Objective To observe the distribution of circum-patella nerve fibers in the soft tissue to provide experimental evidence,which is significant in denervation for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).Methods Patella specimens were collected from 4 cadavers (2 cases of diabetic foot,lcase of lower extremity arterial occlusive,and 1case of car accident),all 4 of which were resected soft tissue with a dimension of 0.5cm × 0.5cm and full depth thickness around patella more than 0.5cm for histology and morphology observation.The nerve fibers histology and morphology were observed in all resected specimens with HE staining and silver-gilt glycine staining in the same field of microscopic vision.Results Anatomy found that the vascular network form skins directly involved in the patella nourish hole area and in the 10,2,4,7 clock point have found that blood vessels into the patella.There have a large number of nerve fibers near to the patella under the microscope,but there were no significant difference in the nerve fibers region distribution of all specimens.There were some into patella nerve fiber paths in side of patella soft tissue,which lied in 7,11 and 13 clock point,but outside no this phenomenon.The distribution of circum-patellar nerve fibers were described as distribution of regional concentration,which lied in much more 5,6,7 clock points and 10,11,12,1,2,clock points,in which the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon have more than the others.In the 13 clock point,the fascia and periosteum of nourish hole area were also found in a large number of nerve fibers,and there were laminar distribution in different soft tissue layers,which were collected much more in synovial layer,fat pad,tendon near to patella.Conclusion There are much more nerve fibers near to the patella and some into patella nerve fiber paths in the medial side and nourish hole area.Nerve fibers distribution of circum-patella can be described as laminar distribution and regional concentration ,which is more in the centre,bottom more than top,outside more than inside,the bipolar more than the others.The patella denervation operation by reducing the number of peripheral nociceptors to achieve desensitization is feasible in TKA.

Objective Mongolian gerbil can make themself urine concentration for saving water and adapt to the harsh desert environment, due to their very unique moisture control system in the body.Methods Mongolian gerbil is resistant to drought on account of their special kidney. Histology of the kidney, ureter and bladder in Meriones Unguiculataus were observed by light microscopy using HE staining.Results The results showed that compared with rats and mice, the Mongolian gerbils have more developed distal tubules, and well developed inner renal medulla.Conclusions We hope that the findings of this study enrich our understanding of the histology of urinary system in Mongolian gerbils and provide support for the laboratory animalization of this animal.

MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) is a class of highly conserved endogenous non-coding RNA of 21~25nt, which is widely existed in organisms. Currently, miRNA has been proven to be associated with cardiovascular diseases in clinical research, but it has not been reported in the field of forensic medicine. This paper highlights recent findings about miRNA and its application in cardiovascular diseases, and the application aspect of miRNA in sudden cardiac death in forensic science.

Objective To assess the health status of rodent laboratory animals by pathological diagnosis, our lab has being take apart in investigating the quality of laboratory animals in Beijing area for years and offer some advices for standardized breeding to ensure accurate results of scientific research.This paper focuses on the analysis of laboratory rodent samples that collected in October 2014.Methods We collected the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine and small intestine, and put these organs into 10%Calcium formaldehyde solution for fixation, and then prepared into two different sections for optical microscopy observation including all paraffin specimens stained with H&E and the frozen sections stained with Oil Red-O and PAS.Results The vast majority of laboratory rodents were up to standard, but there still a problem in individual units.The main problem is liver and lung disease.The rate of Hepatocyte swellingis 6%(mouse), 2.5% (rat), 8.2% (guinea pig), moreover part of them were lipidosis, according to Oil Red-O stain.the mainly problem of lung is congestion ,edema and Interstitial pneumonia ,the detectable rate of pulmonarydiseases is 15.5%(guinea pig).Conclusions The vast majority of laboratory rodents were pathologically diagnosed as healthy animals.The liver disease may be caused by improper feeding.And disease of lung may led by haze, unqualified bedding and low temperature.

