Aim To study the action mechanism of hyperin(Hyp) on neonatal rat's neuron with anoxia/reoxygenation(A/R).Methods The dissociated neonatal rat brain cells were subjected to 30 min of anoxia or followed 40 min of reoxygenation.Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)in the supernatant were measured.The intracellular free calcium concentration([Ca~(2+)]_i)in brain cells was assayed with Fura 2-AM method.Results Anoxia induced a significant increase of LDH in the supernatant from (62.0±13.0) U·L~(-1)(Sham group)to (116.0±16.6) U·L~(-1)(Control group,P<0.01),and reoxygenation markedly increased LDH and MDA in the supernatant from (45.6±9.2) U·L~(-1) and (9.1±0.9) μmol·L~(-1)(Sham group)to (106.0±17.4) U·L~(-1) and (16.4±2.7) μmol·L~(-1)(Control group,P<0.01),respectively.In the range of 1.0 ～ 16.0 μmol·L~(-1),Hyp markedly and concentration-dependently inhibited anoxia-or reoxygenation-evoked increases of LDH and MDA.1.0～16.0 μmol·L~(-1) Hyp not only inhibited anoxia-induced increase of NO in the supernatant and rise of [Ca~(2+)]_i in brain cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but also attenuated reoxygenation-evoked increases of NO and[Ca~(2+)]_i(P<0.05 or P<0.01),Hyp 16.0 μmol·L~(-1) significantly reduced NO and[Ca~(2+)]_i from (34.4±6.3) μmol·L~(-1) and (640±94) nmol·L~(-1) to (25.0±5.1) μmol·L~(-1) and (331±56) nmol·L~(-1),respectively.Conclusion The protective effect of Hyp on A/R-injured neurons may be related to the inhibition of overload of[Ca~(2+)]_i,NO release and lipid peroxidation.

OBJECTIVETo study the modulatory effect of Sophora flaveacens and co-administration with Veratrum nigrum on the activity and mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in rat liver.

METHODRat liver microsomal cytochrome P450, b5, aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND), p-nitrophenol-hydroxylase (pNPH) activities were quantitated by UV chromatography. The mRNA expression level of five CYP isoenzymes CYP1A1, CYP2B1/2, CYP2C11, CYP2E1 and CYP3A1 were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS. flaveacen and its combination with V. nigrum can dramatically reduce P450 and b5 protein content. Both single and combined use inhibited the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase. At the mRNA level, the expression of CYP2C11 markedly induced exposure to V. nigrum, while decreased after combination with S. flaveacens. S. flaveacens can induce CYP2B1/2 gene expression, while the Sophora- Veratrum group showed weak inhibition. Both single and co-administrated group have some inhibitory effect on CYP3A1 gene expression, while CYP1A gene expression almost has no change in each group.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that compatibility of Sophora and Veratrum in a prescription also have herb-herb interactions based on P450. The possible mechanisms of its incompatible effects need to be further analysised via integrating with metabolic studies.

Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Veratrum ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that tissue-engineered stem cel therapy is feasible to repair peripheral nerve injury, but the repair mechanism is unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the differentiation and homing of bone marrow mesechnymal stem cel s under local nerve microenvironment by exploring the migration and effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the repair of damaged nerve.
METHODS:Male SD rats, aged 8 weeks, were selected to establish segmental nerve injury models by freezing the sciatic nerve. Thirty-six model rats were randomized into three groups (n=12):frozen nerve injury group, cel injection into the nerve group, cel injection around the nerve group. Before modeling and at 4, 8, 12 weeks after cel implantation, the sciatic nerve function index was measured. Electrophysiological test, contractility recovery rate, wet weight recovery rate of the triceps surae were detected and Masson staining was performed;toluidine blue staining of the distal nerve injury and immunofluorescence staining of the damaged nerve were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4, 8, 12 weeks after cel implantation, the sciatic nerve function index was ranked as fol ows:frozen nerve injury group

Objective To investigate hypolipemic treatment of hyperlipidemic panereatiti(HLP)with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.Methods Cinical data of 20 patients of HLP were analyzed retrospectively.Eight patients in the control group were treated with conventional therapies,while 12 patients in the treatment group were treated as follows:①Enema with 180ml solution(50% magnesium sulfate 30 ml.Glycerin 60ml,water 90ml).②Rhubarb gastrogavage with 9 g tid.③Intravenous drip with 24 g salvia miltiorrhiza qd.Results The treatment group had significant difference comparing with the control group in terms of the serum TG in 48 hours(P<0.01),time of autonomous bowel movement recover(P<0.01),days of abdominal pain disappear(P<0.05),days of hospitalization(P<0.01).Conclusion The treatment of Enema with 180 ml solution.Rhubarb gastrogavage with 9g tid,and Intravenous drip with 24 g salvia miltiorrhiza qd can relieve the symptoms of HLP and decrease blood-fat greatly.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the change of serum vascular epidermis growth factor(VEGF) level and curative effect of pancreatic cancer treated by gamma rays, and evaluate it clinical significance. Methods The serum VEGF level of thirty patients with pancreatic cancer treated by gamma rays were determined before and one month after treatment. The relationship between curative effect,survival, life quality and the serum VEGF level was analyzed. Results The serum VEGF level of 30 cases before treatment was (624.1 ± 144.3) pg/ml, whereas one month after treatment it was (279.3 ± 83.4) pg/ml(P ＜0.01 ). In the 19 patient whose serum VEGF level decreased by more than 50%, CR + PR was gained in 18 patients, improved quality of life in 7 patients, and in the 11 patient whose serum VEGF level decreased by less than 50%, CR + PR in 7 patients, improved quality of life in 1 patient( P = 0.012, P = 0. 028). In 24patients who completed 2 years follow-up, 11 of 15 patients whose serum VEGF level decreased by more than 50% survived more than 1 year, which was higher than that of the patients whose serum VEGF level decreased by less than 50%. Conclusions The serum VEGF level decreased significantly after gamma rays treatment and the extent of decrease could be used as a surrogate to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy.

