This study is to report the preparation of complexes of Ad5 and anionic liposomes (AL-Ad5), the amplification of adenoviruses with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter gene performed by HEK 293 cells, the adenoviral vectors purified by cesium chloride gradient centrifugation, and the titer of adenovirus determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) method, hexon capsid immunoassay and quantitative-PCR (Q-PCR), separately. The prescription and experiment conditions were optimized by central composite design (CCD). The complexes of Ad5 and AL-Ad5 were formulated by the calcium-induced phase change method. The morpholopy, particle size and zeta potential were detected by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Additionally, the bicolourable fluoresce-labeled complexes (F(labeled)-AL-Ad5) were prepared and their intracellular location in MDCK cells was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results indicate that the complexes of AL-Ad5 exhibited a uniform distribution with a particle size of 211 +/- 10 nm and a zeta potential of -41.2 +/- 2.2 mV. The result of CLSM demonstrates that the intracellular location of red fluoresce-labeled adenovirus was consistent with that of green fluoresce-labeled liposomes suggesting that the naked adenovirus was well encapsulated by the anionic liposomes in complexes of AL-Ad5.

Beta2 adrenergic receptor (β2 AR) is one member of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which is a key pharmaceutical target in the treatment of asthma. Evolutionary trace (ET) method was employed to analyze AR sequences and 44 conserved residues were identified. Then molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the β2 wild-type receptor, D130N active mutant and D79N inactive mutant were carried out and tried to explore the structural/dynamic features characterizing functionally different states of the receptor,by means of investigating ET identified conserved basic residues in the wild-type receptor and its two mutants. Particularly, it was found that the departing of D130 from R131 of DRY motif and approaching to K149 are highly correlated with the receptor activation,and the movement of helix 2, 4 and 6 upon receptor activation is inferred from the observation that R151 and K270 interact with other residues in the receptor active state on the basis of little change of the side chain orientations. The results might provide further insights into the activating mechanism of β2 AR mutants, as well as the molecular bases of the diseases induced by the mutations of the receptor.

Objectives To determine the causes of cubital tunnel syndrome by performing operation,and to assess the clinical value of neurophysiologic diagnosis in cubital tunnel syndrome Methods Twenty one patients (22 limbs from 16 men and 5 women, aged from 22 to 63 years, with mean age of 49 years)suspected of ulnar nerve involved in clinical symptoms and the signs of ulnar distribution were recorded with motor conduction velocity at different sites along with the ulnar nerve and sensory conduction velocity in the hand,and underwent anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve Results Electromyographic abnormality was seen in 21/22 (range MCV 15.9～47.5 m/s,mean 32.7 m/s) of patients with motor conduction velocity in across elbow segment of the ulnar nerve. And slowing was seen in 13/22 (MCV 15.7～59.6 m/s, mean 40.4 m/s )patients with MCV in the forearms. The absent or abnormal evoked sensory nerve action potential was seen in 14/22 patients in the little finger. The factors of ulnar compressed in this study by operation were:15 ulnar nerves compressed by arcuate ligaments, or muscle tendons, or bone hyperplasia; two were involved in fibrous by adhesion;three compressed by venous plexus or concurrent thick vein;two compressed by cysts Conclusions The factors of cubital tunnel syndrome include either the common factors reported or the rare factors, such as the venous plexus, thick vein and cysts. The tests of motor conduction velocity at different sites along the ulnar nerve should be helpful in diagnosis of cubital tunnel syndrome, especially the slowing velocity of MCV across the elbow segment.

