Objective To reduce the complications of male indwelling urinary catheter and improve patient compliance by improved the traditional male urinary catheter.Methods Inspired by using ‘condom’‘fresh-keeping bags’and other pseudo catheter in clinic,the tradi-tional male urinary catheter was improved as‘pseudo catheter ’and the hydrocolloid dressing was used as bonding device.Results An im-proved male urinary catheter was successfully designed,which applied in 68 patients without urinary tract infection,catheterization failure nor foreskin edema.Conclusion The improved male urinary catheter has the advantages of less cost,simple operation,no pain,higher patient com-pliance and less complications,wihch is worthy to spread in clinic,especially in young patients and long-term bedridden elderly patients at home.

Objective To explore the design and application of psychological intervention paths for ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis patients. Methods A total of 156 ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis patients were divided into an inter?vention group and a control group with 78 cases each. A psychological intervention path table was designed in accordance with the psychological characteristics and demands of the advanced schistosomiasis patients. Five steps were used to guide the nurses involved to carry out the psychological intervention. Results Before the intervention there were no statistically significant dif?ferences all P>0.05 between two groups in SAS SDS WHOQOL?BRER scores but after the intervention all the evalua?tion indexes improved in the intervention group and there were statistically significant differences between the intervention group and control group in SAS SDS WHOQOL?BRER scores all P<0.05 . Conclusion The application of psychological inter?vention paths for ascites type of advanced schistosomiasis patients can improve their negative emotions and qualities of life.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of oxaliplatin reintroduction combined with raltitrexed as second-line che-motherapy after the first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Methods:The 48 evaluable pa-tients with advanced colorectal cancer following disease progression prior to the first-line chemotherapy were treated with oxaliplatin and raltitrexed (raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 ivgtt d1, oxaliplatin 100-130 mg/m2 ivgtt d1, q21d). All 48 patients were divided into two groups:Group A, non-oxaliplatin-based regimens as the first-line chemotherapy, 20 cases;Group B, oxaliplatin-based regimens as the first-line chemotherapy, 28 cases. Each group was evaluated every two cycles. Results:The response rates (RR) of Groups A and B were 30.0%(6/20) and 32.1%(9/28), the disease control rates (DCR) were 80.0%(16/20) and 75.0%(21/28), the median progression free survival time (mPFS) was 6.5 and 7.0 months, and the median overall survival time (mOS) was 10 and 13 months, respectively. No statistical sig-nificance was observed between the two groups in their RR, CR, mPFS, and mOS (P=0.264, 0.514, 0.713, 0.788), respectively. The most common adverse effects observed wereⅠ-Ⅱgrades of bone marrow suppression, aminotransferase abnormality, and digestive toxici-ties. The incidence of neurotoxicity (Ⅰ-Ⅱgrades) between the two groups was similar. Conclusion:Instead of irinotecan combined with raltitrexed, oxaliplatin reintroduction combined with raltitrexed for second-line chemotherapy after the first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients is feasible.

Objective To explore the status of depression in patients with advanced schistosomiasis and its influencing fac-tors,so as to provide the evidence for improving psychological interventions. Methods A total of 206 patients with advanced schistosomiasis were investigated with the self-designed general information questionnaire,the Self-Rating Depression Scale,and WHOQOL-BREF Form. Results Among the 206 cases,the incidence of depression was 69.4%,and depression was negatively related to the quality of life(P = 0.000). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the times of hospitalization(β=0.442,P=0.007)was a risk factor for depression,while the high education levels(β=-0.583,P=0.011)and the history of por-tal hypertension operation(β=-0.917,P=0.000)were the protective factors. Conclusion The incidence of depression in ad-vanced schistosomiasis patients is high,and it is influenced by various factors. Therefore,we should take corresponding interven-tions to reduce its occurrence.

Objective To study the change of unsafe sexual behaviors and its determinants in HIV-positive persons after being notified as HIV seropositive.Methods Questionnaires were employed in HIV-positive persons whose testing results being notified over 1 year in Changsha and Hengyang between March 2013 and July 2013.Results Interview was carried out on 268 HIV-positive persons who reported having considerable variability in unsafe sexual behaviors.The incidence of unsafe sexual behaviors declined from 98.8％ to 12.7％ after being notified as HIV seropositive.Risk factors related to unsafe sexual behaviors after the notification would include gender (men OR=0.443,95％CI:0.209-0.937) and living with sexual partner (OR=2.549,95％CI:1.053-6.174).Conclusion Notification regarding one's HIV seropositivity could considerably reduce the incidence of unsafe sexual behaviors in HIV-positive persons,however,women and those who were living with sexual partners seemed likely to keep practicing unsafe sexual behavior,thereafter.

