Vascular Ti-Ni alloy stent which has the special shape memory and superelastic was analyzed about the effect on interaction with plaque and vessels and blood flow using finite element method(FEM) with COSMOS Works and computational fluid dynamics(CFD) with COSMOS FloWorks.The results showed that COSMOS could exactly simulate the hyperelasticity of Ti-Ni alloy stent;shape memory could cause great compliance of vessels but not easily damage vascular wall;the hyperelasticity might cause stronger supporting force to properly shorten length of supporting tendon so as to increase the supporting force of the stent;the compliance was beneficial for blood circulation and decrease incidence of vascular restenosis.

Mesaconitine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in vitro. The metabolites of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method with high resolution power. A typical reaction mixture of 100 mol L-1 Tris-HCI buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.5 gL-1 microsomal protein and 50 micro molL-1 mesaconitine was prepared. The above reaction mixture was divided into six groups, and the volume of each group was 200 micro L. The incubation mixture was pre-incubated at 37 degrees C for 2 min and the reactions were initiated by adding NADPH generating system. After 90 min incubation at 37 degrees C, 200 micro L of acetonitrile was added to each group to stop the reaction. The metabolites of mesaconitine were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS method. Mesaconitine and 6 metabolites M1-M6 were found in the incubation system. The structures were characterized according to the data from MS/MS spectra and literatures. The metabolic reactions of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes included the demethylation, deacetylation, dehydrogenation and hydroxylation. The major metabolic pathways of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were determined by UPLC-MS/MS on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode combined with specific inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including alpha-naphthoflavone (CYP1A2), quinine (CYP2D), diethyldithiocarbamate (CYP2E1), ketoconazole (CYP3A) and sulfaphenazole (CYP2C), separately. Mesaconitine was mainly metabolized by CYP3A. CYP2C and CYP2D were also more important CYP isoforms for the metabolism reactions of mesaconitine, but CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 haven't any contribution to MA metabolism in rat liver microsomes.

An untargeted urinary metabonomics method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( UPLC-Q-TOF-MS ) has been established to investigate the mechanism of Schisandra chinensis in treating diabetes and its complications. The urinary biomarkers related to the therapeutic effects of Schisandra chinensis on the diabetes rats were analyzed. In urine, 28 kinds of endogenous metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers, including 13 endogenous metabolites in positive ion mode, 15 endogenous metabolites in negative ion mode, and hippuric acid detected both in positive and negative ion modes. The results revealed that Schisandra chinensis mainly affected the pathways of pentose and glucuronate interconversions, riboflavin metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, intestinal bacteria metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and tryptophan metabolism in diabetic rats. Combined with biological analysis of these pathways, the therapeutic mechanism of Schisandra chinensis on diabetes and its complications was verified. Based on the biological function of each pathway, the effect of Schisandra chinensis on diabetic nephropathy is stronger. Moreover, it also has the effects of protecting liver, decreasing fat and antioxidant activity.

The brain pharmacokinetics of hyperoside and 1 , 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and the effects of acanthopanax senticosus leaves on neurotransmitters in cerebral ischemic rat brain were investigated. In the study, acute incompleteness cerebral ischemia model was developed by ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries of rats. The differences of brain pharmacokinetics of hyperoside and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid between control and cerebral ischemic rats were determined by online microdialysis coupled with MS/MS method. At the same time, the contents of glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin (5-HT) , dopamine ( DA) , and acetylcholine( Ach) in rat hippocampus among different groups were determined simultaneously in MRM mode. ACE 5 C18-AR column was used for separation. Results showed that the online analytical method had excellent linearity (R2>0. 99). The accuracy and precision could meet the analysis requirement. Besides, the hyperoside and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid penetrated the blood-brain barrier successfully and metabolized quickly, but the absorption reduced and elimination became faster in cerebral ischemic rats; the contents of Glu, Asp, GABA and DA in brain issue of cerebral ischemic rats decreased significantly ( p<0 . 01 ) and the level of Ach increased remarkably ( p<0 . 05 ) after a preventive medication with the extract of acanthopanax senticosus leaves for one week.

