In order to study the association between lower urinary tract infection and cystitis glandularis (CG), 120 cases of CG were diagnosed by cystoscopic biopsy in the suspicious foci of the bladder. Among them, 72 cases were subjected to bacterial counting culture of urine and microscopic examination of urinary sediment, and 60 cases to fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) assay to detect HPV, CMV and HSV DNA in urine samples. In the 72 cases of CG, the positive rate of bacterial counting culture of urine was 15.3% (11/72), and gray zone rate was 18.1% (13/72). 31.9% (23/72) patients were positive in bacterioscopy of urinary sediment. There was statistically significant difference as compared with the control group (P<0.01). Only 4 of 60 urine samples were positive by FQ-PCR in detection of the three viruses mentioned above with the positive rate being 6.67%. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). It was concluded that the genesis of CG was closely correlated with the chronic lower urinary tract infection, especially caused by Esch coli.
Cystitis/etiology ; Cystitis/microbiology ; Cystitis/*pathology ; *Escherichia coli Infections ; Metaplasia ; Urinary Bladder/microbiology ; Urinary Bladder/*pathology ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/*microbiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/pathology

To study the relationship between bacterial infection and the etiology of cystitis glandularis, 36 female Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups. No intervention was given to the rats in the blank group. NS was infused into the bladder of the rats of the control group, and solution containing E. coli was injected into the bladder of experimental group. Three months later, tissue samples of bladder were collected and observed visually and under light microscope. The results showed that tissues of the blank group were normal; one sample in the control group showed Brunn's nests and cystitis cystica, and 10 in the experimental group had the change of cystitis glandularis. Compared to the blank and control group, samples in the experimental group showed significant change (P<0.05). There were no significant difference between blank group and control group (P>0.05). It is concluded that bladder instillation of E. coli can induce cystitis glandularis, which confirms that infection is the cause of cystitis glandularis.
Cystitis/etiology ; Cystitis/*microbiology ; Cystitis/*pathology ; Escherichia coli Infections/*pathology ; Rats, Wistar ; Urinary Bladder/microbiology ; Urinary Bladder/*pathology ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/*microbiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/pathology

OBJECTIVE: Probe into the causes of postoperative delayed hemorrhage of low temperature plasma tonsillectomy in children. METHOD: The methods of retrospective analysis the difference of postoperative bleeding time and bleeding rate between tonsillectomy by the low temperature plasma and the traditional cold surgical devices in 2-14 years old children. Plasma group contained the tonsillectomy by low temperature plasma between the March in 2012 to the August in 2013. Traditional group contained the tonsillectomy by traditional cold surgical devices between the March in 2005 to the August in 2006. RESULT: In the 1,000 cases of plasma group, 19 cases occurred postoperative hemorrhage, the hemorrhage rate was 1. 9%. Four cases occurred postoperative primary hemorrhage in 8 hours after operation, the postoperative primary hemorrhage rate was 0. 4%. Fifteen cases occurred postoperative delayed hemorrhage, the delayed hemorrhage rate was 1. 50%, the bleeding time was 2-13 days after operation, the average number was 7. 5 days. Nine cases had wound infection and 6 cases had eaten some food improperly in these 15 cases. And in these eaten improperly cases, 4 children had eaten fruit and hard food, 2 children had eaten a little food who lost their weight. In 860 cases of the traditional group, 29 cases occurred postoperative hemorrhage, the hemorrhage rate was 3. 37%. 26 cases occurred postoperative primary hemorrhage in 8 hours after operation, the postoperative primary hemorrhage rate was 3. 02%. Three cases occurred postoperative delayed hemorrhage, the delayed hemorrhage rate was 0. 35%, the bleeding time was 2-6 days, the average number was 4 days. CONCLUSION It is preferable for chileren to having low temperature plasma tonsillectomy. The causes of postoperative delayed hemorrhage of low temperature plasma tonsillectomy in children are probably related to the postoperative infection, the differences of operation skills, the method of stop bleeding, eating the wrong foods, irritating cough, improper nursing and so on.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cold Temperature ; Humans ; Plasma Gases ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tonsillectomy ; adverse effects ; methods

