OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standards for Shenshuaikang granule. METHODS:TLC was used for the quali-tative identification of Astragali Radix and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in the preparation. HPLC was used for the contents determina-tion of emodin and chrysophanol ,the column was Agilent HC-C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid (85:15 , V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 254 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection vol-ume was 10 μl. RESULTS:TLC showed clear spots and good separation. The linear range was 1.9-60.8 μg/ml for emodin(r=0.999 9, n=6) and 1.6-51.2 μg/ml for chrysophanol (r=0.999 9),RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 3%,recoveries were 95.76%-103.66%(RSD=2.83%,n=9)and 97.24%-104.34%(RSD=2.65%,n=9),respectively. CONCLU-SIONS:The standard can be used for the quality control of Shenshuaikang granule.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Tangzhixiao capsules. Methods: The qualitative identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza,Atractylodes and Hawthorn was detected by TLC, and the quantitative determination of salvianolic acid B was determined by HPLC. The HPLC determination was performed on a YMC-Triart C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm ) column with the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid (24∶ 76) at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 30℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 286 nm. Results: The TLC spots were fairly clear, and the negative samples showed no interference. The concentration of salvianolic acid B within the range of 0. 012-0. 120 mg·ml -1 was linear with peak area(r = 0. 999 5), the average recovery was 100. 06% and RSD was 0. 83%(n = 6). Conclusion: The method is accurate, reliable and reproducible, which can be used in the quality control of Tangzhixiao capsules.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced increase in monolayer permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods Primary HUVECs were cultured and purified by immuno-magnetic separation.The expression of VE-cadherin in endothelial cells was determined by immunofluorescence.The HUVEC monolayer permeability was detected by the Transwell system.The cells were seeded on the upper chamber (2 × 105 cells/well) and cultured for 3 days after confluence.The cells were treated in two ways.The cells were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =36 each) and 5 of the 6 groups treated with 1,2,5,10 and 20 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h except for control group.The cells were also randomly divided into 5 groups (n =30 each) and 4 of the 5 groups were pretreated with 0,10,50 and 100 μmol/L propofol for 30 min,and then treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h except for control group.The cells were radomly divided into 3 groups (n =18 each) and 2 of the 3 groups were pretreated with 50 μmol/L propofol for 30 min,and then treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 24 h or 30 min.The expression of occludin protien,p38 mitogen activiated protienkinase (p38 MAPK) and phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,5,10 and 20 ng/ml IL-1β significantly increased HUVEC monolayer permeability in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).10,50 and 100 μmol/L propofol inhibited IL-1 β-induced increase in the permeability of HUVEC monolayer permeability in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.01).IL-1β could down-regulate HUVEC occludin protein expression,and activate p38MAPK signaling pathway,and propofol inhibited IL-1β-induced down-regulation of HUVEC occludin protein expression and activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Propofol can alleviate IL-1β-induced increase in the permeability of HUVEC monolayer via inhibiting activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To compare two methods in the determination of mannatide for injection .Methods The contents were determined by spectrophotometry and HPLC method .Results In the samples determined by Spectrophotometric Determi‐nation ,soluble in phenol solution and sulfuric acid ,was detected at wavelength 490 nm ,D‐mannose derivatives linear concen‐tration range is 10 .2‐51 μg/ml (r=0 .999 1) ,the average content was 92 .14% ,the average RSD value was 1 .17% .In the HPLC determination , with color spectrum column : Gemini C18 (250 mm × 4 .6 mm , 5 μm ) , mobile phase acetonitrile -0 .02 mol/L ammonium acetate solution (20∶80) ,flow rate:1 ml/min ,the detection wavelength was at 250 nm , column temperature:30 ℃ ,sample size:10 μl detection .The average content ws 83 .47% ,the average RSD value was 0 .65% ,the content of two kinds of methods could effectively determine the D‐mannose .Conclusion The average content for spectrophotometry was higher ,but the phenol was used in detection of special odor ,poisonous ,corrosive ,would cause a cer‐tain risk .HPLC was exclusive ,chromatogram was more intuitive ,on the operator harmfulness and less irritating .A new meth‐od for the determination of D‐mannose was established at the same time .

Objective To establish a quality standard for Ganmao granules of hospital preparations .Methods Radix Scutellariae ,cortex phellodendri and radix bupleuri were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) qualitatively .High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the content of baicalin .The determination was performed on Agilent HC-C18 column (250 mm × 4 .6 mm ,5 μm) at 30 ℃ with mobile phase composed of methanol-0 .2% phosphoric acid (43∶57) at the flow rate of 1 .0 ml/min .The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm .Results In TLC chromatograms ,the spectra of different test products had spots of the same color at corresponding sites ,with no interference from negative control .A good linearity range of baicalin was 1 .81~72 .40 μg/ml (r=0 .999 9) .The average recovery rate was 98 .55% (RSD=1 .91% ,n=9) .Conclusion The quality standard was established and the method of identification has good reproducibility .The method of determination of baicalin content improved the controllability of formulated quality of Ganmao granules .

Objective To improve quality standard of Fufang Shenghua granules.Methods TLC was used to identify chief components in the preparation, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Salvia Miltiorrhiza.HPLC was applied to identify Amarogentin and to determine the content of Salvianolic acid B.Salvianolic acid B assay was performed on Agilent HC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column with Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (23∶77)as mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.The column temperature was 30 ℃.The detection wavelength was set at 286 nm.Results The spots on TLC were fairly clear with good separation.There was no interference from the negative control samples.However, HPLC was a more accurate, reliable and objective method for qualitative identification.Salvianolic acid B showed a good linear correlation in the range of 1.56~49.92 μg/ml (r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 100.07%, RSD 1.61% (n=9).Conclusion A simple, accurate and reliable method was developed for the quality control of Fufang Shenghua granules.

