.01 ]. Furthermore, EAT increased with the severity of CAD [(8.53 ± 1.00)mm vs (6.36 ±1.73)mm, P ＜0.01]. Gensini's score significantly correlated with EAT (r = 0.71, P ＜0.01 ). EAT thickness ≥5.35 mm had 87.13% sensitivity and 80.42% specificity (ROC area 0. 89, P = 0.01,95% CI [0.84 - 0.9;]) for predicting CAD. Conclusions EAT thickness, which is easily and non-invasively evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography, can be an adjunctive marker to classical risk factors for the prediction of CAD, it was significantly correlated with the severity of coronary artery disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the urethra URSL combined with micro-puncture and drainage treatment for pediatric calculus of lower urinary tract. Methods From January 2003 to January 2013, 66 cases with pediatric urinary tract calculi in our hospital were randomly equally divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group was treated with transurethral bladder micro URSL combined puncture and drainage treatment, and the control group was given a simple transurethral URSL method of treatment. The operative time, postoperative urine turned clear time,pulling stone clearance after catheter time,postoperative hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative urethral stricture were observed and recorded. In addition, these data were compared between the two groups. Results The operations of two groups have successfully completed. The mean operative time, postoperative urine turned clear time, pull out the catheter stone clearance after time and postoperative hospital stay of control group was 30.2±2.45 minutes,2.5±0.5 days,2.1±0.8 days and 4.0±0. 5 days, respectively. Patients were followed up 1 year after operation, and 1 case of urethral stricture occurred. However, the mean operative time, postoperative urine turned clear time, pull out the catheter stone clearance after time and postoperative hospital stay of the test group was 20.36±2.35 minutes,1.5±0.7 days,1.1±0.25 days and 3.1±0.3 days,respectively,with no urethral stricture case occurred. There were significant differences between the two groups ( <0.05) . Conclusion Transurethral bladder URSL micro puncture and drainage combined with transurethral ureteroscopy lithotripsy treatment for children with lower urinary tract calculi has better efficacy and safety. It could shorter operative time, postoperative urine turned clear time, the gravel discharge time and average hospitalization time, reduce the incidence of postoperative secondary urethral stricture.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculi acute obstruction with urinary extravasation. Methods 56 patients with ureteral calculi acute obstruction and urinary extravasation were randomly divided into two groups:the treatment group and the control group,28 cases in each group. Patients in the treatment group were given URSL or percutaneous nephrostomy drainage, and the secondary fistula was given URSL stone clearance treatment. Patients in control group were given traditional ureterolithotomy treatment. The stone clearance rate, the average recovery time after surgery, postoperative wound infection rate and the abnormal rate of postoperative albumin were observed in two groups. Results In the treatment group,28 patients had no residual stones with mean postoperative recovery time of (5.2 1.3) days,postoperative fever was found in 3 cases,obvious abnormal postoperative albumin in 3 cases. In the control group,residual stones were found in 3 cases,the average recovery time after surgery was (7.9 2.6) days,postoperative fever was found in 10 cases, and obvious abnormal postoperative albumin in 11 cases. There were statistically significant differences in stone clearance rate, the average recovery time after surgery, postoperative wound infection rate and the abnormal rate of postoperative albumin between two groups (P<0.05) . Conclusion Endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculi acute obstruction and urinary extravasation has advantages including better efficacy, less trauma, less complications and quicker recovery.

Objective To analyze the effectiveness evaluation of cardiovascular drugs which have been developed on the CYP2C9 target protein by multi-layer fuzzy evaluation technology .Methods The multi-layer fuzzy evaluation method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of cardiovascular drugs interacting with the CYP 2C9 protein and to construct the index system that affects drug efficacy .Results and Conclusion The index system was used to study such cardiovascular drugs as valsartan and to score the drug effectiveness of individual samples .The results were consistent with actual drug treatment and were well confirmed .The results contribute to evaluation of personalized medication .

Objective:To evaluate the cytotoxicity of different dental bonding agents to human dental pulp cells. Methods:Four dental bonding agents(Prime & Bond NT,Single Bond,Xeno Ⅲ and iBond) were diluted with the culture medium by a ratio of 1∶1 000,1∶2 000 and 1∶4 000(v/v), and the fourth passage of dental pulp cells were then exposed to agent dilutions for 12, 24 and 48 h respectively, then the morphological changes of pulp cells were observed with microscopy and cytotoxicity was analyzed with modified 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results:There was significant influence of the type of dental bonding agents,exposure time and concentration on the cell morphology. Total-etch system was more toxic than self-etch system.Conclusion:Dental bonding agents are toxic to pulp cells,Single Bond is the strongest cytotoxic agent among the 4 adhesive agents.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) in the preoperative and postoperative treatment of bedsore united with skin flap.Methods Twenty two cases with bedsore were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.In the control group,the surgery of flap was performed after the treatment of continuous negative pressure about 7-10 days and the VAC was not applied after operation.While in the experimental group,VAC was not used before operation.It was applied on flaps as soon as sutured the border of flap and decubitus ulcers and removed after 7-10 days.By comparing the general appearance of two groups,microvessel count and the detection rate of bacterial culture and other indicators,the clinical effects of two treatments were investigated and the preliminary mechanism was analyzed.Results After preoperative VAC treatment,11 cases of control group showed a little granulation tissue growth,less subcutaneous hematoma and wound effusion,increased microvessel count and negative bacterial culture.However,there were 4 cases of death cavity residual,subcutaneous hematoma and wound effusion,positive bacterial culture and another 4 cases of delayed healing with skin flap repairing bedsore.The application of VAC in experimental group showed close contact of flap with the basement,less effusion,increased microvessel count and negative bacterial culture.One case of skin flap had a small area of separation,after the dressing of skin and the flap survived.The other wounds healed by first intention.Conclusions The use of VAC to repair bedsore can reduce the number of operation,and it is beneficial to the flap survival.