Objective To study the best multiple concentration of target controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil in elderly patients during the induction of general anesthesia. Methods Fifty elderly patients were randomized into five groups, according to the effect site concentration of remifentanil (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 ng/mL). We started the effect site concentration of propofol (PEC) at 2 μg/mL, and added 1 μg/mL every 2 min until bispectral index (BIS) was stable at 40±5. During the induction,we recorded the effect site concentration of remifentanil (REC) and propofol (PEC), heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (ABP), BIS, AAI, and isolated forearm technique (IFT). After statistic analysis, the best multiple concentration was judged. Results There was no significant difference (P<0.05) in the changes of hypertension and hypotension among these five groups during intubation. The most smooth hemodynamic conditions were found in group B, i.e. 20% and 10%, respectively. When consciousness was lost, there was a negative correlation between PEC and REC. Group B was the minimum on the change of IFT and the cardiovascular system among these five groups at tracheal intubation. Conclusions It is safe and stable to use REC 2 μg/mL for TCI, combined with propofol in elderly patients under general anesthesia. PEC is (3.5±0.8)μg/mL when the patients' consciousness is lost. And PEC is 5.3 μg/mL at tracheal intubation.

Tumor genesis and development often result from deregulation of important biological pathways at the gene expression level. Although there has been much work focused on searching gene sets using gene expression data or other prior information, proper statistical testing of the gene sets is still an open question. Most studies have expanded the testing method of a single gene into the gene sets. Parametric statistical analysis of gene sets ( p-SAGE ) was presented for determining the significant gene sets or pathways associated with a phenotype of interest. The method was applied to brain tumor experiments to identify many gene sets. Some of the newly discovered gene sets were related to signal transduction and immunity. This simple and effective method gives useful biologically meaningful results.

Objective To explore the role of somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by paraspinal stimulation in the detection of spinal cord lesions.Methods Patients with clinically suspected spinal cord lesions underwent somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs)and spinal cord conduction velocity(SCCV)test using paraspinal stimulating method.96 patients aged 15 to 75 years old with suspected spinal cord lesions of various aetiologies were tested.36 patients had demyelinating disease of the spinal cord,26 had sub-acute combined degeneration of the spinal cord,19 had myelopathy,10 had acute myelitis,5 had spinal cord corhpression.Results Paraspinal stimulation elicited somatosensory evoked potentials were Performed on all 96 patients,68 of whom underwent spinal MRI as well.SEPs and SCCV were found abnormal in a high ratio in all kinds of spinal cord lesions ; in general,78 among the 96 patients had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 81.25%.27 out of 36 with demyelinating disease of the spine had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 75.00%,23 out of 26 with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord had abnormal SEPs with a sensitivity of 88.46%,8 out of 10 with acute myelitis had abnormal SEPs,15 patients with myelopathy having abnormal findings,all 5 patients with spinal cord compression had abnormal SEPs.42 of 68 patients undergoing MRI revealed to be abnormal,in which 35 patients also had abnormal SEPs.The other 26 patients had normal spinal MRI,in which 21 patients had abnormal SEPs.Conclusions Paraspinal stimulation somatosensory evoked potentials and spinal cord conduction velocity may objectively document the abnormalities of electrophysiology,which occurs earlier than those of anatomy and radiological finds, therefore it may detect the dysfunction of spinal cord at an early stage.It is even more useful in the detecting of the metabolic myelopathy,which can hardly be detected by MRI.This technique is simple,inexpensive, and maybe useful in the diagnosis for patients with suspected spinal cord lesions.

Objective To study the growth rhythm of height, diameter at ground and the distribution of biomass of annual seedlings of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Methods Dynamic measurings were carried out after sowing to determine the indexes including the growth quantity and biomass of overground and underground part of annual seedlings of G. uralensis. Results The growing period can be divided into four stages: the emergence phase, initiation phase, prosperous phase, and late phase. The growth quantity during the prosperity period accounted to 63.3% and 50.2% of biomass of the whole year. The growth rate of root was much higher than that of the stem and leaf. The accumulating rate of biomass is the highest during the period of the July 20th to September 20th. The biomass distribution ratio of root, stem, and leaf was 49.02∶17.75∶33.23, and the biomass ratio of underground part to overground part was 0.96. According to regression analysis, the height and diameter at ground were liner correlation with underground biomass and total biomass was individually larger than that of two biomasses of diameter at ground. Conclusion The growth pattern of the height and diameter at ground is accordance with S curve and can be simulated with Logistic equation. The height and diameter at ground is linearly correlation with the underground biomass and total biomass.

