Objective:Tumor suppressor gene nitrogen permease regulator like 2 (NPRL2), also called tumor suppressor candidate gene 4 (TUSC4), widely exists in all kinds of human tissues and is highly conserved in different kinds of biological species. The expression of NPRL2 is markedly decreased in many human tumor tissues, such as lung cancer, breast cancer,renal carcinoma, et al. NPRL2 is located in human chromosome 3p2.13, and participates in DNA mismatch modification, regulation of signal transduction du-ring cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induction. NPRL2 gene inactivation is related with the initiation and progression of several malignant tumors. The mechanism underlying the tumor-inhibiting activity of NPRL2 gene is not clear and needs to be further investigated.

BACKGROUND:Along with the medicine development.the prevention and treatment of the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle have made a remarkable progress,but the clinical curative effect is still not satisfied OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current status of the prevention and treatment methods of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy,and to find a more effective method for the prevention and treatment of the denervated of skeletal muscle atrophy METHODS:Using"denervation,muscle atrophy,treatment"in English for the search term,Medline database from January 1998 to January 2008 was retrieved.Using"denervation,muscle atrophy,treatment:in Chinese for the search term,the Chinese Journal Full-text Database from January 1998 to January 2008,Wanfang Database from January 1998 to January 2008,and Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation and Tissue Engineering Research from January 1 998 to January 2008 were searched.Literature was limited to English and Chinese languages.The muscular endurance and contractile force,muscle wet weight of denervated nerve,and skeletal muscle repair served as the evaluation index The studies on the micro-surgical procedures,physical therapy,biological and chemical therapies,gene therapy for the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle were included.Except the above methods,other therapies to the denervated skeletal muscle atrophy were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After peripheral nerve damage.the skeletal muscle is denervated and then inevitably atrophy occurs Therefore,the exploration of prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy has attracted the interests from many domestic and foreign scholars.will certainly become the important task and the research hot spot in the 21st century in the peripheral nerve domain The microsurgery surgery,physiotherapy,biology and chemotherapeutics,gene therapy are the main effective prevention methods for the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle.At present,this domain.s research already presents the multiple perspectives and various tendencies.The prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy has already given the pointed management,but in the improvement microcycle,but much works need to carry on in fields of improving microcirculation,preventing cell apoptosis,suppressing the collagen excessive growth,as well as adjusting myogenic regulatory factors expression using gene therapy method in the gene level,but also had the.Along with the tissue engineering,cell culture science,molecular biology,genetic engineering and so on,an unceasing development will be obtained regarding the prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy.

Atomic layer deposition has been employed for postsynthesis treatment of octadecyl bonded silica (ODS) as a typical reversed-phase stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ,in an effort to alleviate peak tailing for basic compounds. With hexamethyldisilazane( HMDS) as an endcapping agent,the ODS packing materials were heated to 250℃,and maintained at that temperature for 6 h,affording packing materials which are highly inert to basic compounds. Chromatographic performance in terms of retention factor and tailing factor of the resulting phases was evaluated using phenol/pyridine and naphthalene/ami-triptyline pairs as probes. The results were compared with those for the same packing treated by liquid phase method and for the commercial products including Zorbax SB-C_(18) and Kromasil C_(18). The separation characteristics of the ODS phase obtained by atomic layer deposition appear to be superior to that by liquid phase method and,comparable with or even better than the commercial products studied. Being solvent-free process amenable to mass production,the described method provides an economical and eco-friendly approach to manufacturing HPLC packing materials on industrial scale.

AIM: The influence of the seawater on the lipid peroxidation of the muscle tissue wounded by firearm was studied. METHODS: Both two limbs of rabbits were wounded by the steel ball of 250 mg. The wounded rabbits were divided into two group: One is seawater immersed group (SIG), which was dipped in artificial seawater for 30 min. Another is the single wounded group (SWG), which wasn't dipped in seawater. Then, muscle tissues 0.5 cm (A area), 1.5 cm (B area) and 2.5 cm (C area) from wound edge were cut for biochemical analysis at 3, 6, 12, 24 h of post-wound, respectively. The contents of ATP, MDA and SOD activity of all these tissues were detected, pre-wounded muscle tissues were used as control group. RESULTS: The content of MDA in SIG increased obviously at 3, 6 h, respectively, but it decreased slightly at 12 h and increased again at 24 h. The change in MDA in SWG is similar to that in SIG but more slightly. The changes in both the activity of SOD and the content of ATP in two groups is similar to that of MDA. CONCLUSION: Seawater induced more serious lipid peroxidation in the muscle tissue wounded by firearm.