AIM:To investigate the changes of apelin in blood and myocardium, and the protective mechanisms of ganoderma spores on myocardial ischemia injury induced by isoproterenol in rats. METHODS: The model of myocardial ischemia injury was induced by subcutaneous injection of high dose isoproterenol. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the apelin contents in blood and myocardium. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the apelin mRNA level in myocardium. Electron microscope was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of myocardium. Ganoderma spores was administered i.g. for 7 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the apelin contents in blood and myocardium and the apelin mRNA level in myocardium were significantly decreased in the model group (P

Objective To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Ménétrier disease in China. Methods A systematic review of Ménétrier disease in China was performed. Four electronic databases were searched from 1993 to 2008 including CNKI and Wanfang seeking studies about pathologically performed Ménétrier disease. Results Data of 95 patients with Ménétrier disease from 62 studies was included. There were 74 males and 21 females. The mean age of onset in adults was (47.4± 5.3) years . The process of the disease was longer in male individuals that in female individals (47.5 months vs. 13.7 months, P<0.05). The main symptoms included abdominal pain (76.8%), weight loss (42.1%), anorexia (40.0%) and edema of lower extremities (36.8%), etc.Hypoproteinemia was accounted for 71.6 % and most of the patients had hypochlorhydria. The typical giant hyperplastic gastric fold was found in 88.4 % of the patients under endoscopy. The diffuse type was in predominance and mainly involved the greater curve of the stomach (55.3 %). Whereas 5.3 patients were accompanied with gastric cancer. The misdiagnostic rate of the disease was 31. 6%,which accounted for 50% in surgically treated patients. Conclusions In China, the Ménétrier disease is predominant in middle-aged males, and the process is longer in males than in females. Misdiagnosis is related to existence of weight loss and hypoproteinemia. Most of the patients with Ménétrier disease have a good prognosis even the disease process is long.

Objective To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on lymph node micrometastasis and DC cell number in stage Ⅲ gastric cancer patients.Methods Lymph node micrometastases in pathologically negative lymph nodes from 76 stage Ⅲ gastric cancer patients [56 cases with neoadjavant chemotherapy (NCT) and 20 cases without],were assessed by cytokeratin-20 antibody.Dendritic cells (DC) in HE positive lymph nodes,HE negatives near tumor foci and HE negatives far foci were assessed by CD83 antibody respectively.Patients were divided into four groups:group 0 (20 cases without NCT),group 2 (two courses of NCT in 29 patients),group 3 (three courses of NCT in 16 patients),group 4 (four courses of NCT in 11 patients).Results In NCT group there were two patients with micrometastases (2/56).All the patients were with micrometastases in control group (20/20).Difference was statistically significant (P =0.000).In HE-positive lymph node group:the number of CD83-positive DC in 2 times group,3 times group,and 4 times group when compared with no chemotherapy group were statistically significant (P20 =0.001,P30 =0.000,P40 =0.000).In HE-negative lymph node near foci group:the number of CD83-positive DC in 3 times group,and 4 times group compared with 0 group were statistically significant increased (P30 =0.001,P40 =0.001).In HE-negative lymph node far foci group:the number of 4 times group was significantly higher than 0,2 and 3 group (P40 =0.000,P42 =0.000,P43 =0.001).Conclusions Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective in the prevention of lymph node micrometastases in stage Ⅲ gastric carcinoma and it increases the number of mature dendritic cells in lymph nodes.

Objective To explore the related prognostic factors of the patients with thyroid microcarcinoma.Methods Clinical data,including clinical,pathologic,and therapeutic factor of 203 patients with thyroid microcarcinoma admitted were analyzed retrospectively.Results The cause specific survival and locoregional failure free survival rates at 10 years were 100.0% and 91.4% , respectively.Univariate analysis showed that multifocality, cervical lymph node metastasis and radioiodine treatment was associated with prognosis.Multivariate analysis revealed that cervical lymph node metastasis was the only independent prognostic factor for locoregional failure free survival.The risk of locoregional recurrence increased 2.5 folds when lymph nodes metastasis occurred at presentation.Conclusion The ratio of thyroid microcarcinoma to thyroid carcinoma increased yearly and the overall survival rate of thyroid microcarcinoma was excellent.Of all the prognostic factors,lymph node metastasis was the most important one related to survival.

