Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ultrashortwave(USW)diathermy and rotating magnetic(RM)field therapy on the brain following transient focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Methods Fifty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, an ischemia and a reperfusion control group, a USW treatment group and a RM treatment group. Focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were induced by intraluminal filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Each brain was removed at 24 h after the reperfusion and water content, cerebral infarct volume and histological expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were observed. Results When USW treatment was started at 18 h after reperfusion, decreased infarct volume and water content were observed, but RM treatment did not show this relationship. Both USW and RM were associated with increased expression of Bcl-2 protein and decreased the expression of Bax protein. Conclusions USW treatment is beneficial in focal cerebral ischemia. RM′s effect is uncertain. Any effect is through reducing apoptosis.

[Summary] Traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) constitutes a major health and socioeconomic problem throughout the world . Increasing traffic accidents and aging of population promote the incidence of TBI .In patients with severe TBI mortality and disability rates are higher .And survivors may suffer physical activity , cognitive and psychological problems due to trauma , leading to shortened life span and higher risk of death than general population .They are also facing with long-term care and rehabilitation .This article reviewed the status and limitations on treatment of severe traumatic brain injury and its clinical significance .

Objective To explore the operation method and curative effect of small incision minimally invasivepectus excavatum with non thoracoscopic xiphoid.Methods Clinical data of 12 cases with small incision minimally invasive pectus excavatum non thoracoscopic subxiphoid were retrospectively analyzed The index operation time,operation of the surgical bleeding,postoperative complications,postoperative hospitalization time and curative effect evaluation etc,were analyzed.Results 12 patients were successfully completed surgery.The time of operation was (35 ± 8)min;intraoperative blood loss was 5-20 mL,average 10mL;1 patients had pneumothorax postoperative complications;postoperative hospitalization time 3-7day,average 5days;postoperative effect evaluation were excellent in 12 cases.Conclusion Non thoracoscope assisted small incision under xiphoid minimally invasive pectus excavatum surgery is minimally invasive,beautiful appearance,reliable effect and other advantages,and can simplify the operation steps for primary hospital.

Aim To study the effect of forskolin on cor-ticosterone secretion in mouse adrenocortical tumor cells. Methods Y1 cells were treated with 1μmol· L-1 or 10μmol·L-1 forskolin for 15 min to 24 h. Y1 cells growth morphology was observed, cell culture su-pernatants were collected and corticosterone was tested by ELISA kit. The cells total RNA was extracted using TRIzol kit and was reversely transcribed to obtain the cDNA, then was amplificated by real time quantitative PCR. The cells were lysed with RIPA lysis buffer and protein expressions were carried out by Western blot. Results Y1 cells morphology changed from flat adher-ent to shrink and spherical growth after 1μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment for 3 h. Compared with the control group, corticosterone levels were increased significantly by 1μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment for 24 h ( P <0. 01), then, forskolin significantly enhanced steroid ogenic acute regulatory protein ( Star) mRNA and pro-tein expression ( P <0. 01 ) , moreover, the steroido-genic enzymes such as Cyp11 a1 and Cyp11 b1 mRNA expressions were also up-regulated significantly by fors-kolin ( P <0. 01 ) . Additionally, Star mRNA expres-sion was increased significantly in a time-dependent re-sponse after 10μmol·L-1 forskolin treatment from 1 h to 12 h (P<0. 01). Furthermore, Nr4a1 and Nr4a2 mRNA expressions were up-regulated significantly after 10μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment from 15 min and reached the top at 1 h ( P<0. 01 ) . However, forsko-lin showed no effect on Mc2 r and Nr5 a1 mRNA expres-sions. Conclusion Y1 mouse adrenocortical tumor cells have a strong response to adenylate cyclase ago-nists, then, forskolin can be used to glucocorticoid se-cretion inducer reagent.

Objective To understand the distribution of the blood donors with positive blood test results in Wuzhou .Methods The detection results of ALT ,HBsAg ,anti‐HCV ,anti‐HIV and anti‐TP of 108 879 cases of blood donors were retrospectively ana‐lyzed in 2010 -2012 .Results In the 108 879 cases of blood donors ,the total positive rate of 5 indicators was 6 .01% (6 548/108 879) .The positive rates of ALT ,HBsAg ,anti‐HCV ,anti‐HIV and anti‐TP were 4 .86% ,0 .57% ,0 .20% ,0 .07% and 0 .59% , respectively .The positive rates of ALT ,HBsAg and anti‐HCV were significantly different between males and females (P<0 .05) . The blood donors in 18-30 age group had the highest positive rates of ALT and anti‐TP ,and the blood donors in >30 -40 age group had the highest anti‐HCV positive rate .Conclusion Enhancing the blood donation propaganda ,doing a good job in the blood before consulting ,and choosing low risk blood donors are important to guarantee of the blood quality and reduction of blood transfu‐sion transmitted diseases .

