Objective: To compare and analyze the maxillary lingual arch forms of ClassⅠmalocclusions after extraction and non-extraction treatment respectively. Methods: 60(30 with extraction, 30 non-extraction)maxillary dental models of ClassⅠmalocclusions after orthodontic treatment were measured in lingual arch widths and depths. The data were analyzed by statistical methods and the charts of lingual arch forms were drawn. Results: The lingual arch widths and depths in anterior segments of the extraction group were significantly larger than those of the non-extraction group(P0.05). The lingual arch forms of the two groups were similar in anterior segments, and more different in premolar and first molar segments, but similar from the distal lingual cusp of the first molars. Conclusion: The lingual arch forms of the two groups are similar in appearances, but the anterior segments of the extraction group are deeper than that of the non-extraction group.

Objective To investigate the effect of rocuronium on spectral entropy during induction of general anesthesia in patients of Uygur nstionality. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients (Uygur nationality) of both sexes, aged 20-50 yr, weighing 45-70 kg, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n = 20 each): normal saline (NS) group and rocuronium group (group R). Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of propofol. The initial target plasma concentration wan net at 2 μg/ml. The concentration wan then increased by 0.5 μg/ml every 4 min until response entropy (RE) was decreased to 45 and maintained for 4 min. When the plasma concentration was equal to the effect-site concentration, iv rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was injected in group R, while group NS received the equal volume of NS instead. Fentanyl 3 μg/kg was injected intravenously at 3 min after recuronium administration. The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. State entropy (SE) and RE were recorded immediately before induction (baseline, To), before rocuronium administration (T1), 2 main after rocuronium administration (T2) and at 0, 1, 2 and 3 min after intubation (T3-6). The difference between RE and SE wan calculated. Results The RE value at T3 and T4 and the difference between RE and SE at T2.5 were significantly lower in group R than in group NS ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Rocuronium can decrease the RE value and degree of increase in the difference between RE and SE during induction of general anesthesia in patients of Uygur nationality, which may affect the accuracy of spectral entropy in monitoring the depth of anesthesia.

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of microscrew implant anchorage (MIA) in speeding up the closure of extraction space by one step and retraction of anterior teeth. Methods: Twenty-three patients with teeth extraction and required strong posterior anchorage were treated with MIA to close the extraction space. The extraction spaces were closed by two methods respectively. The extraction spaces were closed by the method of one step and retraction of anterior teeth(Ni-Ti spring from MIA to the hook on the wire combined with the elastic pull from MIA to cuspid) on the experiment sides and by the traditional one step method(Ni-Ti spring from MIA to the hook on the wire alone) on the control sides. Which side treated as trial side or control side was selected at random. The period of the space closing, the way and position of anterior teeth movement were observed on each side and the period of the space closing of two sides were tested by paired t test. Results: ①The average period of the spaces closing which was (6.69±1.07) months on the trial side and (9.56±1.19) months on the control side was significantly different (P<0.05).② After the closure of extraction spaces, the cuspid achived better position on the trial side than the contral side on which cuspid presented distal-lingual rotation. Conclusion: The extraction spaces can be closed in all cases by two methods respectively. Using MIA to close the extraction space by one step and retraction of anterior teeth can not only shorten the period of space closing but also achieve nice outcome by moving the cuspid in spongy bone.

9 adults aged 23 to 43 years old were treated with bidimensional self-ligating lingual bracket technique for upper teeth and labial ceramic or aesthetic bracket for lower teeth.After treatment the labioclination of anterior teeth in Angle's II patients decreased from 28.12°± 10.05°to 19.25°±3.12°(P <0.05),in Angle's III patients from 32.14°±4.71°to 28.15°±3.26(P <0.05).

Objective:To analyze the characteristics and differences of upper airway forms in the adults with class Ⅱ sagittal facial type of different vertical facial types and investigate the correlation between craniofacial structures and upper airway forms.Methods:Cephalograms of 135 adults with classⅡsagittal facial type of different vertical facial types were collected.60 cases were males and 75 cases were females.All the cephalograms were measured in sagittal upper airway depths.The differences were compared between genders,and also among different vertical facial type groups.Results:Among different vertical facial type groups,only the sagittal depths of nasopharynx(PNS-Ba、PNS-R)of the males and PNS-Ba of the females in high angle groups were smaller than that in average and low angle groups(P0.05),but the values of V-LPW of the males were larger than that of the famales in all vertical facial type groups(P

AIM: To investigate the primary culture method for coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs), and to establish the endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS) model in CASMCs of SD rats.METHODS:CASMCs were cultured by tissue explant method .The morphological characteristics were observed under optical micro-scope.The marker proteins of CASMCs , including α-SMA and SM-MHC, were identified by immunofluorescence tech-nique.The protein expression levels of BiP and CHOP , the marker molecules of ERS, were determined by Western blot . RESULTS:The spindle-shaped CASMCs climbed out from the edge of coronary artery tissues after 6 d, and formed the typical hill and valleygrowth pattern of CASMCs at 9~10 d.The result of immunofluorescence technique showed that α-SMA and SM-MHC were positively expressed .The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of BiP and CHOP in TG ( 1 and 2 μmol/L ) treatment groups was increased compared with control group .Compared with control group, the protein expression of BiP and CHOP was significantly increased after 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION:CASMCs can be successfully cultured by tissue explant method .ERS model of CASMCs was established by 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 h.

