Objective To invesigate the influence of breathing motion on intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of chest wall after radical mastectomy,and explore clinical value of accurately determined target volume.Methods A total of 17 radical mastectomy patients underwent 3DCT simulation scans sequentially followed by 4DCT simulation scans during free breathing.The targets and normal organs was determined based on CT images respectively.Three sets of radiotherapy plan were designed for each patient:plan 3D,plan 4D and plan 3D-A.The Plan 3D and plan 4D was designed based on 3D and 4D targets respectively.Plan 3D was copied to 4D target with the same isocenter coordinates.The dose distribution was calculated separately to evaluate the dose-volume histograms parameters for PTV,ipsilateral lung and heart,respectively.Two planning parameters was compared with paired t-test or Wilcoxon sign-rank test.Results The average volume of PTV4D was (10.35 ± 4.80) ％ larger than PTV3D (P =0.000).Compared with plan 3D,the V100,V95,V90,D95,D90,Dmin of plan 3D-A were reduced,that were (0.78 -18.0)％ (P=0.000),(0.01-3.90)％ (P=0.000),(0-2.12)％ (P=0.000),(13-222) cGy (P=0.000),(1-118) cGy (P=0.000),(6-1 910) cGy (P=0.000).However,the V20,V10,V5,Dmean of the ipsilateral lung and V30 of heart were same between 3D plan and 4D plan (P =0.288,0.407,0.435,0.758,0.575).Conclusions The respiratory motion may reduce the target dose and its coverage in chest wall treatments,so 4DCT plan could accurately define target volume without increasing the exposure dose of normal tissues.

Objective To study the PTV by ng 4DCT and compare target,target displacement and dose distribution of 3D and 4D planning for thoracic middle or lower esophageal cancer,evaluate the clinical value of 4DCT in esophageal cancer radiotherapy.Methods From Jan to Dec 2012patients with primary esophageal cancer underwent 3DCT simulation scans first,then followed by 4DCT simulation scan.PTV and OARs were sketched in the ordinary 3DCT and 4DCT respectively.And designing two sets of radiotherapy plan for each patient:3D and 4D plan.We compare PTV,PTV displacement and OARs dosimetry's differences in the 3D plan and 4D plan.Using the paired t-test or Wilcoxon sign-rank test to compare the difference between the two sets of plans.Results The volume of PTV4D was larger than the PTV3D (195.19 cm3 vs.175.67 cm3,P =0.001) in all patients.The center displacement had only significantly difference (displacement was 0.25 cm,P =0.014) in left-right direction for 10 patients of thoracic middle esophageal cancer.The center displacement had no significantly different in the three direction for 9 patients of thoracic under esophageal cancer (P=0.722,0.307,0.208).The dose target area of V100,V95 and V90 in Plan3DC were significantly than those in Plan-3D for 19 patients of thoracic middle-lower esophageal cancer (88.62％ vs.95.69％,P=0.000;95.17％ vs.99.79％,P=0.001;97.19％ vs.99.99％,P=0.001).In 4D plan the lung V5,V20 and Dmean of heart were higher than that in 3D plan for all patients (39.49％vs.37.44％,P=0.016;19.93％ vs.18.87％,P=0.018 and 2607.74 cGy vs.2389.16 cGy,P=0.004).Conclusions 4DCT positioning technology can accuracy determine individualized expanding boundary by target area of radiotherapy for thoracic middle or lower esophageal cancer.The enlarging target volume increase the dose of radiotherapy for lung,and in the dose range in the 4D plan,but the increased dose of heart should be noted.

