Objective To discuss the clinical effects of the many kinds of combined skin flaps of foot which used for repairing of many places and polymorphous skin defects of hands.Methods This study included 18 patients (15 male and 3 female) with a mean age of 32.6 years (range 15-56 years) between September 2003 and January 2012.The skin defect of hand were 2-3 places and the size of the defect ranged 1.5 cm × 2.0 cm-2.5 cm × 13.0 cm.All of them with bones and tendons exposure or defect.These 18 patients with many places and polymorphous skin defects of hands were treated with combined anterosuperior malleolusdorsalls pedis flaps (6 cases),three-leaf flap of dorsum of foot (2 cases),combined the first dorsal metatarsal artery island flap and toe back flap (5 cases)and combined toe back flaps (5 cases).Meanwhile,deep peroneal nerve was used to repair defect of digital nerve or dorsal digital nerve and long extensor tendon of toes was used to repair digital flexor tendon or digital extensor tendon.Results Eighteen patients with 32 flaps survived.In the follow-up of 4 months-2 years,the fingers and skin flaps were in good shape and normal color.The sensation of the hands of the patients with nerve repaired was restored to S2-S3 and the two-point discrimination was 8-10 mm.The motor function of the hands of the patients with tendons repaired was good,which can be competent to daily life and work.Conclusion Many kinds of combined skin flaps of foot were used to repair many places and polymorphous skin defects of hands.

AIM:To study the purified factors of Guanxinning for Injection(Radix et Rhizoma salviae miltiorrhizae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,etc). METHODS: The total of salvianolic acid B、protocatchuci aldehyde and ferulic acid were used to evaluate for the study of type of macroporous adsorption resin,sample volume,the ratio of diameter to height,pH value and sample consistency etc. RESULTS: pH value Guanxinning extract was adjusted to 3.0,through D101 resin finally reached the ratio of diameter to height 1∶2,4 times of water was applied to elution and then 3 times of 70% ethanol for re-elution and collected. CONCLUSION: These factors are approprite for purifying Guanxinning for Injection.

Objective] To determine the nucleotide sequence of the 3′\|termal of the RESA gene Plasmodium falciparum isolate FCC1/HN, and find out the differences of the sequences of RESA gene among isolate FCC1/HN,FC27,NF7 and Palo Alto. [Methods] 3′\|terminal fragment of RESA gene of P.falciparum isolate FCC1/HN was amplified by PCR method, then was cloned into pMD18\|T vector. The recombinant was screened and identified by BamHI+XhoI and PCR technique. The nucleotide sequence of the 3′\|terminal of the RESA gene was determined by the dideoxy chain termination method. DNASTAR and BLAST software were used to compare and analyze the RESA gene sequences among the different isolates. [Results] The 3′\|termal fragment of the RESA gene with about 846 bp was specifically amplified by PCR, the recombinant pMD18\|T\|RESA was successfully constructed. Different degrees of diversity of the RESA gene sequences were found among P.falciparum isolates FCC1/HN、FC27,NF7 and Palo Alto. [Conclusion] There were differences in the sequences of RESA gene among the P.falciparum isolate FCC1/HN and three other isolates (FC27,NF7 and Palto alto).

Objective To observe the brain abnormalities of the white matter and myelination in patients with BH4 deficiency using MRI examination, and to further estimate the effect of treatment. Methods Eleven patients with BH4 deficiency aged 17 weeks to 4 years were observed, including 9 cases who were detected by newborn screening program. Although those patients were treated with low phenylalanine diet, and the blood phenylalanine 1evels maintained to 120-240 ?mol/L, the patients presented progressive hypotonia, convulsion, and mental retardation. All cases were diagnosed as BH4 deficiency by analysis of urinary pterins profile, BH4 loading test, and determination of dihydropteridine reductase in RBC. The patients received MRI examination using a 0.5 T MR system. Results Delayed myelination was found in 11 cases (100%) in frontal lobe, 8 cases (72.2%) in occipital lobe, 4 cases (36.3%) in temporal lobe, and 3 cases (27.3%) in parietal lobe. Delayed myelination of corpus callosum could be found in 6 cases (54.5%). There were abnormal diffuse high signals in the white matter on T_2WI in all cases. Conclusion Patients with BH4 deficiency demonstrate a high occurrence of brain abnormalities in the white matter. Those abnormalities are related not only with hyperphenylalaninemia, but also due to the decreased synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as L-Dopa and 5-HTP, all of these could be the reasons of adverse effect of the development of white matter.