Objective: To analyze research hot spots and trends on myopia in children and adolescents in China, and to provide a reference for the future development of this research field. Methods: Using CiteSpace software, 725 eligible Chinese documents published over a 22 year period were sourced from CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Chinese databases, were analyzed during 2000-2021. The data were visualized by a keyword co occurrence map, and clustering, as well as burst and author cooperative networks. Results: The research field of myopia in children and adolescents in China had undergone three stages:an initial formation period, development period and rapid growth period, and it was expected that the annual number of papers will maintain an increasing trend in the future. "Myopia" "adolescents" "children" and "students" were the most frequent keywords(667, 535, 288, 47). The keyword burst "adolescents" started the earliest, and "students" had the largest burst strength and duration. Zhang Ning, Tang Wenting, Tao Fangbiao, Yang Xiao and others have made important contributions to this research field. Conclusion In recent years, the research focus in this field has gradually shifted toward the influencing factors, as well as prevention and treatment measures of child and adolescent myopia. The trend of myopia in young children and adolescents is obvious. In the future, research on the prevention, control and treatment of myopia in children and adolescents will become a hot spot.

Objective: This study aims to analyze factors associated with lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and evaluate the prognostic significance of LVSI in Chinese endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) patients. Methods: Five-hundred eighty-four EEC patients undergoing surgery in our center from 2006 to 2016 were selected for analysis. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine relevant factors of LVSI. To evaluate the prognostic role of LVSI, survival analyses were conducted. In survival analyses, both multivariate Cox regression and propensity score matching were used to control the confounders. Results: The incidence of LVSI was 12.16% (71/584). Diabetes history (p=0.021), lymph node metastasis (p=0.005), deep myometrial invasion (p<0.001) and negative PR expression (p=0.007) were independently associated with LVSI. Both Kaplan-Meier method and univariate Cox regressions showed LVSI negative and positive cases had similar tumor-specific survival (TSS) and disease-free survival (DFS). After adjusting for the influence of adjuvant therapy and other clinicopathological factors with multivariate Cox regressions, LVSI still could not bring additional survival risk to the patients (p=0.280 and p=0.650 for TSS and DFS, respectively). This result was verified by Kaplan-Meier survival analyses after propensity score matching (p=0.234 and p=0.765 for TSS and DFS, respectively). Conclusion LVSI does not significantly compromise the survival outcome of Chinese EEC patients.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of rational perioperative drug use,and to establish a rationality prediction model based on machine learning to assist pharmacists in prescription review.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the perioperative prescription data of neurosurgery patients from a tertiary hospital and a central hospital in Shanxi Province between March 2021 and March 2023.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were initially used to identify factors influencing rational drug use,followed by Lasso regression and multicollinearity analysis to select important variables.The data was split into a training set and test set at a ratio of 7∶3,and decision tree(DT),multi-layer perceptron(MLP),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),support vector machine(SVM),and random forest(RF)learning models were constructed.Results A total of 1 500 prescriptions were included,of which 668 were classified as rational and 832 as irrational.In both the training and test sets,the AUC values of the DT,XGBoost,and RF models exceeded 0.9.The DT model showed the highest sensitivity(0.81),while the RF model demonstrated the highest specificity(0.90).In the RF model,the number of comorbidities,preoperative waiting time,total hospitalization cost,prescribing physician's title,and adverse reaction occurrence negatively impacted prescription rationality,whereas the number of drugs,age,and administration route positively influenced rationality.Conclusion The machine learning-based rational drug use prediction model demonstrates strong predictive performance,effectively assisting pharmacists in prescription review and helping to reduce the incidence of irrational drug use.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)over expressed breast cancer via combining the dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)perfusion parameters,apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value and clinical feature model.Methods A total of 197 breast cancer patients who underwent DCE-MRI and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)scans were analyzed retrospectively,including 47 breast cancer patients with HER-2 over expressed and 150 breast cancer patients with non-HER-2 over expressed.The t-test or chi-square test was used to compare the DCE-MRI perfusion parameters[Ktrans,Kep,Ve,W-in,W-out,and time to peak(TTP)],ADC value,and clinical feature between the two groups.The diagnostic efficiency of the models were analyzed via receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results There were significant difference in the maximum tumor diameter,minimum tumor diameter,T stage,N stage,Kep,W-in,and ADC value between HER-2 over expressed breast cancer and non-HER-2 over expressed breast cancer groups(P＜0.05).The proposed combined model,which included the combined maximum tumor diameter,minimum tumor diameter,T stage,N stage,Kep,W-in,and ADC value,showed a better diagnostic efficiency with area under the curve(AUC)(AUC=0.763)than the clinical model(AUC=0.634)based on the combined maximum tumor diameter,minimum tumor diameter,T stage,and N stage,and the imaging model(AUC=0.715)based on the combined Kep,W-in and ADC value.Conclusion The maximum tumor diameter,minimum tumor diameter,T stage,N stage,Kep,W-in,and ADC value may be associated with HER-2 over expressed breast cancer.Combining all above parameters can improve the diagnostic ability of breast cancer patients with HER-2 over expressed.

