Urinary system often requires the restoration and reconstruction due to the impairments resulting from the congenital abnormality or acquired damage. Previously, some of autologous tissues are used as the substitutes of the restoration, but they are unsatisfactory regarding the complicated sampling, limited resources and many complications, as well as the inefficient structure and function of original tissues and organs. With the development of tissue engineering techniques, the tissue-engineered scaffold materials have provides a novel method for the restoration and reconstruction of urinary system. According to the sources, the tissue- engineered scaffold materials can be divided into artificially synthesized scaffolds, native scaffolds and extracellular matrix materials. Native scaffold materials carry good biocompatibility and low antigenicity, but their sources are little. Artificially synthesized scaffold materials are excellent in the physico-mechanical property, but some of them such as polylactic acid are absent to the specific information recognized by the cells, thus losing the cellular affinity. In contrast, extracellular matrix materials are better in the biocompatibility for the local urinary tissues. However, they are observed for only a short term, further researches needs to focus on the side effect or adverse reaction in vivo. In this study, three kinds of tissue-engineered scaffold materials have been introduced and their application characteristics in the restoration and reconstruction of urinary system are also analyzed, as well as their application prospect.

Purpose:To evaluate the relationship between po stoperative survival rate and three stage systems (Nevin,AJCC,JSBS) of gallbladd er carcinoma. Methods:From October 1988 to December 1998 a total of 30 patien ts with gallbladder carcinoma underwent radical resection in the Xinhua Hospital . All patients were classified by 3 different methods of staging.The 1-year,3- year ,5-year postoperative survival rates were evaluated according to the stage . Results:All patients with stage Ⅰ were alive. There were less cases in Nevin’s stageⅡ,Ⅲ. The 3-year,5-year survival rates in patients wit h Nevin’s stage Ⅱ,Ⅲ were better than the other two classifications. The 5-ye ar survival rates in patients with Nevin’s stage Ⅲ were better than those with Nevin’s stage Ⅳ. The 3-year,5-year survival rates in patients with Nevin’s stage Ⅳ/Ⅴ were significantly better than the other two classifications (P

BACKGROUND:Vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene have been shown to have highly hydrophobic surface characterized by resistance to water penetration and biological durability. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of peripheral arterial injuries. METHODS:Thirty-eight patients with peripheral arterial injuries, consisting of 30 males and 8 females, aged 17-61 years, were included in this study. After conventional fluid infusion, anti-shock treatment, anti-inflammation, and debridement, they received implantation of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. A 12-month folow-up observation was performed to investigate the recovery of affected limbs and vascular patency in patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After implantation of vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, al vessels were unblocked and no cases died or had limbs amputated. Blood supply of al affected limbs recovered to normal and there was no vascular anastomotic infection. Imaging results showed that vascular patency rate was 100%. Ultrasound examination results showed that at the end of the folow-up period, the inner wal of the vascular grafts was smooth, obvious mural thrombus or anastomotic stenosis did not occur in any case, vascular patency rate was 92% (35/38), and no adverse reactions related to artificial vessels were observed. These findings suggest that vascular grafts made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for repair of peripheral arterial injuries exhibit striking surface anticoagulant property and long-term patency.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignancy of biliary tract with a very poor prognosis. The therapeutic strategy of gallbladder cancer has been improved in some aspects. Identifying the accurate stage is the basis of surgical treatment. Radical resection is the only choice of treatment which provides patients long survival. For most patients in T1a stage, simple cholecystectomy is adequate, but dissection of hepatoduodenal ligament should be added when the lesions located in neck and duct of gallbladder. Patients in T1b stage often need radical cholecystectomy. Radical cholecystectomy with Ⅳb and Ⅴ segmentectomy and lymphadenectomy of N2 nodes should be performed to patients in T2 stage. Extended right lobe resection can improve the prognosis of selected T3 and T4 patients.The effect of chemotherapy for gallbladder cancer remains unsatisfactory, and current chemotherapeutic regimens were based on 5-FU, gemcitabine or S-1. The effect of a new chemotherapeutic sensitization scheme with continuous infusion of somatostatin,epirubicin 5-FU/CF and cisplatin is under research, and the preliminary results are promising. Radiation shows some benefits to patients with gallbladder cancer, but its effects are still uncertain.

Recently, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been emphasized in the area of intensive care unit (ICU) and other domains. HO-1 can catalyze the decomposition of heine and the products of its enzymatic activity, including carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and bilirubin and ferritin can play a significant cytoprotec-tive role in antagonizing inflammation, protecting cells from oxidative injury and cellular stresses. In the re-search of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), researchers have realized that it is of great importance to antago-nize the overflow of cytokines in order to improve the therapeutic effect of SAP. In this article, we give a re-view of the research progress of HO-1 and its relationship with SAP.

One case of secondary bleeding repeatedly after tonsillectomy. Secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy seldom happen to us. When the event occurs medical staff has to take effect way to control the bleeding immediately. Accumulated quantity of bleeding must be controlled to the lowest point as soon as possible. Other wise the bleeding may lead to death. This point should be considered by medical staff.
Humans ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Tonsillectomy ; adverse effects

Objective: To prepare a functional chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel for minocycline-HCl gelatin microspheres and observe its effects on repairing experimental rats gingivitis. Methods: Minocycline-HCl gelatin microspheres were prepared by using gelatin as core material and emulsion crosslinking method, then the latter was incorporated into the chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel. Established an experimental gingivitis model in SD rats and to observe the effect of hydrogel on gingivitis. Results: Microspheres thermosensitive hydrogel had obviously sustained effects on gingivitis. Results showed that GI,PD in experiment group were significantly improved. Conclusion: The chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel loading of minocycline-HCl gelatin microspheres have antiphlogistic effects on experimental rats gingivitis.

[Objective]To evaluate the effect of integrated management of blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA ) between gypsum fixed up, ice compress,elastic bandage and only with elastic bandage. [Methods]From January 2006 to August 2008,107 patients undergoing TKA were randomized divided into integrated management group( 54 cases) and control group( 53 cases).Sex,age and deseases in two groups were comparative.The patients in integrated management were treated with elastic bandage,gypsum fixed up,leg elevated by 35 degrees at the hip with knee extended, continuous cold therapy.The patient in control group were only treated with single elastic bandage.The loss of blood during 2 h, 12 h, 24 h postoperative were analyzed.[Results]The blood loss was 170 ml(85~505 ml),210 ml(105~560 ml), 260 ml(110~580 ml)at 2 h、12 h、 24 h postoperative in integrated management group,and 180 ml(110~900 ml), 320 ml(115~930 ml),390 ml(170~970 ml) in control group.The blood loss in integrated group was obviously and a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (P

Recovery after surgery can be substantially facilitated by taking fast track surgery.Preoperative patient preparation is the beginning of the fast-track surgery,and it will influence the course of patient care after the operation.Preoperative patient preparation of the fast-track surgery was reviewed.

Objective:To observe the role of enteral nutritional support in treating superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Methods: Enteral nutritional support was used in two patients with superior mesenteric syndrome after percutanous endoscopic jejunostomy.Enteral nutrition was used for 69 days and 180 days.The symptoms were observed.Body weight and index of nutrition were measured.Results: After enteral nutritional support,symptoms of two patients disappeared.Body weight and fibronectin and prealnumin increased.Conclution: Enteral nutritional support is one of effective methods of treating superior mesenteric artery syndrome.