Objective To screen down regulated genes and find down regulated novel genes in gastric cancer. Methods Genes mRNA expression were detected between gastric cancer and normal gastric mucous membrane of five patients using cDNA microarray. Genes mRNA expression signals on hybridization membranes were analysized with computer software. Down regulated genes in gastric cancer were screened. cDNA suppression subtraction library was established by counterpart normal gastric mucous membrane mRNA(Tester) subtracting gastric cancer tissues mRNA(Driver) of five patients. After identification of the subtraction library, positive clones choosen randomly were sequenced , and down regulated novel genes in gastric cancer were screened. Some of the genes were identified by RT PCR.Results Down regulated genes in gastric cancer consist of 60 genes including tumor suppressing genes, apoptosis related genes, DNA replication and transcript or translate related genes, cell cycle related genes, cell migration related genes, etc. Two unknown gene fragments in gastric cancer were cloned. Conclusions Sixty down regulated genes in gastric cancer are confirmed. They are involved in gastric tumorigenicity and metastasis. cDNA subtraction library of gastric cancer was constructed successfully. Two down regulated novel gene fragments in gastric cancer was found.

Objective: To study the clinical effect of high pressure oxygen and Butylphthalide in the recovery of cerebral metabolism after carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: 84 patients treated from May 2014 to May 2016 in our hospital were selected. The subjects were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The control group adopted the conventional therapy and high pressure oxygen; on the basis, the observation group also took Butylphthalide. The clinical effect, duration of coma, recovery of consciousness, incidence rate of delayed encephalopathy was observed. After 1m of treatment, the HDS point was evaluated. Results: The total effective rate of control group (76.19%, 32/42) was lower than that of observation group (95.24%, 40/42) (P<0.05) . The duration of coma for observation group was shorter than that of control group. The percentage for patients with recovery of consciousness and incidence rate of delayed encephalopathy for observation group was better than that of control group (P<0.05) . The HDS point for observation group was even higher than that of control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion The high pressure oxygen and butylphthalide can improve the clinical effective rate, shorten the duration of coma and promote the patient’s recovery of consciousness. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

X-ray examination is an important part of modern precision medicine,and plays an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and evaluation of disease outcomes as well as the surgical planning.With the widespread use of digital radiology and CT examinations,repeated and excessive X-ray examinations occur that cause the subject to receive excessive or additional radiation doses which cause radiation damage.How to optimize the radiation dose to meet the diagnosis of the disease and reduce the radiation damage of the subject is an important topic for researchers and equipment developers.As a result,X-ray radiation damage has attracted the attention of governments,society,subjects and X-ray inspection workers.This article explores ways to reduce radiation dose and reviews its progress.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral anisodine hydrobromide tablets in the treatment of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A multicenter nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted.A total of 282 acute NAION patients (282 eyes) were recruited from 16 hospitals in China from July 2020 to May 2021.Patients were divided into two groups according to treatment methods, which were control group (124 cases, 124 eyes) receiving regular treatment including citicoline sodium plus Ginkgo biloba leaf liquid extract or Ginkgo biloba leaf extract tablets plus mecobalamin, and experimental group (158 cases, 158 eyes) receiving treatment in control group plus oral anisodine hydrobromide tablets 1 mg, twice daily for 2 to 3 months.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field index (VFI), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPC) were assessed at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after enrollment using the standard decimal visual acuity chart, 750i Humphery visual field analyzer, Cirrus HD-OCT 4000/Cirrus HD-OCT 5000, RTVue-XR optical coherence tomography respectively.The primary outcomes were BCVA and VFI, and the secondary outcomes were pRNFL, RPC, and the side effects during the follow-up.The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.All patients were fully informed about the treatment and purpose of this study and voluntarily signed the informed consent form.The study protocol was approved by Chinese PLA General Hospital (No.S2020-021-01). Results:In all, 242 patients (242 eyes) completed the follow-up of BCVA, and 98 patients (98 eyes) completed the VFI follow-up.In terms of visual function, BCVA and VFI improved significantly over time in the two groups, and BCVA and VFI were better in experimental group than in control group at various follow-up time points (all at P<0.05). In terms of structure, pRNFL gradually decreased in both groups with the extension of treatment, and pRNFL was significanthy thinner in experimental group than in control group at various follow-up time points (all at P<0.05). There was no significant difference in RPC between the two groups at the last follow-up ( P>0.05). There were two cases with side effects and one case was discontinued due to side effects 25 days after enrollment. Conclusions:Oral anisodine hydrobromide can improve visual acuity and visual field in NAION and accelerate the regression of optic disc edema, with good safety.