Objective To explore the long-term prognosis and influence of social support and coping style of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after suffering from floods.Methods Patients suffered PTSD due to Dongting lake flood in 1998 were selected through cluster random sampling.PTSD scale civilian version (PCL-C) was used to examine and diagnose the participants in this study.PTSD was then evaluated by the social support rating scale (SSRS) and the simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ).Results Among all the 120 subjects,14(11.67％) of them were diagnosed as having PTSD.Compared with the rehabilitation group,scores on subjective support,objective support,total social support and positive coping,total of coping style from the nonrehabilitation group all appeared significant low (P＜0.05).Data from the multivariate logistic regression showed that social support (OR=0.281,95％CI:0.117-0.678) and coping style (OR=0.293,95％ CI:0.128-0.672) were protective factors of the chronic PTSD after the floods while disaster experience (OR=1.626,95％CI:1.118-2.365) appeared as a risk factor.Conclusion Chronic PTSD developed after the floods called for attention.Better social support,positive coping style could significantly improve the long-term prognosis of patients with PTSD after the floods.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of cefoperazone/sulbactam in the treatment of biliary tract infections.METHODS In this prospective multicenter study,159 hospitalized patients with biliary tract infections received cefoperazone/sulbactam,and the clinical and bacteriological efficacy as well as the side effects were evaluated.RESULTS The clinical effective rate of cefoperazone/sulbactam in the treatment of biliary tract infections was 86.78%.After treatment,the body temperature reduced to normal rapidly,the average time of defervescence was 3.09?1.81 days.Pathogen eradication rate was 85.71%.No adverse reactions were reported during the study period.CONCLUSIONS Cefoperazone/sulbactam can be used as one of antibiotics of choice in the initial empirical therapy for biliary tract infections.

More and more relevant research results show that anatomical segmentectomy has the same effect as traditional lobectomy in the surgical treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (diameter<2.0 cm). Segmentectomy is more difficult than lobotomy. Nowadays, with the promotion of personalization medicine and precision medicine, three-dimensional technique has been widely applied in the medical field. It has advantages such as preoperative simulation, intraoperative positioning, intraoperative navigation, clinical teaching and so on. It plays a key role in the discovery of local anatomical variation of pulmonary segment. This paper reviewed the clinical application of three-dimensional technique and briefly described the clinical application value of this technique in segmentectomy.

【Objective】 To study the value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the diagnosis and prediction of disease severity in adolescent atopic dermatitis (AD). 【Methods】 A total of 100 AD patients and 50 healthy individuals were selected from Dermatology Department of our hospital.The age, gender, blood routine results of all subjects were collected, and NLR and PLR were calculated.The diagnostic value of NLR and PLR for AD and severe AD was discussed by receiver operating curve (ROC), the relationship between NLR, PLR and the risk of AD was analyzed. 【Results】 The AUC of NLR and PLR in the diagnosis of AD was 0.780 and 0.769, with the best cutoff value at 2.95 and 98.50 respectively, and no significant difference in the predictive value between NLR and PLR was noticed (P>0.05). The proportion of NLR≥2.95, PLR≥98.50, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), white blood cell count (WBC) and eosinophils (E) in AD group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Before and after adjusting for confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) of patients with NLR≥2.95 and PLR≥98.50 were 12.250 vs 6.048 and 5.525 vs 4.352, respectively.NLR, PLR and E in mild AD group were lower than those in severe AD group, and NLR and E in moderate AD group were lower than those in severe AD group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The AUC of NLR and PLR in diagnosis of severe AD was respectively 0.712 and 0.675, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). NLR, PLR, RDW and E were positively correlated with SCORAD score, and the r values were 0.254, 0.198, 0.202 and 0.219 respectively. 【Conclusion】 The increase of NLR and PLR were the risk factors of AD, and had certain diagnostic value for AD and severe AD.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Previous research has shown maternal betaine supplementation alleviates fetal-derived hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this study examined the anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine intake in offspring mice and its mechanism.MATERIALS/METHODS: Female C57BL/6J mice and their offspring were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the treatment received during gestation and lactation: control diet (CD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and fatty liver disease + 1% betaine (FLD-BET). The FLD group was given a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ), and the FLD-BET group was treated with HFD + STZ + 1% betaine. After weaning, the offspring mice were given a normal diet for 5 weeks and then dissected to measure the relevant indexes. RESULTS: Compared to the CD group, the offspring mice in the FLD group revealed obvious hepatic steatosis and increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; maternal betaine supplementation reversed these changes. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the FLD group than in the CD group. Maternal betaine supplementation reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Maternal betaine supplementation also reversed the increasing protein expressions of nitric oxide dioxygenase-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in offspring mice exposed to HFD + STZ. Maternal betaine supplementation decreased the homocysteine (Hcy) and s-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) levels significantly in the livers. Furthermore, the hepatic Hcy concentrations showed significant inverse relationships with the mRNA expression of TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-18. The hepatic SAH concentration was inversely associated with the IL-1β mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS The lipotropic and anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine supplementation may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in the livers of the offspring mice.