Objective: To investigate the effects of andrographolide on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Methods: LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in media with different concentrations of andrographolide. Cytotoxicity of andrographolide was detected by cell counting kit-8. The macrophages were lysed, and then expressions of phosphorylated ERK1/2, JNK and p38 and nuclear factor-κB inhibitor (IκBα) protein were detected by Western blotting and TNF-α mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Supernatants of the macrophages were used to detect content of TNF-α protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Andrographolide at 1-100 μg/mL showed no cytotoxicity on LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Andrographolide inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages, which was concentration-dependent (P<0.01). Andrographolide at 1-25 μg/mL had no effects on phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 and IκBα degradation in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. In activated macrophages, TNF-α expression was inhibited by 12 μg/mL andrographolide and 20 μmol/L PD98059 (inhibitor of ERK1/2 signaling pathway) at both mRNA expression and protein secretion levels. Conclusion: In LPS-activated macrophages, andrographolide may inhibit the expression of TNF-α by inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of HBV genotypes in Changzhou area and to clarify the genotype-related difference in the liver function, the level of HBV DNA and the long-term effect of lamivudine in the pathogenicity of HBV.

METHODSNested PCR and sequence analysis were conducted in 14 acute hepatitis (AH), 104 chronic hepatitis (CH), and 28 liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (LC/HCC) patients.

RESULTSOne hundred and forty six samples were positive for HBV DNA, and 51 samples were classified as genotype B (34.9%), 95 samples were classified as genotype C, serum ALT value was 383.8 +/- 335.7 IU in patients with HBV genotypes B, and 364.3 +/- 333.7 IU in genotypes C, HBV DNA value was 10(7.795 +/- 1.22) copies/ml in genotypes B and 10(7.69 +/0- 1.19) copies/ml in genotypes C, and there were 36 and 64 HBeAg positive cases in patients with genotypes B and C; there were no significant difference on the level of ALT, HBV DNA and the expression of HBeAg (P>0.05), but genotype C in LC/HCC was higher than CH (P<0.01). Twenty three genotype B and forty five genotype C patients received lamivudine treatment, after 48 weeks, 18 genotype B and 14 genotype C patients had higher ALT or HBV DNA positive.

CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate that genotype B and C existing Changzhou area; genotype C is associated with the development of severe liver disease and better therapeutic effect could be obtained in the patients with genotype C.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis ; etiology ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; etiology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Treatment Outcome

In order to observe the DPOAE of guinea pigs under awake and anesthetic conditions, we invesitigated the amplitude of distortion product emission and I/O function curves and made a comparative analysis of their changes under different conditions. It was found that the amplitude of DPOAE and I/O curves did not show difference in the guinea pigs under awake and anesthetics conditions. We deem it credible and simple to measure DPOAE in the guinea pigs under awake condition, which is similar to measuring DPOAE in the guinea pigs under physiological condition.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Cochlea ; physiology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous ; physiology

Spinal infection is a serious health-threatening clinical condition, which more frequently occurs in solid organ transplantation receipients than in non transplant receipients. With the increase of solid organ transplantation, the incidence of secondary spinal infection has been increased in recent years. The symptoms and signs of secondary spinal infection are not obvious, and early diagnosis and treatment are difficult, leading to recurrent attacks and protracted disease courses. This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of secondary spinal infection after solid organ transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of totally laparoscopic exclusion of splenic artery aneurysm combined with pericardial devascularization for portal hypertension com-plicated with splenic aneurysm.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 17 patients with portal hypertension complicated with splenic aneurysm who were admitted to 2 medical centers (15 cases in Shenzhen University General Hospital and 2 cases in Wuhan First Hospital) from January 2013 to May 2020 were collected. There were 7 males and 10 females, aged (59±14)years. All patients underwent totally laparoscopic exoclusion of splenic artery aneurysm combined with pericardial devascularization. Observation indicators : (1) surgical and postoperative conditions; (2) complications; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted by out-patient examiantion and telephone interview to detect the effect of exclusion of arterial tumor, and blood re-flow, portal vein thrombosis and survival of patients 3 months after operation. The follow-up was up to December 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Results:(1) Surgical and postoperative conditions. All 17 patients successfully completed the operation, without perioperative death. The operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss of 17 patients were (181±30)minutes, 187(range, 90?420)mL. The white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, serum albumin were (9±4)×10 9/L, (3.5±0.9)×10 12/L, (86±17)g/L, (36±7)g/L on the postoperative day 3. Time to postoperative abdominal drainage tube removal and duration of post-operative hospital stay were (7±4)days and (11±4)days. (2) Complications. All 17 patients had ascites after surgery, which were improved after oral treatment with diuretics. There was no complication such as intra-abdominal hemorrhage, gastrointestinal fistula, pleural effusion, infection, abscess formation, fever and vascular embolism. (3) Follow-up. All the 17 patients were followed up for 28.6(range, 7.0?84.0)months. During the follow-up, the splenic aneurysm cavity of all patients was completely isolated, no blood re-flow and no portal vein thrombosis was observed, and no patient died. Conclusion:Totally laparoscopic exclusion of splenic artery aneurysm combined with pericardial devascularization is safe and feasible in the treatment of portal hypertension complicated with splenic aneurysm.