To evaluate the effects of ginseng aqueous extract on learning and memory abilities and neurochemicals in diabetic encephalopathy rat brain. Diabetes mellitus model was established. Cognitive abilities were evaluated with Morris water maze test by the indexes of escape latency time ( ELT) , times of passing through the target area and the percent of swimming track in goal quadrant. We applied online MD-LC-MS/MS method to determine eight neurochemicals in rat hippocampus among different groups in MRM mode. Venusil C18 column was used for separation. Treatment with ginseng aqueous extract significantly improved the cognitive abilities of diabetic rats (p<0. 05). The method had excellent linearity (R2>0. 99). The accuracy and precision could meet the analysis requirement. Comparing with the model group, the concentrations of taurine and acetylcholine were significantly increased ( p<0 . 01 ) after treated with ginseng aqueous extract, but the glutamic acid, aspartic acid,γ-aminobutyric acid, serine, dopamine and serotonine decreased dramatically. Ginseng aqueous extract can efficiently regulate the levels of eight neurochemials in diabetic rat brain to normal.

OBJECTIVE To approach whole environment dynamic monitoring of the cross infection in operation department.METHODS To learn the experience of planning,construction and infection′s monitoring and managing of domestic and abroad operation departments,in combination with own work practice of reforming and infection management.RESULTS There were straight relations between planning,plane disposition,flow-sheet,construction quality,managing way and cross infection.CONCLUSIONS The whole environment dynamic monitoring of cross infection in operation department is very important.Of the total,the monitoring of planning design,the efficiency,rationality and safety of disposition,and flow-sheet of operation department at the beginning stage of construction is the premise of preventing and controlling cross infection there.The monitoring of construction quality at intermediate stage is the foundation of monitoring cross infection.The dynamic monitoring of alive human flow(patients,staff),logistic flow(articles during pre-operation,in-operation,and post-operation) and air current at later stage is the key point of preventing and controlling cross infection.

Objective:To investigate effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function in elderly colon cancer patients undergoing the general anesthesia.Methods:A total of 80 elderly colorectal cancer patients aged 65 to 80 years old who received the surgery with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ in Benxi Central Hospital of Liaoning Province were selected. According to the random number table, all patients were divided into 4 groups: the experiment group (group DD, group DM, group DX grouped by the dose of dexmedetomidine) and the control group. All groups were intravenously injected with 0.5 μg/kg loading dose dexmedetomidine in 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia; after induction of anesthesia, group DD was continuously pumped into 0.7 μg·kg -1·h -1, group DM was continuously pumped into 0.5 μg·kg -1·h -1, group DX was continuously pumped into 0.2 μg·kg -1·h -1, and all patients had drug withdrawal in 30 min before the end of the surgery. Under the same condition, group NS was injected with the same volume of 0.9% saline. The levels of serum S-100β protein and neuron specific enolase (NSE) of all groups were measured at the day before operation and 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after operation; Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score was performed in all groups at the day before operation and 1 d, 3 d, 7 d after operation. The change of postoperative cognitive function and adverse reactions of all groups were also compared. Results:After screening, 72 out of 80 patients met the criteria (19 patients in group DD, 17 patients in group DM, 18 patients in group DX and 18 patients in the control group). There were no statistically significant differences in levels of serum S100β protein and NSE among 4 groups before operation (all P > 0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in levels of S100β protein and NSE at different time points after operation among all groups (all P < 0.05). The levels of S100β protein and NSE after operation in all groups at different time points were higher than those before operation (all P < 0.05). On the 1st day after operation, MMSE scores of 4 groups were significantly different ( P < 0.05); 3 d after operation, the difference in MMSE score was statistically significant when the control group was compared with group DD and group DX (all P < 0.05); 7 d after operation, the difference was statistically significant between the control group and group DX ( P < 0.05). Cognitive function decline or perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) occurred in 2 cases in group DD, 1 case in group DM, 2 cases in group DX, 8 cases in the control group. The rate of cognitive function changes in group DD, group DM and group DX was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Adverse reactions occurred in 9 patients in group DD, 7 patients in group DM, 4 patients in group DX, and 3 patients in the control group, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among all groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine can slow the decline in postoperative cognitive function after general anesthesia and reduce the incidence of PND for elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, dexmedetomidine’s improvement on postoperative cognitive function has no dose-dependence.