Objective To study the clinical application value of multi-slice spiral CT iliac venography.Methods The iliac venography with multi-slice spiral CT was performed in 50 cases.150 mgI/ml contrast medium at 2.5～3.0 ml/s was administered via the veins of dorsum of foot and the delayed time was 16～22 s,the images were reconstructed by several methods.The imaging quality and imaging characteristic of iliac vein disease were analyzed.Results Helical CT venography was performed successfully in all patients.Venography showed vein complete occlusion in 31 cases,vessel stenosis or filling defect in 9 cases,normally in 10 cases.The quality of images included:excellent 24%(12/50),good 60%(30/50),bad 16%(8/50),the collectivity was 84%(42/50).Conclusion The multi-slice spiral CT iliac venography is of certain clinical applied value.

AIM: To examine expression of macrophage migration inhibitroy factor (MIF) gene and protein in macrophages induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). METHODS: Macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL at the concentration of 150 mg/L for time course (0-36 h) and with ox-LDL at the different concentrations (0-300 mg/L) for 24 h, expression of MIF mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS: The results showed that ox-LDL increased MIF gene and protein expression in macrophages in a dose and time-dependent manner. After the exposure of macrophage to ox-LDL, the expression of MIF mRNA level increased consistently with protein. CONCLUSION: MIF may play an important role in atherosclerosis. [

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV),family Nanaviridae,genus Babuvirus,is a single stranded DNA virus (ssDNA) that causes banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) in banana plants.It is the most common and most destructive of all viruses in these plants and is widespread throughout the Asia-Pacific region.In this study we isolated,cloned and sequenced a BBTV sample from Hainan Island,China.The results from sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicate this isolate represents a satellite DNA component with 12 DNA sequences motifs.We also predicted the physical and chemical properties,structure,signal peptide,phosphorylation,secondary structure,tertiary structure and functional domains of its encoding protein,and compare them with the corresponding quantities in the replication initiation protein of BBTV DNA1.