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in methanol parts of Toddalia asiatica ( Linn) Lam. Methods: The compounds were isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatograph and TLC. The structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. Results:Nine compounds were obtained and elucidated as dictamnine(1), hesperetin(2), 4-hydroxy-N-methylproline(3), 8-hydroxy-dihydrochelerythrine(4), hesperetin7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), daucosterol(6), hes-peridin(7), diosmin(8) and neohesperidin(9). Conclusion:Compound 5, 6, 8 and 9 are isolated from the plant for the first time.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of lentivirus-mediated microRNA-21 RNAi on biological behaviors in human hepatic cancer cells.MethodsMicroRNA-21 specific siRNA gene was synthesized and cloned into the recombinant lentiviral vector,pGCSIL-GFP.HepG2 cells were infected by microRNA-21 siRNA recombinant lentivirus (miR-21-siRNA-Ⅳ).The HepG2 cells were devided into SI group,NC group and N group in vitro.The expression of the targets of miR-21 was detected by RT-PCR.Cell growth was analyzed by MTT assay.The invasion was dectected by tmnswell method.Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33258.BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into SI group and NC group.The growth of transplant tumors in BALB/c nude mice were observed.Results ( 1 ) The expression level of miR-21 was inhibited significantly by miR-21-siRNA-lⅣ.(2) The proliferation of HepG2 was also markedly suppressed in MTT at the 96 h point ( P =0.0031,P ＜ 0.05 ).(3) The number of cells that migrated through the chamber of SI group decreased ( P =0.0004,P ＜ 0.05 ).(4) The cell apopotosis in SI group increased markedly.In addition,the caspase 3 mRNA significantly increased ( P =0.0002,P ＜ 0.05 ).( 5 ) Tumor growth curve was not statistically different between groups ( P =0.0002,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsMicroRNA-21 specific siRNA suppresses the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells and induces tumor cell apoptosis inhibiting the growth of transplanted tumor in Balb/c nude mice.

Objective To guide bracing treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods A total of 68 AIS patients with apex vertebrae (AV) under T6 had received the improved Cheneau bracing treatment between March 2008 and June 2010. All patients were divided into two groups. There were 16males and 35 females, with a mean age of 13.6 years (range, 10.6-17.2) in the intervention group. The mean Cobb angle was 29.5° (range, 20°-38°); Risser sign was 2-4; Vertebralrotation degree was 0-2 in the group;while there were 6 males and 11 females, with a mean of 13.2 years (range, 10.8-16.8) in the control group.The mean Cobb angle was 28.7° (range, 20°-37°); Risser sign was 2-4; Vertebralrotation degree was 0-2 in the control group. All patients in control group were informed standardized bracing treatment method. But we gave patients in intervention group two copies of "The Form of Guiding Bracing Treatment" treatment of patients with AIS, and informed that they carried out the bracing treatment according requirement of the form.Cobb angle was measured before the treatment and at 6th, 12th, 18th month after treatment. Results Sixtyfive cases were followed up for 18-27 months. However, one female in control group and two females in intervention group were lost during follow-up. Coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient of form were both over 0.60. The acceptance rate of the table was 97.54%(199/204), qualified rate was 100.00%( 199/199), and with good content validity. The mean Cobb angle decreased gradually from 28.71° to 25.76° in control group and from 29.47° to 21.59° in intervention group. Four cases in control group and 34 cases in intervention group had reduced more than 5° at 18 months after treatment. There was significant difference regarding Cobb angle between two group. Conclusion The form of guiding bracing treatment has good reliability and validity and can guide bracing treatment of AIS correctly and effectively.

