BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that mesenchymsi stem cells (MSCs) participate in tumor stroma remodeling,but the mechanism is not clear.However,myofibroblast is related with tumor strema remodeling.OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether MSCs can differentiate into myofibroblast under the induction of tumor microenvironment.DESIGN,TIME AND SETING:This in vitro observation and in vivo transplantation cytology experiment was performed at institute of Low Temperature Medicine,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from June 2006 to December 2007.MATERIALS:Twelve male New Zealand white rabbits,with 3-month-old,were purchased from Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.METHODS:MSCs were obtained through bone marrow aspirates in male New Zealand rabbits and cultured by density gradient method.The 2~(nd) passage of MSCs were labeled with DAPI,and adjusted cell density to 5×10~(10) /L.The cells were assigned into experimental and control groups.For the experimental group,the passage two MSCs were cultured in low-glucose DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 30% VX2-cultured supernatant.For the control group,passage two MSCs were cultured in low-glucose DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum.Also,DAPI labeled self passage 2 MSCs of avery animal were delivered uniformly via direct surgical intratumoral injection to observe the differentiation of MSCs in tumor tissue.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Immunofluorescense and RT-PCR were used to test the expression of α-SMA and Vimentin in MSCs of both groups 14 days later.At 3 weeks after VX2.intratumoral injection,Immunofluorescence was used to observe the distribution and differentiation of MSCs in tumor tissue.RESULTS:After stimulated with 30% VX2-cultured supematant for 2 weeks,Cy3 immunofluorescance showed that the expressions of α-SMA and Vimentin were strongly expressed in the experimental group,which was weakly expressed in the control group.Compared to the control group,the levels of α-SMA and Vimentin mRNA were obviously increased in the experimental group (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).At 3 weeks after MSCs intratumoral injection,these MSCs mainly distributed in tumor stroma and the expression of α-SMA and Vimentin in MSCs were also obviously increased,which demonstrated that the MSCs had differentiated into myofibroblasts.CONCLUSIONS:Under the induction of tumor microenivironment,MSCs can differentiate into myofibroblast,accordingly,accelerate the growth of tumor.

Objectives To assess if visual analogue scale(VAS) or Likert scale was relatively more suitable when measuring self-reported clinical outcomes for apoplexy spastic-paralysis patients.Methods Nineteen questions were made from the serf-evaluating instrument based on patient reported outcomes for apoplexy spasticparalysis patients developed previously in cross-sectional study.104 patients answered the questions by both continuous and discrete visual analogue scale(VAS),while other 110 patients by both five-point Likert scales and Likert-typo scales.Cronbach'sαfor internal consistency reliability,spearman for correlation,and exploratory factor analysis for construct validity were applied.Results Except for emotional domain,the α coefficients of physical domain,social domain and overall score with continuous and discrete VAS are higher than that with five-point Likert scales and Likert-type scales.Internal consistency reliability was stronger for VAS.lntraclass correlation coefficients were above 0.4 mostly for each item with its domain,and VAS may produce the higher correlation.For VAS,there were three factors in the exploratory factor analysis,which confirmed the domain hypotheses of physical,mental and social functions,but for the Likert scales,the result was undesiable.Conclusion The more accurate for the response options,the better for the performance.When the patient can complete the measurement without the help of others,VAS seems better suited.

60 years group was 26.6%, which was significantly higher than those in the other 2 groups (P≤0.001).The 60 years group (P=0.019).There were significant differences when the component ratios of clinical stages were compared among the 3 groups (P≤0.011).In

The Assistive Devices Program was funded and supported sufficiently, and improved the qulity of life of the disabled persons significantly (scores of SF-36). Most disabled users were satisfied with the Program. Some problems, such as inefficient way of working,undefined screening standards, lack of integrity of the assessment content, limited categories of assistive devices and home modifications,unavailable follow-up services, needed to be improved.

Objective:To investigate effects of polydimethylsiloxane coating on the quality characteristics and qual-ity control methods of medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottles,including appearance,identification,physi-cal properties,water resistance of inner surface and element leaching amount.Methods:Nine batches of coated medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottles and corresponding medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottles from three companies were used to evaluate whether the quality control method of medium borosilicate glass tube in-jection bottles after polydimethylsiloxane film was modified,and to evaluate the effect of coating on the quality char-acteristics of bottles.Results:The coating did not have effect on appearance,identification and physical properties of medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottle.The coating process did not damage the original performance of the medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottle,and lead to the matters with special attention on the inspection method.The water resistance of the inner surface of the coated medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottle was improved.The leaching amounts of harmful elements such as arsenic,antimony,lead and cadmium before and after coating were low,indicating that the coating process did not increase the leaching risk of these harmful elements.The leaching amounts of elements were determined by ICP-OES,and no significant changes were found in most metal elements.Conclusion:The appearance,identification,physical properties and element leaching quality con-trol method of medium borosilicate glass tube injection bottle after poly dimethylsiloxane film coating do not need to be changed.The water resistance of the inner surface after coating is improved,and there is no significant adverse effect on other quality characteristics.