In this article, a method to determine the content of liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhetate, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone in Mongolia medicine Ga Ri Di-13 pill was established. The chromatographic condition for liquiritin and ammonium glycyrrhetate was listed as the below: with Dimma column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) as stationary phase; with acetonitrile (A)-0.4%phosphoric acid (B) as mobile phase; gradient elution: 0-10 min (16%-18% A), 10-30 min (18% A), 30-40 min (18%-27% A), 40-85 min (27%-45% A), and 85-86 min (45%-16%A); column temperature was set at 30℃; detection wavelength was 237 nm; and flow velocity was 1 mL·min-1. The chromatographic column condition for costunalide and dehydrocostus lactone was listed as the below: with Dimma column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) as stationary phase; with acetonitrile-water (65:35) as mobile phase; detection wavelength was 225 nm; column temperature was set at 30℃ and flow velocity was 1.0 mL·min-1. The linearity ranges of liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhetate, costunolide, and dehydrocostus lactone were 0.1-1.2μg (r=0.999 9), 0.341-4.092μg (r=1.000 0), 0.12-1.2μg (r=1.000 0), and 0.106-1.06 (r=1.000 0), respectively; the average recovery rates were 97.07%, 100.13%, 98.44%, and 98.90%, respectively; the RSD were 1.00%, 1.84%, 2.21% and 3.38%,respectively. This method is specificity and reproducible, and can be used to determination of liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhetate, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone in Mongolia medicine Ga Ri Di -13 pill.

Projects of hospital reorganization and expansion can be put on the track of scientific,fair,economical,rational,objective,and sustainable development through feasibility studies and first-phase planning and preparations,which ensure that hospital reorganization and expansion meet the requirements of national policies and regional health planning,the needs of the medical market and the medical system,and the demands of medical reform,thus avoiding any inherent weaknesses that projects of hospital reorganization and expansion might have.

OBJECTIVE To approach whole environment dynamic monitoring of the cross infection in operation department.METHODS To learn the experience of planning,construction and infection′s monitoring and managing of domestic and abroad operation departments,in combination with own work practice of reforming and infection management.RESULTS There were straight relations between planning,plane disposition,flow-sheet,construction quality,managing way and cross infection.CONCLUSIONS The whole environment dynamic monitoring of cross infection in operation department is very important.Of the total,the monitoring of planning design,the efficiency,rationality and safety of disposition,and flow-sheet of operation department at the beginning stage of construction is the premise of preventing and controlling cross infection there.The monitoring of construction quality at intermediate stage is the foundation of monitoring cross infection.The dynamic monitoring of alive human flow(patients,staff),logistic flow(articles during pre-operation,in-operation,and post-operation) and air current at later stage is the key point of preventing and controlling cross infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the stages of calcification of the third molar and age among children in Chengdu.

METHODSThe study subjects consisted of children between 2009 and 2011 at the Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. Panoramic radiographs were obtained. The stages of calcification of the third molar were analyzed by Demirjian's method. The development of the third molar between the male and female was evaluated by independent samples t-test analysis. The Spearman rank correlation was applied to analyze the stages of calcification of the third molar and chronological age.

RESULTSThe development of the third molar of the male was different from that of the female at stage A of calcification of the third molar(P=0.026). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient revealed highly significant relationships between the stages of calcification of the third molar and chronological age of the three groups (male, r=0.808, P=0.000; female, r= 0.729, P=0.000; all, r=0.760, P=0.000). Furthermore, the linear regression equations were established as follows: Yall= 4.898+2.036X: Ymale=4.987+2.046X; Yfemale=4.819+2.036X.

CONCLUSIONThe stages of calcification of the third molar may be an available indicator in judging chronological age of teenager.

Adolescent ; Age Determination by Teeth ; China ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Molar, Third ; Oral Medicine ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Universities