Objective To discuss the therapeutic effect of ulinastatin combined with dexamethasone on blast-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rabbits.Methods Thirty-eight New Zealand white rabbits with blast-induced ALI were divided into four groups according to the random number table:injury group (n =8),treatment group Ⅰ (dexamethasone alone,n =10),treatment group Ⅱ (ulinastatin alone,n =10),combination therapy group (dexamethasone + ulinastatin,n =10).In addition,8 uninjured rabbits were randomly selected as control group.Treatment groups were given relevant medication by intramuscular injection at 0.5,12,24,36 and 48 hours after successful modeling.Injury group and control group were given equal volume of isotonic saline at the same time.Parameters of respiratory rate,oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2),TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and neutrophil elastase (NE)were detected before and afterfirst treatment at 6,24,48 and 72 hours.All rabbits were sacrificed after 72 hoars to detect TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and NE contents in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and to measure wet to dry lung weight ratio.HE staining was performed to observe pathological changes of lung tissues Results In contrast,respiratory rate was high in injury group at each time point,which increased to the peak (75.0 ± 7.4) times/min at 6 hours far higher than (33.0 ± 4.5) times/min in control group (P ＜0.01).Wet to dry lung weight ratio and TNF-α,IL-6 as well as IL-8 contents of the peripheral blood and BAI.F in injury group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜0.01).PaO2/ FiO2 in injury group was decreased to the lowest level of (180.5 ± 12.6)mmHg at 72 hours far lower than (403.7-8.0)mmHg in control group (P ＜0.01).While improvements were observed in treatment groups with respect to these indicators,and significantly much better results were detected in combination therapy group rather than in treatment groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Ulinastatin combined with dexamethasone is an effective therapy on blast-induced ALI in rabbits,and the effect is significantly better than that with single use of uliinastatin or dexamethasone.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory mediators-induced neurodocitis in the nucleus pulposus is a main factor for backleg pain. Receptor pathway studies confirmed that the nervous system had self-circulation. Administration by receptors has the same effect as targeting drug delivery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of drug injection on synovium of lumbar zygapophyseal joints and muscular attachment point of neural scute in 1 236 patients with discogenic low back pain. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: The case analysis experiment was performed at the First People’s Hospital from March 2002 to March 2007. PARTICIPANTS: 1 236 patients with discogenic low back pain were selected at the Department of Pain,including 370 males and 866 females,aged from 20 to 80 years. The patients accompanied with bulging of lumbar intervertebral disc and protrusions less than 1/3 vertebral canal. METHODS: Drugs were injected on bulges of lumbar intervertebral disc,protuberate zygapophysis and neural scute. General pharmaceutical formulation: Betamethason copound injection 5 mg+ levofloxacin 0.1 g+20 g/L lidocaine 5 mL+sacine metered to 20 mL+ sodium hyaluronate 20 mg. The administration was once a week and one course of treatment had three administrations. There was no overweight loading during one month. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Therapeutic efficacy; relapse rate. RESULTS: In 1 236 patients with one course of treatment,there were healing in 1 142 cases (94%),improvement in 89 cases (7.2%),inefficacy in 5 cases (0.4%). In 322 patients with one year consummate data,there were no relapse in 250 cases (77.6%),relapse in 72 cases (22.4%). In 206 patients with two year consummate data,there were no relapse in 155 cases (75.2%),relapse in 51 cases (24.8%). In 91 patients with three year consummate data,there were no relapse in 74 cases (81.3%),relapse in 17 cases (18.7%). In 62 patients with four year consummate data,there were no relapse in 52 cases (83.8%),relapse in 10 cases (16.2%). In 32 patients with five year consummate data,there were no relapse in 27 cases (84.3%) and relapse in 5 cases (15.6%). CONCLUSION: Drug injection on synovium of lumbar zygapophyseal joints and muscular attachment point of neural scute through receptor-mediated pathway is simple and available in patients with discogenic low back pain.

Objective: To investigate the ictal epileptic activation using simultaneous electroencephalogram functional MRI(EEG-fMRI),and to study the neural mechanism and the roles of the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures in the generation and propagation of the epileptic activity.Methods: A patient with partial epilepsy was retrospectively found to have slight seizures during the simultaneous EEG-fMRI examination.Two sessions of the ictal functional MRI data were processed and analyzed using the general-linear model.Results: Consistent activation patterns were obtained from the two sessions of data.The positive activation was found over the bilateral parietal lobes,insula cortex,bilateral striatum,thalamus and some nuclei of the brain stem,as well as over the vermis and right cerebellar hemisphere.The maximum intensity point was in the left parietal lobe.Conclusion: The seizure activation is originated from the cerebral cortex,and then propagates through the reciprocal circuits made up of the cortex and the subcortical structures.The cerebral cortex and the brain stem reticular formation are the main structures that propagate the seizure to contralateral hemisphere.The subcortical structures play important roles in the seizure propagation and seizure manifestation.