Aim To investigate the role of T type calcium channel of spinal cord and supraspinal on the pain threthold of the rats following chronic constriction injury(CCI) of the sciatic nerve.Methods Intrathecal and lateral ventricle injection were employed in this study.With Von Frey hair and radiant thermal stimulator,we measured the mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL)of the rats after injected mibefradil.Results The rats of CCI group formed steady mechanical and heat hyperaglsia from the third day after operation to the end of this study.Administered intrathecally mibefradil 50,100,200 ?g can increase the CCI rats MWT and TWL.However,mibefradil administered lateral ventricle can reduce the CCI rats MWT and TWL.Conclusion Blocking T type calcium channel of spinal can inhibit mechanical and heat hyperalgesia of the CCI rats,However,bloking the T type calcium channel of supraspinal can enhance the mechanical and heat hyperalgesia of the CCI rats.

Objectives To analyze the clinical features and outcome of typhoid fever complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome (Ty-AHS) in children.Methods The clinical data from one case of Ty-AHS was retrospectively analyzed, and related articles were reviewed.Results A 4-year-old boy suffered from persistent diarrhea, alternating high and low temperature, apathia, hepatosplenomegaly, manifestation of acute peritonitis, and pyoperitoneum. Routine blood examination showed that eosinophil was 0, and hemoglobin and platelet were obviously decreased; CRP and procalcitonin were obviously increased;plasma ifbrinogen was dropped to 0.8 g/L; lactate dehydrogenase was elevated to 3835 U/L; Serum ferritin was 1884 ng/mL;triglyceride was 2.42 mmol/L; EBV-DNA titer was 2.81×104 copies/mL; Blood culture showed salmonella enterica serotype IIIb. Abdominal ultrasonography showed enlargement of mesenteric lymph node and middle volume of pyoperitoneum. Chest X-ray showed pneumonia. Lymphocyte analysis showed that the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was decreased; CD3-CD16+56+ cell and CD19+ cell were all decreased. Bone marrow cytomorphologic examination revealed that bone marrow hyperplasia was active, there were no obvious abnormalities in granulocyte, macrophage and macrophage and there were a lot of tissue cells and white blood cells. After two weeks of strengthened anti-infection and dexamethasone treatment, the symptoms in patients were disappeared, and signs and laboratory tests gradually returned to normal.Conclusions Ty-AHS is a rare complication in children with acute onset and rapid progression, and combination of antibiotics and hormone therapy is effective.

tralateral parietal lobe. Conclusions CIMT can improve the patients' upper-limb function effectively. The constraint-induced movement of the affected arm during CIMT appears to induce cortical reorganization and compensation as measured by fMRL

Objective To determine the specific recognition of Echinococcus granulosus (E.g.) cyst fluid crude antigen (EgCF) and antigen B (EgB) by serum specific IgG and IgE using Western blotting during anaphylactic shock induced by E. g. in sheep, and to investigate the importance of defined characteristics and molecular weight of the specific antigens. Methods EgCF was obtained through local slaughterhouses in Urumqi from the cysts of infected sheep liver. Western blotting was used to analyze total specific IgG and IgE antibodies in serum from sheep infected with E.g. using either crude antigen of E. g. and EgB, and to understand specific recognition of hydatid cyst antigens by serum total IgG and specific IgE. Results SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed that there were differences between EgB and EgCF in electrophoresis pattern. EgB was recognized by IgG from sera of infected sheep in a series of bands with molecular weight ranging from 31, 43 to 66.2 kDa. No binding of IgG against EgCF was observed in any serum from the infected sheep during anaphylactic shock. In contrast, specific IgE antibodies in E. g. infected sheep obviously recognized the single 43 kDa subunit of EgCF, but no binding of specific IgE against EgB was observed in sera of the infected sheep. Conclusion EgCF is consisted of antigenic components in which there is a specific antigen against IgE with a molecular weight of over 43 kDa. This component may lead to an anaphylactic shock induced by E. g. . EgB is a specific antigen against the total IgG but not to the specific IgE.