Objective To explore the effect of IL-1? and IL-6 on MMP-3 gene expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells.Methods We used IL-1?(20 ?g/L) and IL-6(10 ?g/L) to stimulate human coronary artery smooth muscle cells,which were co-culture for 0,2,4,8,24,36 h.IL-1?(0,5,20,40 ?g/L) and IL-6(0,5,10,50 ?g/L) were used to stimulate human coronary artery smooth muscle cells,which were co-cultured for 6 h.Then we detected the gene expression by fluorescent quantitation PCR.Results In the same concentration of IL-1? and IL-6,gene expression was up-regulated at 2 h,at 8 h the expression reached the peak,then began to descend.In different concentration of IL-1? and IL-6,gene expression was up-regulated with the dose of IL-1? and IL-6(IL-1?: r=0.907,P=0.000;IL-6: r=0.919,P=0.000).There were significant differences in MMP-3 expression among different groups(IL-1?: F=24.047,P=0.000;IL-6: F=14.081,P=0.001).There were no significant differences in matrix metalloproteinase-3 between IL-1? 20 and 40 ?g/L groups(P=0.154) and between IL-6 5 ?g/L and 10 ?g/L(P=0.292).Conclusion It suggests that IL-1? and IL-6 can promote MMP-3 gene expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells,and it may be one of the mechanisms of inflammation effect in acute coronary syndrome.

A high throughput screening method based on QuEChERS purification and stable isotope dilution-liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous rapid determination of 86 kinds of glucocorticoids (GCs) in cosmetics.The analytes were extracted by acetonitrile, and then the extracts were purified using an improved QuEChERS method.The chromatographic separation was performed on a novel multiple chromatographic retention mechanisms column of Poroshell 120 PFP (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm) with gradient elution using 0.2% (V/V) acetic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase.The accurate mass database of parent ions and mass spectra library of fragment ions of 86 GCs were established under positive ionization mode with electrospray ionization source.Based on the method described above, the qualitative identifications of the 86 GCs were accomplished without the contrast of standard substances.The results demonstrated that the linear range of this method was from 2 μg/L to 200 μg/L with good correlation coefficients of R2>0.99.The average recoveries of the 86 GCs ranged from 66.2% to 112.8%, and the relative standard deviation (RSDs) was 4.6%-13.9% at three different spiked levels.The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.006-0.015 mg/kg and 0.02-0.05 mg/kg, respectively.The method is simple, efficient, reliable and accurate, and is suitable for high throughput screening of 86 GCs added illegally in cosmetics.

Arapidscreeningmethodforthedeterminationofcarbamatepesticides(CBPs)residuesin vegetables by measuring acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) inhibition rate using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ( ESI-MS ) has been established. After pretreatment by QuEChERS method, sample solution reacts with AChE using acetylthiocholine as substrate. AChE inhibition rate was calculated by determination of the conversion of substrate to product ( thiocholine) using ESI-MS. The temperature, time and concentration conditions of enzymatic reactions have been optimized. The relationship between the concentration of 10 kinds of common CBPs and AChE inhibition rate was researched. Matrix effects of real vegetables were studied. The limit of detection ( LOD) , which was measured by 3 times of enzyme inhibition rate of pesticide-free vegetable samples, was 0. 01-0. 05 mg/kg. The results showed that the method was better than the current national standard method of china for rapid screening of pesticide residues and fully meet the requirements of maximum residue limits( MRL) for pesticides in food of national food safety standard. False positive results were avoided effectively due to its good ability of resistance matrix interference. The reliability was proved by analyzing vegetables with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, reliable, and can be used for the rapid, high-throughput screening of CBPs in vegetables.

Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare and treatable disease, that is also known as hypotonia-dysgnosia-gonadal dysplasia-obesity syndrome.It is the first recognized imprinted condition due to parental chromosome 15 defect.The clinical symptoms of patients with Prader-Willi syndrome change continuously with age because of multiple organ damages, mainly including hypotonia, feeding difficulty in infancy, overeating and progressive obesity from early childhood, gonadal dysplasia, short stature in adulthood, metabolic syndrome and cognitive behavioral disorders, etc.There are consensus clinical diagnostic criteria and molecular genetics diagnostic methods in domestic and international research.However, the individualized endocrine and metabolic treatment are necessary for Prader-Willi syndrome.Life-long dietary treatment and nutritional intervention are very important to comprehensive treatment of patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, which are cheap and convenient to improve their metabolic condition.The dietary and nutritional intervention can effectively reduce obesity and complications, improve the prognosis and the quality of the life of the patients with Prader-Willi syndrome.Now, the age-related nutritional phases in the patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, the principle and applicable approaches of dietary and nutritional intervention for each phase, as well as long-term follow-up of nutritional status were discussed.