Objective To investigate the influences of age and sex on the expression of serum antinuclear antibody (ANA) and its titer level.Methods The serum ANA in 993 people aged 60 years and over were detected and titer of positive serum were analyzed. They were divided into different groups according to age and sex. Two hundred healthy cases aged less than 60 years were collected as control group. Results The serum ANA positive rate was increased with age and it was significantly higher in people aged 60 years and over than aged less than 60 years (29. 1% vs. 14.0%, x2=5. 074, P=0. 025). The serum ANA positive rates were 24.1%, 30. 5% and 33.6% in people aged 60-69 group, aged 70-79 group and aged above 80 group. Among people aged 60 years and over, the positive rate was 35.8% in female group, which was higher than in male group (22. 4%) (x2= 21. 179, P=0. 05). The titre levels of the positive samples were increased with age. In control group, the samples with 1 : 100 titre was 57.1% among the positive samples, which was higher than in the elderly group (36. 3%). And in control group, the samples with 1 : 3200 titre was 0 among the positive samples, which was lower than in the elderly people group (7.6%). The ANA preliminary screening in people aged 60 years and over showed that the titre level was less than 1 : 320-1: 1000 in female and less than 1 : 100-1: 320 in male. Its specificity could be up to about 90%. Conclusions The serum ANA positive rate in people aged 60 years and over is affected by age and sex. The positive rate is higher in female than in male and it is increased with age. It suggests that 1 : 320 to 1 : 1000 could be taken as ANA preliminary screening critical value in female and 1 : 100 to 1 : 320 in male.

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Objective To explore the clinical effect of salt-hot compress based on the theory of“Maiweiji”on mechanical phlebitis after PICC catheterization. Methods According to random number table, 202 patients after PICC catheterization were divided into the control group including 100 cases and the experimental group including 102 cases. The study were divided into the prevention stage and the treatment stage. In the prevention stage, the control group were given routine nursing while the experimental group were received routine nursing plus salt-hot compress. In the treatment stage, all the patients in mechanical phlebitis after the prevention stage were randomly divided into the group of salt-hot and the group of wet-hot by lottery, meanwhile, the group of salt-hot were given salt-hot compress, the group of wet-hot were received wet-hot compress. Results In the prevention stage, the mechanical phlebitis rate of the experimental group was 8.82%(9/102), and it was 21%(21/100) in the control group, the difference had statistically significant (Z=-2.28, P<0.05). In the treatment stage, the cure rate in 3 days and 7 days of the Group of Wet-hot were 5/15 and 10/15, and were 9/15 and 6/15 in the Group of Salt-hot, the average treatment time were (3.71±1.82) d and (4.31±1.58) d respectively, but the difference had no statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusions Salt-hot compress has the positive effect of preventing mechanical phlebitis. Besides, the therapeutic effect on mechanical phlebitis between the group of salt-hot and the group of wet-hot is about the same. Because of the simple operation, bargain price, being not contaminated clothing, salt-hot compress is more advantage.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Haikou area and surrounding area to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of MP infection in children.Methods A total of 1 699 children inpatients with acute respiratory tract infection in our hospital from 1 January to 1 December,2014 were collected.The serum MP antibody was detected.The MP infection status of different sites,genders,ages and months was retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 1 699 children patients with acute respiratory tract infection,the total positive rate of MP infection was 17.60％,in which male was 15.73％ and female was 21.59％,the positive rate of female was higher than that of male with statistical difference(P＜0.01).The lower respiratory infection rate was 18.75％ and upper respiratory tract infection was 13.70％,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The MP infection rates was common in children aged >1-4 years old,in which children aged >3-4 years old had the highest infection rate.MP infection was sporadic in the whole year and was highly epidemic in March and April.Conclusion MP was an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection for children in Haikou during 2014,and its epidemic characteristics were manifested by higher incidence in female than that in male.Children aged within 4 years old are a high onset group and MP infection occurs all year round,March and April are the relatively high onset period of MP infecting.