Objective To investigate the value of procalcitonin (PCT) on predicting the severity and prognosis in patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A prospective observation study was conducted. A total of 113 patients with ARDS undergoing mechanical ventilation admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Affiliated People's Hospital ofJiangsu University from October 2012 to April 2016 were enrolled. Based on oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), the patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to Berlin Definition. Twenty-five healthy volunteers were served as controls. Demographics, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, and Murray lung injury score were recorded. Within 24 hours after diagnosis of ARDS, the serum levels of PCT and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined by enzyme-linked fluorescence analysis (ELFA) and immune turbidimetric method, respectively. The patients were also divided into survival and non-survival groups according to clinical outcome within 28-day follow-up, and the clinical data were compared between the two groups. Spearman rank correlationwas applied to determine the correlation between variables. The predictive value of the parameters on 28-day mortality was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was used to compare different PCT levels of patients with 28-day cumulative survival rate. Results After excluding patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria and loss to follow-up, the final 89 patients were enrolled in the analysis. Among 89 ARDS patients analyzed, 27 of them were mild, 34 moderate, and 28 severe ARDS. No significant differences were found in age and gender between ARDS and healthy control groups. Infection and trauma were the most common etiology of ARDS (55.1% and 34.8%, respectively). Compared with healthy control group, both CRP and PCT in serum of ARDS group were higher [CRP (mg/L): 146.32 (111.31, 168.49) vs. 6.08 (4.47, 7.89), PCT (μg/L): 3.46 (1.98, 5.56) vs. 0.02 (0.01, 0.04), bothP < 0.01], and the two showed sustained upward trends with the ARDS course of disease. Compared with mild group, severe group had significantly higher APACHE Ⅱ and Murray scores. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that both serum PCT and CRP in patients with ARDS was correlated well with APACHE Ⅱ score (r values were 0.669 and 0.601, respectively, bothP < 0.001), while PCT was weakly but positively correlated with Murray score (r = 0.294,P = 0.005), but not the case of CRP (r = 0.203,P = 0.052). APACHE Ⅱ score and serum PCT in non-survival group (n = 38) were significantly higher than those of the survival group [n = 51; APACHE Ⅱ score: 26.00 (23.00, 28.50) vs. 21.00 (17.00, 25.00), PCT (μg/L): 6.38 (2.82, 9.49) vs. 3.09 (1.08, 3.57), both P < 0.01], but Murray score and CRP level were similar between survivors and non-survivors. The areas under ROC curve (AUC) of APACHE Ⅱ score and PCT for predicting 28-day mortality were 0.781 and 0.793, respectively, which were better than those of AUC of Murray score and CRP (0.606 and 0.561, respectively, allP < 0.05). The AUC of APACHE Ⅱ score combined with PCT was significantly higher than that of PCT (0.859 vs. 0.793,P = 0.048) or APACHE Ⅱ score alone (0.859 vs. 0.781,P = 0.038). Using a PCT cut-off value of > 4.35μg/L for predicting 28-day mortality, the sensitivity and specificity was 92.2% and 63.2%, respectively, and the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.50 and 0.12 respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that the patients whose PCT more than 4.35μg/L, had lower 28-day cummulative survival rate as compared with those with PCT ≤ 4.35μg/L (log-rank test: χ2 = 5.013,P = 0.025).Conclusion The elevated serum PCT level in patients with ARDS seems to be correlated well with the severity of lung injury, and appears to be a useful prognostic marker of outcome in the early phases of ARDS.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of the feasible method of the free string type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap in the repairement of skin defects caused by penetrating wound of palm. Methods From May 2004 to July 2009, the free string-type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap were used to repair skin defects of 16 cases who sutained penetrating wounds of palm.Results All 32 flaps in the 16 cases were all survived. Follow-ups were done from 6 months to 2 years after operation. Both the appearances of the repaired palms and the functional recovery were satisfactory. The function assessment of the hand was excellent in 8 cases, good in 5 cases, fine in 2 cases and poor in 1 case.The eligible rate was 81.25%. Conclusion The anatomy of the dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flap is rare variant, which facilitate the dissection of the flaps during operation. The repairement of skin defects at two sides, both the palm and the back of hand, can be achieved via one operation. Therefore, the free string type dorsalis pedis flap and anterior malleolus flaps offer an ideal procedure to repair skin defects secondary to penetrating wound of palm.