Objective To improve the quality standard of Taohong Tongmai granule.Methods TLC was used to make qualitative identification of Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Rehmanniae Radix,Glycyrrhizae Radix;The effective components of the main walnut kernel were identified by HPLC;and HPLC was used to do quantitative determination of Paeoniflorin,the determination was performed on Agilent HC-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)column with mobile phase consisted of Acetonitrile-water(13:87) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 230 nm.Results These TLC spots were fairly clear,and the blank test showed no interference;The paeoniflorin at the range of 1·79-57.28 μg/ml was linear with peak area(r= 0.999 9),its average recovery rate was 99.99% and RSD was 2.05%(n= 9). Conclusion The quality standard of Taohong Tongmai granule had been improved,identification method was better reproduc-ibility,the determination method of paeoniflorin content had enhanced the controllability of product quality.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypo-gastric nerve blocks marked by arteriae circumflexa ilium profunda in elderly hernia surgery. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ grade patients (33 males and 7 females)of 65-90 years old scheduled for elective hernia surgery were randomly divided into two groups (n =20).In group T,patients received ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks bytraditional anatomical positioning;in group V,patients re-ceived ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks marked by arteriae circumflexa ilium profunda.The comparison was made between the two groups in term of onset time of anesthe-sia,VAS score of intraoperative and postoperative 6 h.Anesthesia satisfaction,incidence of uros-chesis,misplacement local anesthetics into blood-vessels were recorded.Results The onset time of anesthesia in group V was significantly shorter than that in group T [(6.1 ± 1.8)min vs (12.1 ± 2.0)min,P <0.05].The VAS score of intraoperative in group T was significantly higher than that of group V [(4.5 ± 1.1 )scores vs (2.1 ± 0.9 )scores,P < 0.05 ].The anesthesia satisfaction of group V was higher than that of group T (P <0.05).There was one misplacement local anesthetics into blood-vessels in group T.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks marked by arteriae circumflexa ilium profunda can provide safe,effective and reliable anesthesia in elderly hernia surgery.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of partial splenic artery embolization(PSE)and splenectomy in the treatment of secondary hypersplenism in liver cirrhosis.Methods PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,Wan Fang were searched to collect randomized controlled trials and cohort studies about the efficacy of PSE versus splenectomy in the treatment of hyper-splenism secondary to liver cirrhosis from inception to October 30,2021.Two reviewers screened the literature,extracted data,and as-sessed the risk of bias of included studies.Meta-analysis was then conducted.Results A total of 14studies were included with 1092 patients.The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in postoperative leukocyte levels at 1 week,1 month,and 1 year after surgery between the PSE group and the splenectomy group.However,6months after surgery,the level of postop-erative leukocyte in the splenectomy group was significantly higher than that in the PSE group.For postoperative platelet counts,there was no significant difference at 1 month and 1 year after surgery between the two groups.However,1 week(MD=-65.46,95％CI:-116.39--14.52,P=0.01)and 6months(MD=-117.99,95％CI:-229.71--6.27,P=0.04)after surgery,the level of postoperative platelet in splenectomy group was significantly higher than that in PSE group.There was no significant difference in postoperative erythro-cyte levels at 1 week,1 month,and 1 year after surgery between the two groups.The level of postoperative natural killer cells in the PSE group was significantly higher than that in the splenectomy group at 1 month(MD=6.02,95％CI:4.27-7.77,P＜0.001)and 1 year(MD=3.53,95％CI:1.68-5.37,P=0.0002)after surgery.Compared with splenectomy group,PSE group exhibited less intraopera-tive bleeding(MD=-73.92,95％CI:-89.39--58.45,P＜0.001),less hospitalization costs(MD=-0.80,95％CI:-1.27--0.34,P=0.0008)and shorter length of stay(MD=-4.08,95％CI:-5.22--2.95,P＜0.001).Conclusion The current evi-dence shows that PSE has certain short-term and long-term effects on hypersplenism.Compared with splenectomy,it has less surgical trauma,less hospital stay and less cost,easy to control complications,and retains some immune function,which is worth spreading in the clinic.Limited by the quantity and quality of the included literature,more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the above conclu-sions.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) sequences including four major genotypes representative strains available in GenBank were aligned with the DNAMAN software. The highly conserved internal region of ORF2 was then subjected to design primers and a probe. Furthermore, a 0.3 kb fragment of HEV ORF2 containing the amplification region was transcribed in vitro to synthese cRNA standard and a universal real-time TaqMan PCR assay was optimized and developed to detect and quantify main genotypes RNA of HEV. The specificity and reliability of the real-time RT-PCR was confirmed by testing genotype I HEV, genotype IV HEV and clinical samples. The detection limit of real-time RT-PCR was found 2.0 x 10(1) copies per reaction using in vitro transcribed cRNA. Compared with nested RT-PCR in diagnosis of HEV, the real-time RT-PCR developed was 10 to 100-fold more sensitive than the nested RT-PCR. The detection results from 54 clinical specimens indicated real-time RT-PCR was a rapid, sensitive and reproducible diagnostic method for HEV. This assay will be useful as an early and rapid diagnostic assay for HEV.
Base Sequence ; Fluorescence ; Hepatitis E ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Proteins ; analysis ; genetics