Urinary system often requires the restoration and reconstruction due to the impairments resulting from the congenital abnormality or acquired damage. Previously, some of autologous tissues are used as the substitutes of the restoration, but they are unsatisfactory regarding the complicated sampling, limited resources and many complications, as well as the inefficient structure and function of original tissues and organs. With the development of tissue engineering techniques, the tissue-engineered scaffold materials have provides a novel method for the restoration and reconstruction of urinary system. According to the sources, the tissue- engineered scaffold materials can be divided into artificially synthesized scaffolds, native scaffolds and extracellular matrix materials. Native scaffold materials carry good biocompatibility and low antigenicity, but their sources are little. Artificially synthesized scaffold materials are excellent in the physico-mechanical property, but some of them such as polylactic acid are absent to the specific information recognized by the cells, thus losing the cellular affinity. In contrast, extracellular matrix materials are better in the biocompatibility for the local urinary tissues. However, they are observed for only a short term, further researches needs to focus on the side effect or adverse reaction in vivo. In this study, three kinds of tissue-engineered scaffold materials have been introduced and their application characteristics in the restoration and reconstruction of urinary system are also analyzed, as well as their application prospect.

Objective To report the frontotemporal rhytidectomy with small incision and the improvement of fixation. Methods Based on a great deal of rhytidectomy with conventional method, and had considering some principles and methods in rhytidectomy, we carried out the new operation with the experience of endoscopy in 1994, in which special threads, separator and dentoid cutting knife were used. Results Fifty two patients with wrinkles accepted the operation in our ward since 1996, and 48 cases obtained satisfactory clinical results. Conclusion The frontotemporal rhytidectomy with small incision is a simple and reliable wrinkle smooth operation with less bleeding and little damage as compared to traditional rhytidectomy.

Out of 438 pupils aged 9-11 years from two primary schools,58 childrenwere identified with learning difficulty(as LD group),to be compared with 60 matchedchildren but with average academic acheivement(as AA group)and 60 with high academicacheivement(as HA group)from the same class of the same school.The three groups wereevaluated with child behavior checklist(CBCL)developed by Achenbach to see the possiblerelationship between academic achievement and behavior issues.The results showed that LDgroup was characterized with low IQ,low social competence,more behavioral and emotionalissues.A multi-step rgression analysis revealed that LD was closly correlated withheperactivity,attention deficiency and boy delinquency.Based on the above findings,authorsput forward some possible interventions.

Persisting the comprehensive,persistent developing value of man-oriented is a key strategic thought guided by Deng Xiaoping theory and the key thought of "Three Representatives" starting from the general development of our party and our country in the new century.The environment ethics and the persistent development are coherent in the spiritual essence.Their tenet lies in the solution of environmental crisis,the coherent relationships of human beings and nature,the guarantee of the persistent development on the better basis of nature.In implementing the strategy of persistent development the social function of the environmental ethics is its function of adjustment and standardization;its guiding function to the practical activities of human beings protecting environment;its criticizing function;its function of education and encouragement;the indispensible basic function of environmental ethics to the environmental legislation.

Objective To study of improved laryngeal mask airway of painless fiber endoscopy in elderly patients with painless bronchoscopy.Methods To choose 108 cases of elderly patients who were treated with painless fiber endoscopy in our hospital from January 2012 to May 2013 as the research objects, and were randomly divided into the local anesthesia group and the improved laryngeal mask group, each group was 54 cases.Observed and compared the laryngeal mask insertion, patients′basic situation and adverse reactions of patients in two groups .Results The blood pressure and heart rate in surgery and postoperative of patients in the local anesthesia group were significantly higher, and the intraoperative blood oxygen satu-ration was significantly lower, but the blood pressure and heart rate in surgery and postoperative of patients in the improved la-ryngeal mask group were significantly lower than that of preoperative, and it showed no significant change in the aspect of blood oxygen saturation.The indicators of patients in two groups in surgery and after surgery, had significant difference (p<0.05), none of the patients in the improved laryngeal mask group had adverse reactions, and its incidence was significantly reduced comparing with the local anesthesia group, and the patient satisfaction scores of the improved laryngeal mask group were obviously better than that of the local anesthesia group (p<0.05), the difference was statistically significant.And the completion time of inserting improved laryngeal mask was 3 min or less, a one-time placement success rate was 98.15%. Conclusion The improved laryngeal mask airway of painless fiber endoscopy can effective stabilize the blood pressure , heart rate and blood oxygen saturation of elderly patients, at the same time also can avoid choking cough, laryngospasm and pulling hypoxemia and other adverse reactions after laryngeal mask, shorten the operation time of laryngeal mask insertion and in-crease the one-time success rate, so it is worthy of clinical use.