Objective Effect of provenance on seed biological characteristics and seedling growth in Glycyrrhiza uralensis was studied to indicate the important role of provenance in standardization production of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.Methods Indexes such as 1 000-seed weight,water content,seed capsule penetration,germination percentage,and germination potency of the seeds from various resources were determined by general ways.Growth indexes of young seedling and one-year seedling were determined.Results Between Shanghaimiao provenance and Bayinwusu provenance,1 000-seed weight of G.uralensis in Shanghaimiao was bigger,which was 12.3 mg for the former and 11.7 mg for the latter;water penetration of seed capsule was stronger in Bayinwusu and conductance rate was twice as much as it in Shanghaimiao.Shanghaimiao seed bearing storage and seed vigor were stronger and hard seed rate was higher.Germination percentage and germination potency of untreated seed in Bayinwusu was higher than that of Shanghaimiao,but lower after treatment.Germination percentage and germination potency of smaller seeds was the highest between the two different provenances in both the untreated and treated seeds.In growth indexes of two provenances,young seedling got a significant and the most significant difference.Growth index in Shanghaimiao was higher a little,which didn't get to an obvious level.Conclusion The provenances have an effect on physical characteristics,seed capsule penetration,and germination properties;provenance and seed size have an obvious effect on young seedling growth but have not any effect on one-year seedling growth and biomass.

Objective To introduce and evaluate an improved technique of vertical mammaplasty for correction of severe breast ptosis. Methods Vertical mammaplasty that was first reported by Ma-deleine Lejour in Brussels is a technique that uses adjustable markings, an upper pedicle for the areola, and a central breast reduction with lower skin undermining. To shorten vertical scar, it was important to locate new nipple position and move up new inframammary fold. The shape of the breast was crea-ted by suturing the gland and did not rely on the skin. No scar was produced in submammary fold. Re-sults 36 cases were treated with vertical mammaplasty in our department since August 1999. The shape of the new breast was satisfactory in all patients after 3-24 months following-up. Areora necro-sis was not found in all the cases. Conclusion The vertical mammaplasty is an optical technique for correction of severe breast ptosis, Stable results are produced because the gland is strongly sutured.

Objective:To systematically review the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs)on two common respiratory system adverse events (RSAE:nasopharyngitis and upper re-spiratory tract infection)among type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods:Medline,Embase,Clinical trials and Cochrane library were searched from inception through May 201 5 to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs)assessed safety of GLP-1 RAs versus placebo or other anti-diabetic drugs in T2DM.Network meta-analysis within a Bayesian framework was performed to calculate odds ratios for the incidence of RSAE.Results:In the study,50 RCTs were included,including 1 3 treatments:7 GLP-1 RAs (exenati-de,exenatide-long-release-agent,liraglutide,lixisenatide,taspoglutide,albiglutide and dulaglutide), placebo and 5 traditional anti-diabetic drugs(insulin,metformin,sulfonylureas,sitagliptin and thiazo-lidinediones ketones).Compared with insulin,taspoglutide significantly decreased the incidence of naso-pharyngitis (OR =0.67,95%CI:0.46 -0.96).Significant lowering effects on upper respiratory tract infection were found when taspoglutide versus placebo (OR =0.57,95%CI:0.34 -0.99)and insulin (OR =0.39,95%CI:0.23 -0.73).The result from the network meta-analysis based on Bayesian theo-ry could be used to rank all the treatments included,which showed that taspoglutide ranked last with mi-nimum risk on nasopharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infection.Conclusion:Taspoglutide was associ-ated with significantly lowering effect on RSAE.