Objective Toinvestigatetheclinicalvalueofhumanneutrophillipocalin(HNL)detectioninthedifferentialdiagnosis of bacterial and viral infections of elderly patients with acute respiratory infection .Methods 142 elderly patients with respiratory infection were divided the bacteria group (96 cases) and the virus group (46 cases) according to their infections ,42 healthy people in the corresponding period were enrolled as the control group .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and highly sensitive dry chemi-cal particles enhanced immune turbidity assay were employed to detect their blood HNL and C-reactive protein(CRP) ,respectively , and virus-specific antibodies detection were performed simultaneously .Results Compared the blood HNL ,CRP levels and their positive rates of patients in bacteria group with those in the virus group ,control group ,respectively ,differences showed statistically significant(P<0 .01) ,while the differences of indicators listed above between the virus group and control group had no statistically significant(P>0 .05) .Antibiotic treatment before and 24 ,48 and 72 hours after ,the concentrations of HNL were (216 .8 ± 64 .1) , (192 .0 ± 41 .2) ,(158 .0 ± 54 .5) and (87 .0 ± 12 .4)μg/L ,respectively ,while those of CRP were (50 .9 ± 40 .9) ,(46 .2 ± 18 .3) , (39 .6 ± 9 .6) and (12 .6 ± 9 .8) mg/L ,respectively .Sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HNL detection were 90 .6% ,90 .9% ,91 .5% and 89 .9% ,respectively ,which were higher than those of CRP (88 .5% ,85 .2% , 86 .7% and 87 .2% ,respectively) ,with statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion NHL detection possesses impor-tant significance in differential diagnosis between bacterial and viral infections of elderly patients with acute respiratory infection .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the findings by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and the risk factors for major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

METHODSThis cohort study involved 706 out-patients who received examination with CCTA between June, 2008 and April, 2011. The severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) was graded to normal, mild, moderate, severe, and revascularization. Pearson correlation analysis and ANOVA were used to evaluate the relationship between the risk factors for CAD and coronary plaques identified by CCTA, and the predictive accuracy was determined by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTSOf the 706 patients, 58.63% were found to have abnormal CCTA findings. A older age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cerebral infarction, CAD, and myocardial infarction were associated with an significantly increased incidence of coronary plaques (P<0.01). The Framingham score, LDL, HCY, IMT, HDL and TC were also significantly correlated with the severity of the coronary plaques (P<0.05). The ROC curves showed that Framingham risk score (0.845), Cr (0.766), HCY (0.697), IMT (0.693) and HDL (0.316) had greater predictive value for the occurrence of coronary plaques (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe Framingham risk score, Cr, HCY, IMT and HDL are validated by CCTA as the major coronary risk factors and can be used for screening of CAD.

Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVE To know about the development trend of small nucleic acid drugs in the world ，to provide reference for the research and development of small nucleic acid drug in China. METHODS By searching the academic literature and patents related to small nucleic acid drugs through the Web of Science literature database and PatSnap patent database from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 2021，research and development situation of small nucleic acid drugs were revealed comprehensively by analyzing research enthusiasm，R&D countries ，R&D institutions and technical topics of small nucleic acid drugs. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 59 819 documents and 37 645 patent groups were included. The global trend of small nucleic acid drug literature publication and patent application could be divided into three stages. From 2003 to 2021，the research enthusiasm for small nucleic acid drugs continued to increase. The United States ，China，Japan and Germany were the main research and development countries for small nucleic acid drugs. The number of document publications （25 703，15 927 papers）and patent applications （14 240、8 937 groups） in the United States and China were ahead of other countries ，and the research and development activities were relatively strong. Moreover，the number of document publications and patent applications in China in this field had grown rapidly in recent years. The R&D institution with the largest number of publications was the University of California （2 499 papers），the R&D institution with the largest number of patent applications was the American Ionis Corporation （1 378 groups），and the Chinese Academy of Sciences （1 580 papers）had been shortlisted among the top 10 document producing institutions in the world. However ，our country ’s research and development in this field are mostly based on basic research ，and the research on industrial application is slightly insufficient. The research focus in the field of small nucleic acid drugs mainly focuses on nucleic acid sequences and their modification and improvement and drug loading technology. RNA interference technology has gradually become a hot technology for small nucleic acid drugs.