OBJECTIVETo study the biocompatibility of porous calcium phosphate ceramics nanocomposite.

METHODSThe biocompatibility was evaluated via experiments including the hemolysis test, hemopexis test, acute systemic toxicity test, pyrogen test, and intramuscular implant test, in which biphasic calcium phosphate nanocomposite (NanoBCP) presented as leaching solution, suspension or blocks of 5 mmx5 mmxl mm. Animals including New Zealand Rabbits, Kunming mice, SD rats were selected as the host.

RESULTSThe hemolysis of NanoBCP was 1.1% (<5%). Four coagulation index levels were within the normal range. In pyrogen test, the temperature of each experimental rat increased by 0.35, 0.40, 0.28 degrees C (<0.60 degrees C, in accordance with the pyrogen-free criterion for biomedical materials). No consequent death, dyspnoea, organ dysfunction, severe peritoneal irritation or ptosis was observed in acute systemic toxic test. Newly-formed fibrous tissue could be found after the implantation.

CONCLUSIONThe material possesses outstanding biocompatibility and degradability with no toxicity or irritation, contains no pyrogen, as well as better degradation properties than biphasic calcium phosphate.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Phosphates ; Ceramics ; Hydroxyapatites ; Mice ; Nanocomposites ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the stages of calcification of the third molar and age among children in Chengdu.

METHODSThe study subjects consisted of children between 2009 and 2011 at the Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. Panoramic radiographs were obtained. The stages of calcification of the third molar were analyzed by Demirjian's method. The development of the third molar between the male and female was evaluated by independent samples t-test analysis. The Spearman rank correlation was applied to analyze the stages of calcification of the third molar and chronological age.

RESULTSThe development of the third molar of the male was different from that of the female at stage A of calcification of the third molar(P=0.026). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient revealed highly significant relationships between the stages of calcification of the third molar and chronological age of the three groups (male, r=0.808, P=0.000; female, r= 0.729, P=0.000; all, r=0.760, P=0.000). Furthermore, the linear regression equations were established as follows: Yall= 4.898+2.036X: Ymale=4.987+2.046X; Yfemale=4.819+2.036X.

CONCLUSIONThe stages of calcification of the third molar may be an available indicator in judging chronological age of teenager.

Adolescent ; Age Determination by Teeth ; China ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Molar, Third ; Oral Medicine ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Universities

Objective To investigate the effect of capsaicin on cognitive function and the expression of TRPV1 protein in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH).Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (SHAM group),chronic cerebral hypoperfusion group (CCH group),placebo control group(PC group) and capsaicin group(CAP group) with 15 in each group.The chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.The rats in CAP group and PC group were given capsaicin and saline respectively by intraperitoneal injection,twice a week.The spatial learning and memory ability and emotion of rats were observed by Morris water maze test and open field test,and the expression of TRPV1 in the hippocampus of rats was detected by Western blot.Results (1) In the open field experiment,compared with the SHAM group (22.60±4.60),the standing times of the CCH group(12.10±2.80) decreased (P＜0.01),but the standing times of CAP group (19.30± 4.16) increased compared with that of h PC group(12.50 ±2.68) (P＜0.01).(2) In Morris water maze test,positioning navigation experiment showed that compared with the SHAM group,the escape latency of the CCH group and the PC group increased (P＜0.05),while the escape latency of CAP group was shorter than that of the PC group (P＜ 0.05).And in the space exploration experiment,compared with the SHAM group (1.87 ± 0.64),the times of crossing the platform in CCH group (0.75 ± 0.89) and the PC group (1.00± 0.93) decreased,while the latency of crossing the platform increased (P＜0.01).And the times of crossing the platform in CAP group((2.38±0.74) increased compared with that of PC group,and the latency of crossing the platform of CAP group decreased compared with that of PC group (P＜0.01).(3) Results of Western blot showed that compared with the SHAM group,the level of TRPV1 in rat hippocampus of CCH group was down regulated (P＜0.05),and the expression of TRPV1 in CAP group was higher than that of PC group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Capsaicin can effectively improve cognitive impairment in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,which may be related to the up-regulation of TRPV1 protein expression in hippocampal tissues.