Objective To study the relationship between the results of stool bacterial culture and rotavirus detection with the level of serum zinc and CK-MB in infantile diarrhea.Methods 620 children cases with diarrhea disease January to December 2013 in the pediatric department of our hospital were performed the detection of zinc,myocardial enzymes,rotavirus and fecal culture.The relationship between the results of stool bacterial culture and rotavirus detection with the level of serum zinc and CK-MB was ana-lyzed.Results Among 620 samples,320 cases of bacterial culture and rotavirus detection were positive with the positive rate of 51.61%;the zinc deficiency level and CK-MB increase level in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-in-fection group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05 );the CK-MB level in the diarrhea children with zinc deficiency was significantly higher than that in the children with normal zinc,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion The proportion of the infectious diarrhea children is higher,the pathogenic detection should be paid more attention to;the children with infectious diarrhea are prone to zinc deficiency and CK-MB rise,especially the children patients with zinc deficiency is more likely to rise CK-MB,which deserves the clinical doctors to pay attention to.

Objective To analyze the hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection factors and prognosis.Methods The clinical data of 403 patients with hydrocephalus shunts,including 64 cases of postoperative infection,were retrospectively analyzed.And the sex ratio,age level,differences in etiology and infection,and their relationship with prognosis were analyzed by logistic regression.Results There were 64 infection cases (15.9％),including 47 cases of meningitis (73.5％),10 cases of peritonitis (15.6 ％),and 7 cases of postoperative infection (10.9％).The results of single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,idio-hydrocephaly,apoplexy were not significantly correlated with hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection(P ＞0.05),while age,congenital hydrocephalus,intracranial neoplasms,infection time were correlated with hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection (P ＜ 0.05).Age was negatively correlated with GOS (r =-0.478,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Age,hydrocephalus etiology and infection time were the risk factors for infection.Age is a factor affect the prognosis.

BACKGROUND:The electrocardiogram and hemodynamics are effective indicators for evaluation of cardiac function. It has been confirmed that aerobic exercise or bone marrow stem cel mobilization exert good effects on the electrocardiogram and hemodynamics of myocardial infarction animals, and their combination effects have not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise combined with bone marrow stem cel mobilization on the electrocardiogram and hemodynamics of myocardial ischemia aniamals. METHODS:Ligation of the rat left anterior descending coronary artery was done to make acute myocardial infarction models. Then, rats were divided into aerobic exercise, cel mobilization and combination group (aerobic exercise+cel mobilization). At 1 week after modeling, rats in the aerobic exercise group and combination group were subject to aerobic exercise in electric treadmil, 5 days per week, totaly 8 weeks. At 3 hours of modeling, the rats in the cel mobilization group and combination group were given subcutaneously normal saline-diluted recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, 10 μg/(kg ? d), continuously for 5 days. After 8 weeks, electrocardiogram and part of hemodynamic indexes were detected for evaluation of cardiac function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In rats with myocardial infarction, left ventricular systolic pressure and ±dp/dtmax were reduced significantly, but the left ventricular end diastolic pressure was increased, indicating cardiac insufficiency. An increase in left ventricular systolic pressure and ±dp/dtmax was found in the aerobic exercise and cel mobilization groups, but the left ventricular end diastolic pressure was decreased, indicating that both the aerobic exercise and bone marrow stem cel mobilization could improve the myocardial contraction and diastolic function. Rats in the combination group exhibited similar assessment indicators to normal control rats, indicating the combination of the aerobic exercise and bone marrow stem cel mobilization can strongly enhance the performance of myocardial contraction and myocardial systolic/diastolic functions are both improved significantly.

Recently, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been emphasized in the area of intensive care unit (ICU) and other domains. HO-1 can catalyze the decomposition of heine and the products of its enzymatic activity, including carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and bilirubin and ferritin can play a significant cytoprotec-tive role in antagonizing inflammation, protecting cells from oxidative injury and cellular stresses. In the re-search of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), researchers have realized that it is of great importance to antago-nize the overflow of cytokines in order to improve the therapeutic effect of SAP. In this article, we give a re-view of the research progress of HO-1 and its relationship with SAP.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common traumatic disease. SCI causes nutritional and metabolic abnormalities including malnu-trition and overnutrition. This article reviewed nutritional metabolism assessments, the changes and reasons after SCI. Spinal Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) are commonly used to evaluate malnutrition in adult. Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) is used to evaluate malnutrition in child. Body mass index, waist circumfer-ence and dual-energy X-ray are used to evaluate overnutrition. SCI causes increasement of total caloric intake, disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism, disturbance of fat and protein metabolism, increasement of metabolic syndrome incidence, high risk of coronary heart disease, and abnormal bone metabolism. Individual diet program should be provided to SCI patients for balanced nutrition. Periodic assessments are also necessary.