Objective To investigate the change of specific antibodies IgG, IgG1 subclass and IgE in sheep infected with Echinococcus granulosus(E.g) during anaphylactic shock, and to observe antigen B reactivity against IgG antibody in E.g\|infected sheep. \ Methods\ Antigen B and crude antigen were prepared with E.g cyst fluid (EgCF) from infected sheep. The enzyme\|linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used for detecting the level of specific IgG, IgG1 and IgE during anaphylactic shock in sheep induced by E.g. \ Results \ The level of specific IgG, IgG1 and IgE was significantly higher in the infected sheep after 6 months than that of the uninfected control group (P

Objective To investigate the evidence of cortical reorganization in stroke hemiplegia treated with constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT)by fMRI.Methods Five patients with chronic stroke were evaluated with the Action Research Arm Test(ARAT).The functional MRI(fMRI)was performed on a 3.0-T MRI with echo-planar imaging.The subjects were required to finish the finger-tapping task and undergo fMRI before and after CIMT.A block design was used for the inspection.Results After CIMT,the function of upper limb(sick side)of patients improved significantly assessed by ARAT(P<0.001),and cortical reorganization was found on fMRI.Conclusion CIMT can improve motor function of upper limb of chronic stroke patients with hemiplegia and induce cortical reorganization as measured by fMRI.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) manifests as the aggregation of misfolded and unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and disorder of calcium balance and can activate the signaling pathways involved in unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum overload reaction, and sterol regulatory cascade response. ERS can not only exert a protective effect by inducing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones such as glucose-regulated protein 78 and glucose-regulated protein 94, but also induce cell apoptosis. At present, there is still no systematic understanding of ERS involvement in the development and progression of liver diseases. This article summarizes the research advances in ERS-related signaling pathways and related liver diseases and elaborates on the role of ERS-mediated cell apoptosis in liver diseases. The intervention of ERS signaling pathways may provide a reference for the research and treatment of liver diseases in the future.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory role of tyrosine kinase 2 with immunoglobulin-like and epidermal growth factor homology domains (Tie2) on apoptosis and proliferation in the endothelial cells.

METHODSRNA interference (RNAi) technique was used to silence Tie2 gene expression by transfecting an expression vector containing short hairpin RNA(shRNA) for Tie2 into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Real time quantitation reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to monitor Tie2 mRNA, as well as protein expression. The proliferation of HUVECs was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), and the apoptosis was detected under microscope. HUVECs transfected with pGenesil-hk was negative control, and HUVECs transfected with nothing was empty control.

RESULTSTie2 mRNA expression was down-regulated 24 h and 48 h after transfection, and Tie2 protein expression was significantly down-regulated at 24 h and 48 h (P< 0.05), especially 48 h after transfection. The apoptosis rate was conspicuously higher in experimental group than in negative control and empty control group after 48 h (P<0.05). The growth monitoring showed that proliferation was also markedly inhibited in experimental group (P<0.05) compared with two control groups.

CONCLUSIONDown-regulated expression of Tie2 by RNAi can promotes apoptosis of HUVECs and has an anti-proliferation activity effect on them.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; EGF Family of Proteins ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; TYK2 Kinase ; Transfection

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) on some inflammatory mediators during the progression of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) and its clinical significance. MethodsA total of 15 patients with HAE who underwent partial liver resection in Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from June 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled, and the marginal zone of HAE lesion was resected as AE group; 15 normal liver tissue samples collected during the same period of time were selected as control group. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12, and glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP-78), and q-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; a Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between two variables. ResultsCompared with the control group, the AE group had significantly higher protein expression levels of PERK, CHOP, caspase-12, and GRP78 (U=4.165, 3.461, 2.577, and 3.344, all P＜0.001) and their mRNA expression levels (t= 34003, 4.461, 53.573, and 55.224, all P＜0.001). The AE group had significantly higher mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF than the control group (t=6.090, 12.578, and 53.573, all P＜0.001). The protein expression levels of PERK, CHOP, caspase-12, and GRP-78 were positively correlated with the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF (all r＞0.700, all P≤0.05). ConclusionPositive correlation is observed between the activation of ERS and inflammatory mediators in HAE, and excessive activation of ERS can change the secretion of several inflammatory mediators to exacerbate liver injury, while further studies are needed to clarify the specific mechanism.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors in China, which seriously threatens the life and health of the nation. Hepatic vein tumor thrombosis (HVTT) is one of the common clinical manifestations. The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma combined with HVTT is extremely poor, and there is no unanimous opinion on its treatment in China and abroad. Currently, Asian guidelines recommend multidisciplinary treatment for patients with vascular invasion. This article reviewed the current progress in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma combined with HVTT.