Objective To investigate differentially expressed genes in the liver of rats with idio-pathic hyperoxaluria by cDNA microarray. Methods Three male rats with idiopathic hyperoxaluria were set as study group, 3 normal ones as control. Total RNA was isolated by one-step protocol from the liver of rats in the 2 groups and mRNA was purified, reversely transcribed, labeled with Cy3 or Cy5 and hybridized to gene chip containing 26 962 target genes of rat. The differences in gene expres-sion profile between the 2 groups were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Results Comparative a-nalysis revealed that the expression of 123 genes was up-regulated and 24 genes was down-regulated by two-fold in the liver. These genes were associated with cell receptor, immune, cell signal transduc-tion, amino acid metabolism, protein translation, cell proliferation and others. Conclusion cDNA microarray could be used effectively to screen differentially expressed genes in the liver of rats with idi-opathic hyperoxaluria in which many different kinds of genes were involved.

Objective To analyse the frequeney and pattern of lymph node metastasis in bilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), and establish the optimal surgical strategy for patients. Methods From March 2006 to August 2008, 58 bilateral PTMC patients received surgical treatment and the tumour characteristics, the frequency and pattern of lymph node metastasis and surgical management of these patients were retrospectively analysed. Results Forty-four patients received total thyroideetomy and 14 patients received near-totsl thyroideetomy, 47 patients received central compartment (level VI ) dissection and cervical level Ⅱ,Ⅲ, IV node exploration by internal jugular vein exposure,10 patients received level Ⅵdissection and unilateral cervical dissection and 1 patient received bilateral cervical dissection. The mean tumor diameter was (6.28 + 2.23) mm and 26 patients (44.8%) had node involvement, 88.5%(23/26) pa-tients had only level Ⅵ node involvement. Only 1 patient had node involvement in the jugular chain without level Ⅵ node involvement, 2 patients with level Ⅵ node involvement were associated with another cervical compartment nodes involvement. Conclusions Bilateral PTMC has high incidence of lymph node metasta-sis. The cervical level Ⅵ is the most common site of node involvement for bilateral PTMC and the surgical strategy for bilateral PTMC should include the cervical level Ⅵ dissection routinely.

Objective To investigate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on the intestinal barrier of obesity rats fed with high-fat diet.Methods Thirty obesity rats fed with high-fat diet were randomly divided into three groups including common diet group (CD,n=10),sham operation group (SO,n=10) and sleeve gastrectomy group (SG,n=10).The lactulose/mannitol ratios (L/M) in 24-hour urine and endotoxin in portal vein were evaluated four weeks after surgery.The levels of tight junction proteins including claudin-1 and occludin in intestinal mucosa were analyzed by western blot.Results The body weight of SG group was significantly decreased than those of CD group (P<0.001) and SO group (P<0.001) four weeks after surgery.The L/M ratio in 24-hour urine of SG group was significantly lower than those of CD group (P<0.001) and SO group (P<0.01).The endotoxin level in portal vein of SG group was significantly lower than those of CD group (P<0.01) and SO group (P<0.05).The claudin-1 level in intestinal mucosa of SG group was significantly higher than those of CD group (P<0.001) and SO group (P<0.01) four weeks after surgery.The occludin level in intestinal mucosa of SG group was significantly higherthan those of CD group (P<0.001) and SO group (P<0.001).Conclusions Sleeve gastrectomy can reduce body weight,L/M ratio in 24-hour urine and endotoxin level in portal vein of obesity rat fed with high-fat diet and increase the levels of claudin-1 and occludin in intestinal mucosa.