BACKGROUND: There is an intimate temporal and spatial relationship between growth of primitive cardiac cells, septum transversum mesenchyme and liver development. The signal from primitive cardiac cells and septum transversum mesenchyme induces the ventral foregut endoderm cells specialize toward hepatocytes. While the septum transversum mesenchyme provides a suitable environment for forming the liver bud and promoting the growth and differentiation. However, the molecular mechanism of this induction is not yet delineated.OBJECTIVE: Using alpha-fetal protein (AFP), c-Met and cytokeratin (CK) 19 as markers of hepatic stem cells, the growth of early human embryo of 3-5 weeks and morphologic characteristic of hepatic stem cells were observed to demonstrate the characteristic and factors that affected the proliferation and differentiation of hepatic stem cell, which provided experimental evidence for basic research and clinical application of hepatic stem cells.DESIGN: An opening experiment was designed.SETTING: Department of Anatomy, Weifang Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Scientific Research Center of Chengdu Medical College between September 2004 and January 2005. Twenty cases fresh human embryos aged less than 2 months were collected with signed agreements of the pregnant women suffering from pregnancy termination with mifepristone. The samples were fixed with 40 g/L polymerisatum in 20 minutes and embedded routinely in paraffin, and then 5 μm thick series sections were continuously made. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the embryonicage was determined under the microscope according to the length of embryos, the number of somites and the development of organs, which was referring to the Jirasek's staging standard of human embryo.METHODS: The immunohistochemical staining was conducted with SABC method on one of every ten sections, which were incubated overnight at 4 ℃ with polyclonal antibodies against hepatocyte growth factor (HGF),c-Met, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-Ⅰ), IGF-Ⅰ receptor (IGF-IR), transforming growth factor (TGFβ1), TGFβR1, TGFβR2 or monoclonal antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), AFP and CK19.The following day, the sections were incubated for 2 hours at room temperature with biotinylated anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG and SABC liquid respectively, and then diaminobenzidine (DAB) was used to color them. The negative control was conducted with the phosphate buffer, then the sections were observed and photographed under light microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUERS: ①the morphologic characteristic of human hepatic stem cells and immunohistochemical staining of markers②the expression of HGF, IGF-Ⅰ, TGFβ1 and their receptors on human embryonic livers of 3-5 weeks, primitive cardiac cells and septum transversum mesenchyme.RESULTS: ①The morphologic characteristic of human hepatic stem cells and immunohistochemical staining of markers: The hepatic bud formed at the end of 3rd week and migrated into the septum transversum mesenchyme to form the hepatic cords at the 4th week. The cells structuring the hepatic cords displayed the typical characteristic of immature cells. At the 5th week, the number of cells within the hepatic cords, the size of cell body,the cytoplasmic acidophilia all increased, whereas the basophilia of nuclei decreased. However the cellular forms were still homogeneous and displayed the typical characteristic of immature cells. The cells of hepatic cords were negative for PCNA response during 3rd-4th week but began to express positive at the 5th week, mainly in the nucleus and minority cellular cytoplasm showed weak positive. Most hepatic cells during 3rd-5th weeks were positive for AFP, c-Met and negative for CK19. The immunologic reaction depositors of AFP positive cells were located in the nuclei, cytoplasm and membrane of the hepatocytes, and c-Met presented mainly in the nuclei and the positive signal was weak in the cytoplasm. ②Expressions of HGF, IGF-Ⅰ, TGFβ1 and their receptors in the embryonic human liver, primitive heart and septum transversum mesenchyme: At the 4th week,the c-Met expressed only in all hepatocytes, whereas the other growth factors and their receptors were undetectable. At the 5th week, all the growth factors, except HGF, were expressed in the hepatocytes. The immunologic reaction depositors of TGFβ1, TGFβ1R1 and TGFβ1R2 were located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The positive response of IGF-Ⅰ and IGF-IR were present at nuclei, cytoplasm and cell membrane. At the 3rd-5th week, myocardial cells surrounding liver bud or hepatic cord and the septum transversum mesenchyme were positive for HGF, TGFβ1 and IGF-Ⅰ,with the signals were aggregated mainly in cytoplasm and minority nucei.CONCLUSION: ①It was at the end of 3rd week that part of endoderm cells in foregut ventral were specialized to hepatic stem cells. ②The undifferentiated hepatic stem cells could be drawn to develop to the liver stem cells with bi-directional differentiation potentials by using specific markers for studying human embryonic liver stem cells. According to the corresponding relation of embryonic age between human and rats, the time studying the rat hepatic stem cells could be calculated. ③HGF, IGF-Ⅰ,TGFβ1 and their receptors promoted the early development of human embryonic liver.