Objective To investigate the difference of CT features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST),neurogenic tumors,and leiomyomas in stomach.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical and CT features from 312 cases of GIST,21 cases of neurogenic tumors,and 35 cases of leiomyomas in stomach.Results GIST were most commonly found in the body of stomach and exhibited large tumor sizes and late onset.CT showed GIST predominantly showed intraluminal and mixed growth pattern with irregular or round shapes and uneven density,and cystic degeneration and calcification were frequently observed.The CT values of GIST in the arterial phase and the degree of arterial enhancement were higher,with light to moderate arterial phase enhancement and moderate to marked venous phase enhancement.Gastric leiomyomas had smaller tumor sizes and presented mainly in the cardia,gastric fundus,and lesser curvature of gastric body.CT showed the intraluminal growth pattern,primarily in round shapes with uniform density,lower incidence of cystic degeneration and calcification,both the arterial and venous phase CT values and the extent of enhancement in these phases were lower,showed no or slight enhancement during the arterial phase and light to moderate enhancement during the venous phase.Gastric neurogenic tumors were predominantly located in the gastric body and antrum.CT showed the tumors demonstrated extraluminal and mixed growth patterns,most with oval-shaped appearace,uniform density and the venous phase CT values and the degree of enhancement were higher,with light to moderate arterial enhancement and moderate to marked venous enhancement.Conclusion GIST,neurogenic tumors,and leiomyomas in stomach can be differentiated based on their distinct CT features.Accurate recognition of these features aids in the differential diagnosis of these kinds of tumors.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with diarrhea, and to analyze the genes carriage of enterotoxin in the strains of these patients in Jiading District, Shanghai. MethodsFrom 2021 to 2023, anal swabs of diarrhea outpatients from one sentinel hospital and nine community health service centers in different townships in Jiading District, Shanghai, were tested for Staphylococcus aureus, from which five enterotoxin virulence genes such as SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, and SEE were tested simultaneously. ResultsA total of 1 080 anal swabs were collected, 81 of which were tested positive for S. aureus, with a detection rate of 7.50%, and the detection rate of S. aureus was similar in patients with diarrhea from 2021‒2023. There was no statistically significant difference in detection rates between males and females (χ²=0.821, P=0.365). S. aureus detection rate was highest in infants and young children with diarrhea (29.51%), followed by 14.06% in the people aged between 4‒<31 years, and 2.99% in those aged ≥31 years. Significant differences were observed in the detection rate of S. aureus in the diarrhoeal patients from different townships of Jiading District(χ²=66.134,P<0.05). The carriage rates of the 5 enterotoxin genes, namely SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, SEE, were 13.58%, 14.81%, 11.11%, 7.41%, and 0, respectively. ConclusionThe prevalence of S. aureus among the patients with diarrhea in Jiading District is relatively stable but with distinct geographical patterns. Children and adolescents are high-risk groups. SEB were the dominant gene, followed by SEA.