Objective To investigate the quality of life in man after treatment of advanced prostate cancer by surgical castration. Methods A total of 69 patients with advanced prostate cancer treated by sur-gical castration completed the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and QLQ-prostate specific 25-item (PR25) module third at a 12-month interval.The assessment points were preoporative,6 months postoperative and 12 months postoperative. Results Although there were improvement on pain relief (P ＜ 0.01 ) and symptom of urinary (P ＜ 0.01 ) and global health (P ＜ 0.01 ), the physical functioning (P ＜ 0.05 ), role functioning (P ＜ 0.01 ), emotional functioning (P ＜ 0.01 ), cognitive functioning (P ＜ 0.05 ), social functioning (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ) were found significantly reduced , and insomnia (P ＜ 0.05) and fatigue (P ＜ 0.01 ) aggravated, treatment related symptoms (P ＜0.01 )appeared predominantly, especially deprivation of sexual functioning. Conclusion The surgical cas-tration when treating advanced prostate cancer did appear to impair the physical and psychological of patients, especially the sexual functioning.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the polymorphism in the promoter region of PCA3 gene and its relationship with risk of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSThe promoter region of PCA3 gene of the DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by sequence analysis in the 186 PCa and 141 BPH patients and 135 healthy control individuals. If the samples were detected with polymorphism of insection/deletion, clone sequence analysis was used with pBS-T carrier to verify it.

RESULTSThere were 5 polymorphisms. TAAA repeat times: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 8 genotypes (TAAA 4/5, TAAA 4/6, TAAA 5/5, TAAA 5/6, TAAA 5/7, TAAA 5/8, TAAA 6/6, and TAAA 6/7) were detected in the promoter region of PCA3 gene. The eight genotypes were divided into three groups: ≤10TAAA, 11TAAA, ≥12TAAA. Unconditional logistic regression analysis models were used to analyze the relationship between different genotypes and cancer risks adjusted by sex and age. The type 11TAAA and ≥12TAAA was associated with higher relative risk for prostate cancer than the group ≤10TAAA [OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.06-2.87 (for type 11TAAA); OR=5.63, 95% CI=1.85-17.19 (for type ≥12TAAA)]. In the 186 PCa patients, there was 62.4% allele of PCA3 gene with AG/CA mutation found in the promoter 18-19 bp region of PCA3 gene and it had a close relation with the development of prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONSShort tandem repeats are found in the promoter region of the PCA3 gene in PCa patients, and the increase of TAAA repeat sequences highly enhance the relative risk of prostate cancer development. The occurrence of such STR might be related to the mutations in their upstream loci.

Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Genes, Neoplasm ; physiology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Risk

Objective To investigate the role of TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway in pathogenesis of brain inju-ry during deep hypothermia circulatory arrest(DHCA). Methods BV2 microglia cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R),in vitro model for DHCA. The BV2 were randomly divided into the control group(C group)and the experimental group(O group). BV2 viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. TLR4 and its downstream signaling molecules ,MyD88 and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-p65) expressions were detected by Western blotting. TLR4 mRNA expression in BV2 microglial cells were determined by RT-PCR. Level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in culture medium was detected by ELASA. Results Compared with the group C,BV2 microglia cell viability in experiment group was obviously weaker(P<0.05). Expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and phosphorylated NF-κB(p-p65)from the experiment group increased remarkedly than those from the group C (P < 0.05). TLR4 mRNA level was higher significantly in the group O than in the group C (P < 0.01). Production of IL-6 and TNF-α in the group O were up-regulated apparently compared to the group C(P<0.01). Conclusion TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway contributed to activation of BV2 microglia cells treated by OGD/Reoxygenation ,which was probably the exactly way that involved in pathogenesis of brain injury during deep hypothermia circulatory arrest.

Objective To investigate serum vitamin D levels in tuberculosis (TB) patients with different blood glucose status.Methods Two hundred and forty seven TB patients were recruited from tuberculosis clinics in Jilin province and 80 normal subjects who underwent health check up in Beijing Hospital served as controls.Blood samples were collected,fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum vitamin D [25 (OH)D] levels were measured.Results FBG results showed that there were 95 patients with normal FBG,69 with pre-diabetes (pre-DM) and 83 with diabetes mellitus (DM).Vitamin D measurement showed that 25(OH) D level in TB patients with normal FBG,pre-DM and DM was 16.1 (10.7,26.2) μg/L,12.9 (9.6,20.1) μg/L and 12.4 (10.4,16.9) μg/L,respectively,(x2 =19.608,P ＜ 0.001) and were much lower than that in the normal controls (20.5 μg/L) (x2 =21.701,P ＜ 0.001).Proportion of TB patients with 25 (OH)D sever deficiency(＜ 10.0 μg/L)in patients with normal FBG,pre-DM and DM was 20.0％ (19/95),31.9％ (22/69),and 24.1％ (20/83) respectively (x2 =6.376,P ＜ 0.05);proportion of 25 (OH) D deficiency (10.0-19.9 ng/ml) in three groups was 41.1％ (39/95),40.6％ (28/69),and 57.8 ％ (48/83),respectively (x2 =15.141,P ＜ 0.05);sufficient 25 (OH) D (≥ 30.0 μg/L) was 14.7％ (14/95),7.2％ (5/69),and 1.2％ (1/83),respectively (x2 =19.118;P ＜0.05).While the proportion of TB patient with 25 (OH) D insufficiency (20.0-29.9 ng/ml) was 24.2％ (23/95),20.3％ (14/69),and 16.9％ (14/48) respectively (x2 =0.933,P =0.627).In TB patients with normal FBG,risk factors for 25 (OH) D deficiency were smoking (OR =5.619,95％ CI:1.293-24.424,P =0.021),cold season (OR =14.402,95％CI:4.070-50.965,P ＜ 0.001) and smear negative TB (OR =6.194,95 ％ CI:1.873-20.481,P =0.003).Living in rural area (OR =3.429,95％ CI:1.040-11.299,P =0.043) was the risk factor for 25 (OH) D deficiency in TB patients with pre-DM and age ≥ 60 years (OR =2.474,95％CI:1.086-5.623,P =0.031) was risk factor for 25 (OH) D deficiency in those with DM.Conclusions Vitamin D level is lower in TB patients than that in normal controls.The diabetic TB patients have the lowest 25 (OH) D level and have highest proportion of vitamin D deficiency and sever deficiency,particularly for elderly patients.