Objective To study the perioperative haemodynamic changes of the femoral vein in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and its significance. Methods The cross-sectional area, the mean velocity, and flow of the femoral vein at four different stages before and after LC, including baseline (BL), pneumoperitoneum (PP), pneumoperitoneum and reverse Trendlenburg position (PP&RT), and postoperation (PO), were assessed by using the color Doppler ultrasonography in 28 patients. Results ①As compared with the stage BL, the femoral venous cross-sectional area increased from 0.72?0.31 cm2 to 1.08?0.31 cm2 (P=0.004), the femoral venous blood velocity declined from 14.23?11.96 cm/s to 5.50?2.63 cm/s (P=0.017), and the femoral venous blood flow decreased from 596.49?477.95 ml/min to 340.41?166.14 ml/min (P=0.018) in the stage PP. As compared with the stage PP, the stage PP&RT revealed an increased cross-sectional area (1.32?0.14 cm2, P=0.039), a decreased blood velocity (4.40?1.75 cm/s,P=0.034), and an approximately unchanged blood flow (346.69?142.66 ml/min, P=0.067). As compared with the stage BL, the cross-sectional area (0.86?0.15 cm2, P=0.222), the blood velocity (11.35?8.02 cm/s, P=0.412), and the blood flow (566.94?348.55 ml/min, P=0.840) were all approximately recovered to the preoperative levels at the stage PO. ②Color Doppler ultrasonography revealed femoral venous stasis in 21 patients, and 15 of them were detected femoral venous blood reflux. Conclusions During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, pneumoperitoneum and reverse Trendlenburg position may decrease femoral velocity and lead to venous stasis and even blood reflux.

Objective To investigate the levels of serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) and mannosebinding lectin (MBL) in infants with cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia with the severity of disease.Methods A total of 101 hospitalized infants with CMV pneumonia were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2012.These patients were divided as the severe pneumonia group (n =48) and the mild pneumonia group (n =53) according to physical sign of lung and complication.Another 55 infants who were hospitalized in the same period with non-infectious diseases were used as the control group.Serum levels of SP-D and MBL were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Blood gas analyzer was used to measure arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of the blood in severe patients.Results The mean serum SP-D levels in the severe pneumonia group [(150.08 ±52.59)ng/ml] and the mild pneumonia group [(109.67 ±31.39)ng/ml] were significantly higher than those in control group [(41.33 ± 16.42) ng/ml] (P ＜ 0.01), and higher in the severe pneumonia group than in the mild pneumonia group (P ＜ 0.01).However, there was no significant difference in serum MBL between all groups (P ＞ 0.05).In severe patients, serum SP-D levels were negatively correlated with PaO2 (r =-0.565, P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Serum SP-D is associated with the severity of CMV pneumonia, but MBL shows no relation.The serum SP-D levels has an important clinical significance in judgment the sererity of infants with CMV pneumonia.

An indexing system is constructed,based on the implementation of prevention and control technology for chronic non-communicable diseases in community health service institutions,using both literature review and Delphi method,and using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to calculate the weight of the indexing system.The system comprises three level-1 indexes,8 level-2 indexes and 33 level-3 indexes.The research proposed a transition from emphasis of therapeutic means to prevention,and emphasis on prevention and control technologies to the high-risk population in the prevention and control technology of chronic non-communicable diseases,along with development of techniques and measures to encourage behavioral changes of the population with chronic diseases.

Objective To explore the risk factors affecting prognosis of invasive fungal infection .Methods The clinical data of 208 hospitalized patients diagnosed with invasive fungal infection in Sun Yat-sen memorial hospital from 2007 to 2011 were reviewed . The factors affecting prognosis were determined by univariate and logistic regression analysis .Results The fatality rate of adult inpa-tient with invasive fungal infection was 21%.The univariate analysis showed that difference of seven indicators was significant between the survive group and death group:advanced age (over 60 years old), hospitalization time,fasting plasma glucose level, hypoalbumin-emia, using more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks , kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS) .Binary logistic regression showed that the difference of five indicators was significant between the two groups:advanced age (over 60 years old), hypoalbuminemia, using more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks, kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome .Conclusions The indicators such as advanced age (over 60 years old), hypoalbuminemia, the use of more than two kinds of broad spectrum antibiotic for more than two weeks , kinds of invasive operations , and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome might be independent risk factors of death in patients with invasive fungal infection.Early medical intervention should be made in clinical work , in order to reduce fatality rate of patients with invasive fungal in-fection.

Objective: To investigate the effects of endothelin(ET) antisence oligoneuceotide and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)genetic transfection on the intimal hyperplasia of venous autografts.Methods: The external jugule veins were autografted into abdominal aorta arteries in 20 Wistar rats, which were divided evenly into experimental and control group at random. The transplanted veins of experimental group were immersed in the adenovirus-mediated eNOS gene solution for 15 minutes just before anastomosis and coated with ET antisence olioneucleotide glue gel just after anastomosis, while the control ones were only immersed the physiologic saline for 15 minutes but nothing to be coated. The transplanted vascular samples were taken at 2 weeks after operation. The intimal thinkness (IH), degree of restenosis(DR), expression of PCNA, ETmRNA, NOS mRNA were determined by histology, transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results: The IH, DR and the expressions of ETmRNA were decreased while the expressions of eNOS mRNA was increased contrary to control group.Conclusion: Transfection of ET antisence oligoneuleotide and NOS gene can inhibit the intimal hyperlisia of venouse autogrfts,it is a prospective and idea genetic prophylactic therapy to intimal hyperplasia.