Objective:To investigate the value of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and IgG4/ immunoglobulin G (IgG) ratio in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-related diseases (IgG4-RD) and other autoimmune diseases.Methods:A total of 35 patients with IgG4-RD and 937 patients with autoimmune diseases who received treatment in Beijing Hospital from January 2021 to July 2022, and 200 subjects who concurrently underwent health checkups in the same hospital were included in this study. The IMMAGE 800 and BN II automatic special protein analyzers were used to detect IgG and IgG4. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio was plotted.Results:Serum IgG4 level and IgG4/IgG ratio in the IgG4-RD group were 2.83 (2.01, 5.07) g/L and 25% (18%, 43%) respectively, which were higher than 0.35 (0.16, 0.72) g/L, 3% (1%, 6%) in the autoimmune disease group and 0.27 (0.14, 0.49) g/L, 2% (1%, 4%) in the healthy control group ( U = 795.50, 82.50, 1 744.50, 205.50, all P < 0.001). Taking IgG4 ≥ 1.35 g/L as the standard, patients with IgG4 ≥ 1.35 g/L in the three groups were screened out. There was a statistically significant difference in IgG4/IgG ratio between the IgG4-RD group and the non-IgG4-RD group ( U = 453.50, P < 0.001). The ROC curve of IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio showed that when IgG4 was 1.47 g/L, the sensitivity was 91.7%, the specificity was 83.5%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.96. When IgG4/IgG was 12.5%, the sensitivity was 91.4%, the specificity was 85%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.96. Taking IgG4 ≥ 1.47 g/L and IgG4/IgG ≥ 12.5% as the diagnostic criteria of IgG4-RD, the sensitivity was 94.3%, the specificity was 85.9%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.96, which were higher than the sensitivity (87.2%) and diagnostic specificity (82.6%) provided by IgG4 alone. Conclusion:Because non-IgG4-RD diseases can also have the phenomenon of increased IgG4, when IgG4 ≥ 1.47 g/L is taken as the diagnostic criteria, its diagnostic sensitivity and specificity are the highest. Combined detection of IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio can increase the diagnostic efficacy of IgG4-RD.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease characterized by progressive lung fibrogenesis and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonia. IPF has a poor prognosis and presents a spectrum of disease courses ranging from slow evolving disease to rapid deterioration; thus, a differential diagnosis remains challenging. Several biomarkers have been identified to achieve a differential diagnosis; however, comprehensive reviews are lacking. This review summarizes over 100 biomarkers which can be divided into six categories according to their functions: differentially expressed biomarkers in the IPF compared to healthy controls; biomarkers distinguishing IPF from other types of interstitial lung disease; biomarkers differentiating acute exacerbation of IPF from stable disease; biomarkers predicting disease progression; biomarkers related to disease severity; and biomarkers related to treatment. Specimen used for the diagnosis of IPF included serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissue, and sputum. IPF-specific biomarkers are of great clinical value for the differential diagnosis of IPF. Currently, the physiological measurements used to evaluate the occurrence of acute exacerbation, disease progression, and disease severity have limitations. Combining physiological measurements with biomarkers may increase the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnosis and disease evaluation of IPF. Most biomarkers described in this review are not routinely used in clinical practice. Future large-scale multicenter studies are required to design and validate suitable biomarker panels that have diagnostic utility for IPF.
Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis* ; Biomarkers ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Lung ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Disease Progression ; Prognosis